{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T22:13:42Z","timestamp":1772835222638,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,22]],"date-time":"2024-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734825600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,22]],"date-time":"2024-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Netw Distrib Comput"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s44227-024-00049-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,22]],"date-time":"2024-12-22T04:52:06Z","timestamp":1734843126000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Beyond the Basics: An In-Depth Analysis and Multidimensional Survey of Programmable Switch in Software-Defined Networking"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Vaishali A.","family":"Shirsath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Madhav M.","family":"Chandane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"49_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2014.2371999","volume":"103","author":"D Kreutz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kreutz D, Ramos FMV, Ver\u00edssimo P, Rothenberg CE, Azodolmolky S, Uhlig S (2015) Software-defined networking: a comprehensive survey. Proc IEEE 103:14\u201376","journal-title":"Proc IEEE"},{"key":"49_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics8090958","volume":"8","author":"Z Hang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hang Z, Wen M, Shi Y, Zhang C (2019) Programming protocol-independent packet processors high-level programming (p4hlp): towards unified high-level programming for a commodity programmable switch. Electronics 8:958","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"key":"49_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2014.2330903","volume":"17","author":"X Wei","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wei X, Wen Y, Foh CH, Niyato D, Xie H (2015) A survey on software-defined networking. IEEE Commun Surv Tutor 17:27\u201351","journal-title":"IEEE Commun Surv Tutor"},{"key":"49_CR4","first-page":"1","volume":"2021","author":"Y Gao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gao Y, Wang Z (2021) A review of p4 programmable data planes for network security. Mob Inf Syst 2021:1\u201324","journal-title":"Mob Inf Syst"},{"key":"49_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87094","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3086704","volume":"9","author":"EF Kfoury","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kfoury EF, Crichigno J, Bou-Harb E (2021) An exhaustive survey on p4 programmable data plane switches: taxonomy, applications, challenges, and future trends. IEEE Access 9:87094\u201387155","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"1","key":"49_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2022.3213237","volume":"25","author":"S Kianpisheh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kianpisheh S, Taleb T (2022) A survey on in-network computing: Programmable data plane and technology specific applications. IEEE Commun Surv Tutor 25(1):701\u2013761","journal-title":"IEEE Commun Surv Tutor"},{"key":"49_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2022.109030","volume":"212","author":"J Gomez","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gomez J, Kfoury EF, Crichigno J, Srivastava G (2022) A survey on tcp enhancements using p4-programmable devices. Comput Netw 212:109030","journal-title":"Comput Netw"},{"issue":"9","key":"49_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3556973","volume":"55","author":"A Liatifis","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liatifis A, Sarigiannidis P, Argyriou V, Lagkas T (2023) Advancing sdn from openflow to p4: A survey. ACM Comput Surv 55(9):1\u201337","journal-title":"ACM Comput Surv"},{"issue":"1","key":"49_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3605153","volume":"56","author":"R Parizotto","year":"2023","unstructured":"Parizotto R, Coelho BL, Nunes DC, Haque I, Schaeffer-Filho A (2023) Offloading machine learning to programmable data planes: A systematic survey. ACM Comput Surv 56(1):1\u201334","journal-title":"ACM Comput Surv"},{"key":"49_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2023.109795","volume":"230","author":"A Mazloum","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mazloum A, Kfoury E, Gomez J, Crichigno J (2023) A survey on rerouting techniques with p4 programmable data plane switches. Comput Netw 230:109795","journal-title":"Comput Netw"},{"key":"49_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2021.01.027","volume":"170","author":"S Kaur","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kaur S, Kumar K, Aggarwal N (2021) A review on p4-programmable data planes: architecture, research efforts, and future directions. Comput Commun 170:109\u2013129","journal-title":"Comput Commun"},{"key":"49_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2022.108800","volume":"207","author":"A AlSabeh","year":"2022","unstructured":"AlSabeh A, Khoury J, Kfoury E, Crichigno J, Bou-Harb E (2022) A survey on security applications of p4 programmable switches and a stride-based vulnerability assessment. Comput Netw 207:108800","journal-title":"Comput