{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T05:40:56Z","timestamp":1780638056776,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]],"date-time":"2024-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721865600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]],"date-time":"2024-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Process Sci"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Process science is the interdisciplinary study of socio-technical processes. Socio-technical processes involve coherent series of changes over time, entailing actions and events that include humans and digital technologies. The ubiquitous availability of digital trace data, combined with advanced data analytics capabilities, offer new and unprecedented opportunities to study such processes through multiple data sources. Process science is concerned with describing, explaining, and intervening in socio-technical change. It is based on four key principles; it (1) puts socio-technical processes at the center of attention, (2) investigates socio-technical processes scientifically, (3) embraces perspectives of multiple disciplines, and (4) aims to create impact by actively shaping the unfolding of socio-technical processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s44311-024-00001-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]],"date-time":"2024-07-25T10:02:41Z","timestamp":1721901761000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Process science: the interdisciplinary study of socio-technical change"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"1","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0071-3719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan vom","family":"Brocke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0955-6940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wil M. P.","family":"van der Aalst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1403-4696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas","family":"Berente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3978-6464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Boudewijn","family":"van Dongen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6126-1488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Grisold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1607-590X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Waldemar","family":"Kremser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7260-524X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Mendling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7526-2476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian T.","family":"Pentland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4743-4511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maximilian","family":"Roeglinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3303-2896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Rosemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6004-4860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.so.21.080195.000521","volume":"21","author":"A Abbott","year":"1995","unstructured":"Abbott A (1995) Sequence analysis: new methods for old ideas. Ann Rev Sociol 21(1):93\u2013113","journal-title":"Ann Rev Sociol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1177\/1094428118791018","volume":"23","author":"O Akemu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Akemu O, Abdelnour S (2020) Confronting the digital: Doing ethnography in modern organizational settings. Organ Res Methods 23(2):296\u2013321","journal-title":"Organ Res Methods"},{"key":"1_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Augusto A, Conforti R, Dumas M, La Rosa M, Maggi FM, Marrella A, . . . Soo A (2018) Automated discovery of process models from event logs: Review and benchmark. IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng 31(4): 686\u2013705","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2018.2841877"},{"issue":"1","key":"1_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.25300\/MISQ\/2021\/15887","volume":"45","author":"MR Baygi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Baygi MR, Introna LD, Hultin L (2021) Everthing flows: Studying continuous socio-technical transformation in a fluid and dynamic digital world. MIS Q 45(1):423\u2013452","journal-title":"MIS Q"},{"issue":"1","key":"1_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.2018.0774","volume":"30","author":"N Berente","year":"2019","unstructured":"Berente N, Seidel S, Safadi H (2019) Data-driven computationally-intensive theory development. Inf Syst Res 30(1):50\u201364","journal-title":"Inf Syst Res"},{"key":"1_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Blagoev B, Hernes T, Kunisch S, Schultz M (2024) Time as a Research Lens: A Conceptual Review and Research Agenda.\u00a0J\u00a0Manag\u00a050(6):2152\u20132196. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/01492063231215032","DOI":"10.1177\/01492063231215032"},{"issue":"3","key":"1_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8551.00128","volume":"10","author":"R Chia","year":"1999","unstructured":"Chia R (1999) A \u2018rhizomic\u2019model of organizational change and transformation: perspective from a metaphysics of change. Br J Manag 10(3):209\u2013227","journal-title":"Br J Manag"},{"issue":"1","key":"1_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csi.2011.06.002","volume":"34","author":"M Chinosi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chinosi M, Trombetta A (2012) BPMN: An introduction to the standard. Comput Stand Inter 34(1):124\u2013134","journal-title":"Comput Stand Inter"},{"issue":"1","key":"1_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/2631787720902473","volume":"1","author":"C Cloutier","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cloutier C, Langley A (2020) What makes a process theoretical contribution? Organization Theory 1(1):1\u201332","journal-title":"Organization Theory"},{"key":"1_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781316212530","volume-title":"Social Sequence Analysis - Methods and Applications","author":"B Cornwell","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cornwell B (2015) Social Sequence Analysis - Methods and Applications. Cambridge University Press, New York, NY"},{"key":"1_CR11","volume-title":"Harvard Business Review","author":"TH Davenport","year":"2019","unstructured":"Davenport TH, Spanyi A (2019) What process mining is, and why companies should do it. Harvard Business Review"},{"key":"1_CR12","volume-title":"The public and its problems. an essay in political inquiry","author":"J Dewey","year":"1946","unstructured":"Dewey J (1946) The public and its problems. an essay in political inquiry. Gateway Books, Chicago, US"},{"key":"1_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dumas M, La Rosa M, Mendling J, Reijers HA (2018) Fundamentals of business process management (Second Edition ed.): Springer,\u00a0Berlin","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-56509-4"},{"issue":"3","key":"1_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.2016.1070","volume":"27","author":"MS Feldman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Feldman MS, Pentland BT, D\u2019Adderio L, Lazaric N (2016) Beyond routines as things: Introduction to the special issue on routine dynamics. Organ Sci 27(3):505\u2013513","journal-title":"Organ Sci"},{"key":"1_CR15","unstructured":"Fowler M (2004) UML distilled: a brief guide to the standard object modeling language. Addison-Wesley Professional,\u00a0Reading, Mass"},{"issue":"1","key":"1_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1080\/08838151.2013.875018","volume":"58","author":"D Freelon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Freelon D (2014) On the interpretation of digital trace data in communication and social computing research. J Broadcast Electron Media 58(1):59\u201375","journal-title":"J Broadcast Electron Media"},{"issue":"35","key":"1_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20977","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2012824117","volume":"117","author":"W Gaieck","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gaieck W, Lawrence J, Montchal M, Pandori W, Valdez-Ward E (2020) Opinion: Science policy for scientists: a simple task for great effect. Proc Natl Acad Sci 117(35):20977\u201320981","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"1_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1880","DOI":"10.5465\/amj.2016.4007","volume":"59","author":"G George","year":"2016","unstructured":"George G, Howard-Grenville J, Joshi A, Tihanyi L (2016) Understanding and tackling societal grand challenges through management research. Acad Manag J 59(6):1880\u20131895","journal-title":"Acad Manag J"},{"issue":"1","key":"1_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1177\/02683962231208724","volume":"39","author":"T Grisold","year":"2024","unstructured":"Grisold T, Kremser W, Mendling J, Recker J, Vom Brocke J, Wurm B (2024) Generating impactful situated explanations through digital trace data. J Inf Technol 39(1):2\u201318","journal-title":"J Inf Technol"},{"key":"1_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grisold T, Wurm B, Mendling J, vom Brocke J (2020) Using process mining to support theorizing about change in organizations. Paper presented at the 53rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Maui, US","DOI":"10.24251\/HICSS.2020.675"},{"issue":"2","key":"1_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1002\/pan3.10079","volume":"2","author":"T Hertz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hertz T, Garcia MM, Schl\u00fcter M (2020) From nouns to verbs: How process ontologies enhance our understanding of social-ecological systems understood as complex adaptive systems. People and Nature 2(2):328\u2013338","journal-title":"People and Nature"},{"key":"1_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hevner AR, March ST, Park J, Ram S (2004) Design Science in Information Systems Research. MIS Q 28:75\u2013105","DOI":"10.2307\/25148625"},{"key":"1_CR23","unstructured":"Judd S, Stephenson T (2002) Process science and engineering for water and wastewater treatment. IWA Publishing,\u00a0London"},{"key":"1_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kerpedzhiev GD, K\u00f6nig UM, R\u00f6glinger M et al\u00a0(2021) An Exploration into Future Business Process Management Capabilities in View of Digitalization. Bus Inf Syst Eng 63:83\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12599-020-00637-0","DOI":"10.1007\/s12599-020-00637-0"},{"key":"1_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Langley A, Tsoukas H (2017) The SAGE handbook of process organization studies. Sage,\u00a0Los Angeles, London, Dew Delhi, Singapore, Washington, DC, Melbourne","DOI":"10.4135\/9781473957954"},{"key":"1_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lazer