Netw"},{"issue":"1","key":"49_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2022.3217613","volume":"25","author":"W Quan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Quan W, Xu Z, Liu M, Cheng N, Liu G, Gao D, Zhang H, Shen X, Zhuang W (2022) AI-driven packet forwarding with programmable data plane: A survey. IEEE Commun Surv Tutor 25(1):762\u2013790","journal-title":"IEEE Commun Surv Tuto"},{"key":"49_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2022.103561","volume":"212","author":"F Hauser","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hauser F, H\u00e4berle M, Merling D, Lindner S, Gurevich V, Zeiger F, Frank R, Menth M (2023) A survey on data plane programming with p4: fundamentals, advances, and applied research. J Netw Comput Appl 212:103561","journal-title":"J Netw Comput Appl"},{"key":"49_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54373","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3275756","volume":"11","author":"B Goswami","year":"2023","unstructured":"Goswami B, Kulkarni M, Paulose J (2023) A survey on P4 challenges in software defined networks: P4 programming. IEEE Access 11:54373\u201354387","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"15","key":"49_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6955","DOI":"10.3390\/s23156955","volume":"23","author":"JA Brito","year":"2023","unstructured":"Brito JA, Moreno JI, Contreras LM, Alvarez-Campana M, Blanco Caama\u00f1o M (2023) Programmable data plane applications in 5g and beyond architectures: a systematic review. Sensors 23(15):6955","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"49_CR17","unstructured":"\u201cMarket landscape.\u201d https:\/\/sdn.systemsapproach.org\/intro.html. Accessed 04 Jan 2023"},{"key":"49_CR18","unstructured":"\u201cSwitch-level schematic.\u201d https:\/\/sdn.systemsapproach.org\/switch.html#id12. Accessed 04 Jan 2023"},{"key":"49_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2021.04.070","volume":"133","author":"N Donthu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Donthu N, Kumar S, Mukherjee D, Pandey N, Lim WM (2021) How to conduct a bibliometric analysis: an overview and guidelines. J Bus Res 133:285\u2013296","journal-title":"J Bus Res"},{"key":"49_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2022.109227","volume":"216","author":"F Paolucci","year":"2022","unstructured":"Paolucci F, Scano D, Castoldi P, De Paoli E (2022) Latency control in service chaining using p4-based data plane programmability. Comput Netw 216:109227","journal-title":"Comput Netw"},{"issue":"3","key":"49_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.021.1900599","volume":"35","author":"F Paolucci","year":"2021","unstructured":"Paolucci F, Cugini F, Castoldi P, Osi\u0144ski T (2021) Enhancing 5g sdn\/nfv edge with p4 data plane programmability. IEEE Netw 35(3):154\u2013160","journal-title":"IEEE Netw"},{"issue":"1","key":"49_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A84","DOI":"10.1364\/JOCN.11.000A84","volume":"11","author":"F Paolucci","year":"2019","unstructured":"Paolucci F, Civerchia F, Sgambelluri A, Giorgetti A, Cugini F, Castoldi P (2019) P4 edge node enabling stateful traffic engineering and cyber security. J Opt Commun Netw 11(1):A84\u2013A95","journal-title":"J Opt Commun Netw"},{"key":"49_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10922-021-09633-5","volume":"30","author":"F Musumeci","year":"2022","unstructured":"Musumeci F, Fidanci AC, Paolucci F, Cugini F, Tornatore M (2022) Machine-learning-enabled ddos attacks detection in p4 programmable networks. J Netw Syst Manage 30:1\u201327","journal-title":"J Netw Syst Manage"},{"key":"49_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2023.109727","volume":"227","author":"F Alhamed","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alhamed F, Scano D, Castoldi P, Olmos JJV, Vershkov I, Paolucci F, Cugini F (2023) P4 telemetry collector. Comput Netw 227:109727","journal-title":"Comput Netw"},{"key":"49_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2023.04.010","volume":"146","author":"I Pelle","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pelle I, Paolucci F, Sonkoly B, Cugini F (2023) P4-assisted seamless migration of serverless applications towards the edge continuum. Futur Gener Comput Syst 146:122\u2013138","journal-title":"Futur Gener Comput Syst"},{"key":"49_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22637","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3249105","volume":"11","author":"D Scano","year":"2023","unstructured":"Scano D, Giorgetti A, Paolucci F, Sgambelluri A, Chammanara J, Rothman J, Al-Bado M, Marx E, Ahearne S, Cugini F (2023) Enabling p4 network telemetry in edge micro data centers with kubernetes orchestration. IEEE Access 11:22637\u201322653","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"9","key":"49_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D103","DOI":"10.1364\/JOCN.425891","volume":"13","author":"D Scano","year":"2021","unstructured":"Scano D, Paolucci F, Kondepu K, Sgambelluri A, Valcarenghi L, Cugini F (2021) Extending p4 in-band telemetry to user equipment for latency-and localization-aware autonomous networking with ai forecasting. J Opt Commun Netw 13(9):D103\u2013D114","journal-title":"J Opt Commun Netw"},{"issue":"1","key":"49_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A1","DOI":"10.1364\/JOCN.470118","volume":"15","author":"F Cugini","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cugini F, Scano D, Giorgetti A, Sgambelluri A, De Marinis L, Castoldi P, Paolucci F (2023) Telemetry and ai-based security p4 applications for optical networks. J Opt Commun Netw 15(1):A1\u2013A10","journal-title":"J Opt Commun Netw"},{"key":"49_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139567","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3012738","volume":"8","author":"F Hauser","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hauser F, H\u00e4berle M, Schmidt M, Menth M (2020) P4-ipsec: site-to-site and host-to-site vpn with ipsec in p4-based sdn. IEEE Access 8:139567\u2013139586","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"49_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34500","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3061763","volume":"9","author":"D Merling","year":"2021","unstructured":"Merling D, Lindner S, Menth M (2021) Hardware-based evaluation of scalable and resilient multicast with bier in p4. IEEE Access 9:34500\u201334514","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"49_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17525","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3246262","volume":"11","author":"S Lindner","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lindner S, H\u00e4berle M, Menth M (2023) P4tg: 1 tb\/s traffic generation for ethernet\/ip networks. IEEE Access 11:17525\u201317535","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"49_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56300","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3283428","volume":"11","author":"F Hauser","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hauser F, H\u00e4berle M, Menth M (2023) P4sec: Automated deployment of 802.1 X, IPsec, and MACsec network protection in P4-based SDN. IEEE Access 11:56300\u201356309","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"2","key":"49_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSM.2022.3233126","volume":"20","author":"S Lindner","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lindner S, Merling D, Menth M (2022) Learning Multicast Patterns for Efficient BIER Forwarding With P4. IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manag 20(2):1238\u20131253","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manag"},{"issue":"3","key":"49_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.107.2100643","volume":"37","author":"X Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen X, Liu H, Zhang D, Huang Q, Zhou H, Wu C, Yang Q (2022) Empowering ddos attack mitigation with programmable switches. IEEE Network 37(3):112\u2013117","journal-title":"IEEE Network"},{"issue":"2","key":"49_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1109\/TCC.2022.3149817","volume":"11","author":"X Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen X, Liu H, Zhang D, Meng Z, Huang Q, Zhou H, Wu C, Liu X, Yang Q (2022) Automatic performance-optimal offloading of network functions on programmable switches. IEEE Trans Cloud Comput 11(2):1591\u20131607","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Cloud Comput"},{"issue":"3","key":"49_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2022.3218446","volume":"31","author":"X Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen X, Liu H, Huang Q, Zhang D, Zhou H, Wu C, Liu X, Yang Q (2022) Toward Low-Latency and Accurate State Synchronization for Programmable Networks. IEEE\/ACM Trans Netw 31(3):1400\u20131415","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Trans Netw"},{"issue":"3","key":"49_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2023.3265984","volume":"25","author":"X Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen X, Wu C, Liu X, Huang Q, Zhang D, Zhou H, Yang Q, Khan MK (2023) Empowering network security with programmable switches: A comprehensive survey. IEEE Commun Surv Tutor 25(3):1653\u20131704","journal-title":"IEEE Commun Surv Tutor"},{"issue":"6","key":"49_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.001.2200287","volume":"61","author":"E Kfoury","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kfoury E, Crichigno J, Bou-Harb E (2023) P4tune: enabling programmability in non-programmable networks. IEEE Commun Mag 61(6):132\u2013138","journal-title":"IEEE Commun Mag"},{"issue":"12","key":"49_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2603","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2018.2871288","volume":"36","author":"PGK Patra","year":"2018","unstructured":"Patra PGK, Cesen FER, Mejia JS, Feferman DL, Csikor L, Rothenberg CE, Pongracz G (2018) Toward a sweet spot of data plane programmability, portability, and performance: On the scalability of multi-architecture p4 pipelines. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun 36(12):2603\u20132611","journal-title":"IEEE J Sel Areas Commun"},{"issue":"12","key":"49_CR40","first-page":"6921","volume":"22","author":"SK Singh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Singh SK, Rothenberg CE, Langlet J, Kassler A, V\u00f6r\u00f6s P, Laki S, Pongr\u00e1cz G (2022) Hybrid P4 programmable pipelines for 5G gNodeB and user plane functions. IEEE Trans Mob Comput 22(12):6921\u20136937","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Mob Comput"},{"issue":"3","key":"49_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3536","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSM.2022.3227065","volume":"20","author":"SK Singh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Singh SK, Rothenberg CE, Luizelli MC, Antichi G, Gomes PH, Pongr\u00e1cz G (2022) Hh-ipg: Leveraging inter-packet gap metrics in p4 hardware for heavy hitter detection. IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management 20(3):3536\u20133548","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management"},{"issue":"6","key":"49_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4019","DOI":"10.1109\/TDSC.2021.3116345","volume":"19","author":"D Ding","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ding D, Savi M, Siracusa D (2021) Tracking normalized network traffic entropy to detect ddos attacks in p4. IEEE Trans Dependable Secure Comput 19(6):4019\u20134031","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Dependable Secure Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"49_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSM.2020.2968979","volume":"17","author":"D Ding","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ding D, Savi M, Antichi G, Siracusa D (2020) An incrementally-deployable p4-enabled architecture for network-wide heavy-hitter detection. IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage 17(1):75\u201388","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage"},{"issue":"2","key":"49_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSM.2021.3073597","volume":"18","author":"D Ding","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ding D, Savi M, Pederzolli F, Campanella M, Siracusa D (2021) In-network volumetric ddos victim identification using programmable commodity switches. IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage 18(2):1191\u20131202","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage"},{"issue":"2","key":"49_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2020.3045293","volume":"29","author":"M Chiesa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chiesa M, Sedar R, Antichi G, Borokhovich M, Kamisi\u0144ski A, Nikolaidis G, Schmid S (2021) Fast reroute on programmable switches. IEEE\/ACM Trans Netw 29(2):637\u2013650","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Trans Netw"},{"issue":"2","key":"49_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1641","DOI":"10.1109\/TDSC.2022.3161015","volume":"20","author":"M Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang M, Li G, Kong X, Liu C, Xu M, Gu G, Wu J (2022) Nethcf: Filtering spoofed ip traffic with programmable switches. IEEE Trans Depend Secure Comput 20(2):1641\u20131655","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Depend Secure Comput"},{"issue":"4","key":"49_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2021.3062621","volume":"29","author":"G Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li G, Zhang M, Wang S, Liu C, Xu M, Chen A, Hu H, Gu G, Li Q, Wu J (2021) Enabling performant, flexible and cost-efficient ddos defense with programmable switches. IEEE\/ACM Trans Netw 29(4):1509\u20131526","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Trans Netw"},{"issue":"5","key":"49_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2021.3077652","volume":"29","author":"D Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang D, Zhou Y, Xi Z, Wang Y, Xu M, Wu J (2021) Hypertester: high-performance network testing driven by programmable switches. IEEE\/ACM Trans Netw 29(5):2005\u20132018","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Trans Netw"},{"issue":"2","key":"49_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1842","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSM.2022.3152017","volume":"19","author":"F Fejes","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fejes F, N\u00e1das S, Gombos G, Laki S (2022) Deepqos: core-stateless hierarchical qos in programmable switches. IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage 19(2):1842\u20131861","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage"},{"key":"49_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24935","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3255985","volume":"11","author":"C Gy\u00f6rgyi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gy\u00f6rgyi C, V\u00f6r\u00f6s P, Kecskem\u00e9ti K, Szab\u00f3 G, Laki S (2023) Adaptive network traffic reduction on the fly with programmable data planes. IEEE Access 11:24935\u201324944","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"4","key":"49_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s10922-023-09769-6","volume":"31","author":"LA Quintero Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2023","unstructured":"Quintero Gonz\u00e1lez LA, Castanheira L, Marques JA, Schaeffer-Filho AE, Paschoal Gaspary L (2023) Bungee-ml: a cross-plane approach for a collaborative defense against ddos attacks. J Netw Syst Manag 31(4):77","journal-title":"J Netw Syst Manag"},{"issue":"3","key":"49_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3121","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSM.2020.3048265","volume":"18","author":"Ilha A da Silveira","year":"2020","unstructured":"da Silveira Ilha A, Lapolli AC, Marques JA, Gaspary LP (2020) Euclid: A fully in-network, p4-based approach for real-time ddos attack detection and mitigation. IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manag 18(3):3121\u20133139","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manag"},{"key":"49_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13174-020-00131-6","volume":"11","author":"MVBD Silva","year":"2020","unstructured":"Silva MVBD, Marques JA, Gaspary LP, Granville LZ (2020) Identifying elephant flows using dynamic thresholds in programmable ixp networks. J Internet Serv Appl 11:1\u201312","journal-title":"J Internet Serv Appl"},{"key":"49_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2023.12.027","volume":"216","author":"VA Shirsath","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shirsath VA, Chandane MM, Lal C, Conti M (2024) Sparq: Syn protection using acyclic redundancy check and quartile range on p4 switches. Comput Commun 216:283\u2013294","journal-title":"Comput Commun"},{"issue":"15","key":"49_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5199","DOI":"10.3390\/s21155199","volume":"21","author":"A Atutxa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Atutxa A, Franco D, Sasiain J, Astorga J, Jacob E (2021) Achieving low latency communications in smart industrial networks with programmable data planes. Sensors 21(15):5199","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"4","key":"49_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4176","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSM.2022.3212913","volume":"19","author":"BM Xavier","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xavier BM, Guimar\u00e3es RS, Comarela G, Martinello M (2022) Map4: a pragmatic framework for in-network machine learning traffic classification. IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage 19(4):4176\u20134188","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage"},{"key":"49_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iot.2023.100695","volume":"22","author":"O Aky\u0131ld\u0131z","year":"2023","unstructured":"Aky\u0131ld\u0131z O, K\u00f6k \u0130, Okay FY, \u00d6zdemir S (2023) A p4-assisted task offloading scheme for fog networks: an intelligent transportation system scenario. Internet Things 22:100695","journal-title":"Internet Things"},{"issue":"2","key":"49_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1109\/MVT.2022.3225787","volume":"18","author":"Naresh Nayak","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nayak Naresh, Ambalavanan Uthra, Thampan Jishnu Murali, Grewe Dennis, Wagner Marco, Schildt Sebastian, Ott J\u00f6rg (2023) Reimagining automotive service-oriented communication: A case study on programmable data planes. IEEE Veh Technol Mag 18(2):69\u201379","journal-title":"IEEE Veh Technol Mag"},{"issue":"4","key":"49_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2490","DOI":"10.1109\/TSC.2023.3242072","volume":"16","author":"Xiaoquan Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang Xiaoquan, Cui Lin, Tso Fung Po, Jia Weijia (2023) Compiling service function chains via fine-grained composition in the programmable data plane. IEEE Trans Serv Comput 16(4):2490\u20132502","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Serv Comput"},{"key":"49_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2022.109537","volume":"222","author":"DC Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li DC, Maulana MR, Chou L-D (2023) Nnsplit-s\u00f8ren: supporting the model implementation of large neural networks in a programmable data plane. Comput Netw 222:109537","journal-title":"Comput Netw"},{"key":"49_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113061","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3104115","volume":"9","author":"M Dimolianis","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dimolianis M, Pavlidis A, Maglaris V (2021) Signature-based traffic classification and mitigation for ddos attacks using programmable network data planes. IEEE Access 9:113061\u2013113076","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"1","key":"49_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSM.2021.3054528","volume":"18","author":"A Laraba","year":"2021","unstructured":"Laraba A, Fran\u00e7ois J, Chowdhury SR, Chrisment I, Boutaba R (2021) Mitigating tcp protocol misuse with programmable data planes. IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage 18(1):760\u2013774","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage"},{"key":"49_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2021.108698","volume":"203","author":"A Febro","year":"2022","unstructured":"Febro A, Xiao H, Spring J, Christianson B (2022) Edge security for sip-enabled iot devices with p4. Comput Netw 203:108698","journal-title":"Comput Netw"},{"key":"49_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2022.109267","volume":"216","author":"A Febro","year":"2022","unstructured":"Febro A, Xiao H, Spring J, Christianson B (2022) Synchronizing ddos defense at network edge with p4, sdn, and blockchain. Comput Netw 216:109267","journal-title":"Comput Netw"},{"issue":"16","key":"49_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3552","DOI":"10.3390\/math11163552","volume":"11","author":"WI Khedr","year":"2023","unstructured":"Khedr WI, Gouda AE, Mohamed ER (2023) P4-hldmc: A novel framework for ddos and arp attack detection and mitigation in sd-iot networks using machine learning, stateful p4, and distributed multi-controller architecture. Mathematics 11(16):3552","journal-title":"Mathematics"},{"issue":"6","key":"49_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2955","DOI":"10.3390\/s23062955","volume":"23","author":"A Al Sadi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Al Sadi A, Mazzocca C, Melis A, Montanari R, Prandini M, Romandini N (2023) P-iota: a cloud-based geographically distributed threat alert system that leverages p4 and iota. Sensors 23(6):2955","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"1","key":"49_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1007\/s10922-022-09714-z","volume":"31","author":"D Smyth","year":"2023","unstructured":"Smyth D, Scott-Hayward S, Cionca V, McSweeney S, O\u2019Shea D (2023) Secap switch-defeating topology poisoning attacks using p4 data planes. J Netw Syst Manage 31(1):28","journal-title":"J Netw Syst Manage"},{"issue":"1","key":"49_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s10922-023-09777-6","volume":"32","author":"SS Reddy","year":"2024","unstructured":"Reddy SS, Nishoak K, Shreya J, Reddy YV, Venkanna U (2024) A p4-based adversarial attack mitigation on machine learning models in data plane devices. J Netw Syst Manage 32(1):5","journal-title":"J Netw Syst Manage"},{"key":"49_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2023.109802","volume":"231","author":"ME \u015eahin","year":"2023","unstructured":"\u015eahin ME, Demirci M (2023) Conpoolubf: connection pooling and updatable bloom filter based syn flood defense in programmable data planes. Comput Netw 231:109802","journal-title":"Comput Netw"},{"key":"49_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kfoury E, Crichigno J, Bou-Harb E (2023) P4BS: Leveraging Passive Measurements from P4 Switches to Dynamically Modify a Router\u2019s Buffer Size. IEEE Trans Netw Serv Mange 21(2):1082\u20131099","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSM.2023.3306335"},{"issue":"1","key":"49_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1049\/ntw2.12067","volume":"12","author":"S Hou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hou S, Hu Y, Tian L (2023) Named data network dynamic cache placement strategy based on programmable data plane. IET Netw 12(1):27\u201335","journal-title":"IET Netw"},{"key":"49_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2023.07.003","volume":"209","author":"N Kr\u00f6ger","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kr\u00f6ger N, Mehmeti F, Harkous H, Kellerer W (2023) Performance analysis of general p4 forwarding devices with controller feedback: Single-and multi-data plane cases. Comput Commun 209:102\u2013119","journal-title":"Comput Commun"},{"key":"49_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2019.05.008","volume":"142","author":"S-Y Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang S-Y, Wu C-M, Lin Y-B, Huang C-C (2019) High-speed data-plane packet aggregation and disaggregation by p4 switches. J Netw Comput Appl 142:98\u2013110","journal-title":"J Netw Comput Appl"},{"issue":"3","key":"49_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics8030280","volume":"8","author":"J Geng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Geng J, Yan J, Zhang Y (2019) P4qcn: congestion control using p4-capable device in data center networks. Electronics 8(3):280","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"key":"49_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2020.102676","volume":"165","author":"S-Y Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang S-Y, Li J-Y, Lin Y-B (2020) Aggregating and disaggregating packets with various sizes of payload in p4 switches at 100 gbps line rate. J Netw Comput Appl 165:102676","journal-title":"J Netw Comput Appl"},{"issue":"3","key":"49_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2846","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSM.2020.3030102","volume":"18","author":"H Harkous","year":"2020","unstructured":"Harkous H, Jarschel M, He M, Pries R, Kellerer W (2020) P8: P4 with predictable packet processing performance. IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage 18(3):2846\u20132859","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage"},{"key":"49_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94122","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3092281","volume":"9","author":"PR Torres","year":"2021","unstructured":"Torres PR, Garc\u00eda-Mart\u00ednez A, Bagnulo M, Ribeiro EP (2021) An elephant in the room: using sampling for detecting heavy-hitters in programmable switches. IEEE Access 9:94122\u201394131","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"1","key":"49_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2021.3113370","volume":"30","author":"T Barbette","year":"2021","unstructured":"Barbette T, Wu E, Kosti\u0107 D, Maguire GQ, Papadimitratos P, Chiesa M (2021) Cheetah: a high-speed programmable load-balancer framework with guaranteed per-connection-consistency. IEEE\/ACM Trans Netw 30(1):354\u2013367","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Trans Netw"},{"issue":"4","key":"49_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4353","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSM.2021.3094514","volume":"18","author":"X Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang X, Cui L, Tso FP, Jia W (2021) pheavy: predicting heavy flows in the programmable data plane. IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage 18(4):4353\u20134364","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage"},{"issue":"6","key":"49_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nem.2162","volume":"31","author":"Y-Z Cai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cai Y-Z, Lin T-Y, Wang Y-T, Tuan Y-P, Tsai M-H (2021) E-replacement: efficient scanner data collection method in p4-based software-defined networks. Int J Netw Manage 31(6):e2162","journal-title":"Int J Netw Manage"},{"key":"49_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2022.109214","volume":"216","author":"D Bhamare","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bhamare D, Kassler A, Vestin J, Khoshkholghi MA, Taheri J, Mahmoodi T, \u00d6hl\u00e9n P, Curescu C (2022) Intopt: in-band network telemetry optimization framework to monitor network slices using p4. Comput Netw 216:109214","journal-title":"Comput Netw"},{"issue":"12","key":"49_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4411","DOI":"10.3390\/s22124411","volume":"22","author":"A Al Sadi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Al Sadi A, Berardi D, Callegati F, Melis A, Prandini M (2022) P4dm: measure the link delay with p4. Sensors 22(12):4411","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"49_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2022.109210","volume":"215","author":"DD Robin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Robin DD, Khan JI (2022) P4te: Pisa switch based traffic engineering in fat-tree data center networks. Comput Netw 215:109210","journal-title":"Comput Netw"},{"issue":"1","key":"49_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-021-08459-4","volume":"122","author":"J Geng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Geng J (2022) Dci-nacc: flow scheduling and congestion control based on programmable data plane in high-performance data center networks. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 122(1):51\u201363","journal-title":"Int J Adv Manuf Technol"},{"key":"49_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2022.109274","volume":"216","author":"H Miura","year":"2022","unstructured":"Miura H, Hirata K, Tachibana T (2022) P4-based design of fast failure recovery for software-defined networks. Comput Netw 216:109274","journal-title":"Comput Netw"},{"issue":"3","key":"49_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3290","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSM.2022.3159232","volume":"19","author":"Y-W Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen Y-W, Li C-Y, Tseng C-C, Hu M-Z (2022) P4-tins: P4-driven traffic isolation for network slicing with bandwidth guarantee and management. IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage 19(3):3290\u20133303","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage"},{"issue":"3","key":"49_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2020.2982739","volume":"28","author":"RB Basat","year":"2020","unstructured":"Basat RB, Chen X, Einziger G, Rottenstreich O (2020) Designing heavy-hitter detection algorithms for programmable switches. IEEE\/ACM Trans Netw 28(3):1172\u20131185","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Trans Netw"},{"key":"49_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2020.102806","volume":"171","author":"S Yang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yang S, Bai L, Cui L, Ming Z, Wu Y, Yu S, Shen H, Pan Y (2020) An efficient pipeline processing scheme for programming protocol-independent packet processors. J Netw Comput Appl 171:102806","journal-title":"J Netw Comput Appl"},{"key":"49_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23440","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2970683","volume":"8","author":"Z Cao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cao Z, Su H, Yang Q, Shen J, Wen M, Zhang C (2020) P4 to fpga-a fast approach for generating efficient network processors. IEEE Access 8:23440\u201323456","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"15","key":"49_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2399","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics11152399","volume":"11","author":"A Ebrahim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ebrahim A (2022) High-level design optimizations for implementing data stream sketch frequency estimators on fpgas. Electronics 11(15):2399","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"key":"49_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpro.2017.10.012","volume":"56","author":"P Ben\u00e1\u010dek","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ben\u00e1\u010dek P, Pu\u0161 V, Kub\u00e1tov\u00e1 H, \u010cejka T (2018) P4-to-vhdl: automatic generation of high-speed input and output network blocks. Microprocess Microsyst 56:22\u201333","journal-title":"Microprocess Microsyst"},{"key":"49_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61422","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3286726","volume":"11","author":"Mostafa Elbediwy","year":"2023","unstructured":"Elbediwy Mostafa, Pontikakis Bill, David Jean-Pierre, Savaria Yvon (2023) A Hardware Architecture of a Dynamic Ranking Packet Scheduler for Programmable Network Devices. IEEE Access 11:61422\u201361436","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"11","key":"49_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2376","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics12112376","volume":"12","author":"A Ebrahim","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ebrahim A (2023) Finding the top-k heavy hitters in data streams: a reconfigurable accelerator based on an fpga-optimized algorithm. Electronics 12(11):2376","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"issue":"1","key":"49_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nem.2134","volume":"31","author":"R Kundel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kundel R, Nobach L, Blendin J, Maas W, Zimber A, Kolbe H-J, Schyguda G, Gurevich V, Hark R, Koldehofe B et al (2021) Openbng: central office network functions on programmable data plane hardware. Int J Netw Manage 31(1):e2134","journal-title":"Int J Netw Manage"},{"issue":"8","key":"49_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.3390\/mi14081560","volume":"14","author":"Y Sun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sun Y, Guo Z (2023) The design of a dynamic configurable packet parser based on fpga. Micromachines 14(8):1560","journal-title":"Micromachines"},{"key":"49_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpro.2019.102910","volume":"72","author":"H Zolfaghari","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zolfaghari H, Rossi D, Nurmi J (2020) A custom processor for protocol-independent packet parsing. Microprocess Microsyst 72:102910","journal-title":"Microprocess Microsyst"},{"key":"49_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpro.2019.102950","volume":"73","author":"M Kekely","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kekely M, Kekely L, Ko\u0159enek J (2020) General memory efficient packet matching fpga architecture for future high-speed networks. Microprocess Microsyst 73:102950","journal-title":"Microprocess Microsyst"},{"issue":"1","key":"49_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSM.2022.3207227","volume":"20","author":"X Tang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tang X, Zeng X, Song L (2022) Accelerating protocol oblivious forwarding programmable data plane with flow cache. IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage 20(1):578\u2013594","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage"},{"issue":"4","key":"49_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2953","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-021-03501-2","volume":"25","author":"S Shakeri","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shakeri S, Veen L, Grosso P (2022) Multi-domain network infrastructure based on p4 programmable devices for digital data marketplaces. Clust Comput 25(4):2953\u20132966","journal-title":"Clust Comput"},{"issue":"3","key":"49_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3612","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSM.2023.3242222","volume":"20","author":"Ting-Shan Wong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wong Ting-Shan, Lee Steven SW (2023) Design of an in-band control plane for automatic bootstrapping and fast failure recovery in p4 networks. IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage 20(3):3612\u20133629","journal-title":"IEEE TTrans Netw Serv Manage"},{"key":"49_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20391","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3055462","volume":"9","author":"P Manzanares-Lopez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Manzanares-Lopez P, Mu\u00f1oz-Gea JP, Malgosa-Sanahuja J (2021) Passive in-band network telemetry systems: the potential of programmable data plane on network-wide telemetry. IEEE Access 9:20391\u201320409","journal-title":"IEEE Access"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Networked and Distributed Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44227-024-00049-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s44227-024-00049-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44227-024-00049-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]],"date-time":"2025-09-06T04:25:46Z","timestamp":1757132746000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s44227-024-00049-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,22]]},"references-count":101,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["49"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s44227-024-00049-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-7938","2211-7946"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-7938","type":"print"},{"value":"2211-7946","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 November 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 December 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no known competing personal or financial interests that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"8"}}