D, Pentland A, Adamic L, Aral S, Barab\u00e1si AL, Brewer D, . . . Gutmann M (2009) Computational social science. Science 323(5915):721\u2013723","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1167742"},{"key":"1_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lazer D, Pentland A, Watts DJ, Aral S, Athey S, Contractor N, . . . Margetts H (2020). Computational social science: obstacles and opportunities. Science 369(6507):1060\u20131062","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaz8170"},{"issue":"1","key":"1_CR28","first-page":"92","volume":"6","author":"RTA Leenders","year":"2016","unstructured":"Leenders RTA, Contractor NS, DeChurch LA (2016) Once upon a time: Understanding team processes as relational event networks. Organ Psychol Rev 6(1):92\u2013115","journal-title":"Organ Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"12","key":"1_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1177\/0170840620970728","volume":"41","author":"P Leonardi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Leonardi P, Treem J (2020) Behavioral visibility: A new paradigm for organization studies in the age of digitization, digitalization, and datafication. Organ Stud 41(12):1601\u20131625","journal-title":"Organ Stud"},{"issue":"1","key":"1_CR30","first-page":"90","volume":"21","author":"A Lindberg","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lindberg A (2020) Developing theory through integrating human & machine pattern recognition. J Assoc Inf Syst 21(1):90\u2013116","journal-title":"J Assoc Inf Syst"},{"key":"1_CR31","unstructured":"Malinova M, Gross S, Mendling J (2019)\u00a0Researching Information Systems Methods using Method Mining-A Case Study on Process Improvement Methods. Paper presented at the Fortieth International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS), Munich, Germany"},{"issue":"4","key":"1_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.25300\/MISQ\/2018\/12903","volume":"42","author":"ML Markus","year":"2018","unstructured":"Markus ML, Rowe F (2018) Is IT changing the world? Conceptions of causality for information systems theorizing. MIS Q 42(4):1255\u20131280","journal-title":"MIS Q"},{"issue":"3","key":"1_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1080\/0960085X.2020.1755207","volume":"29","author":"J Mendling","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mendling J, Pentland BT, Recker J (2020) Building a complementary agenda for business process management and digital innovation. Eur J Inf Syst 29(3):208\u2013219","journal-title":"Eur J Inf Syst"},{"issue":"2","key":"1_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1145\/3462766.3462773","volume":"52","author":"J Mendling","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mendling J, Berente N, Seidel S, Grisold T (2021) Pluralism and pragmatism in the information systems field: the case of research on business processes and organizational routines. Data Base Adv Inform Syst 52(2):127\u2013140","journal-title":"Data Base Adv Inform Syst"},{"key":"1_CR35","unstructured":"Mendling J, Leopold H, Meyerhenke H, Depaire B (2023) Methodology of Algorithm Engineering. arXiv report 2310.18979"},{"key":"1_CR36","unstructured":"Mendling J (2016) From scientific process management to process science: towards an empirical research agenda for business process management. Paper presented at the ZEUS"},{"issue":"2","key":"1_CR37","first-page":"iii","volume":"46","author":"S Miranda","year":"2022","unstructured":"Miranda S, Berente N, Seidel S, Safadi H, Burton-Jones A (2022) Editor\u2019s comments: computationally intensive theory construction: a primer for authors and reviewers. Manag Inform Syst Q 46(2):iii\u2013xviii","journal-title":"Manag Inform Syst Q"},{"key":"1_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nicholson DJ, Dupr\u00e9 J (2018) Everything flows: towards a processual philosophy of biology. Oxford University Press,\u00a0Oxford","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198779636.001.0001"},{"key":"1_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oliver N, Lepri B, Sterly H, Lambiotte R, Deletaille S, De Nadai M, . . . Cattuto C (2020) Mobile phone data for informing public health actions across the COVID-19 pandemic life cycle. Science 6(23):1\u20136","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abc0764"},{"issue":"3","key":"1_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infoandorg.2017.06.001","volume":"27","author":"BT Pentland","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pentland BT, Pentland AP, Calantone RJ (2017) Bracketing off the actors: towards an action-centric research agenda. Inf Organ 27(3):137\u2013143","journal-title":"Inf Organ"},{"issue":"5","key":"1_CR41","first-page":"1214","volume":"21","author":"BT Pentland","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pentland BT, Recker J, Ryan Wolf J, Wyner G (2020) Bringing context inside process research with digital trace data. J Assoc Inf Syst 21(5):1214\u20131236","journal-title":"J Assoc Inf Syst"},{"issue":"2","key":"1_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.25300\/MISQ\/2021\/15360","volume":"45","author":"BT Pentland","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pentland BT, Vaast E, Ryan Wolf J (2021) Theorizing process dynamics with directed graphs: a diachronic analysis of digital trace data. MIS Q 45(2):967\u2013984","journal-title":"MIS Q"},{"issue":"4","key":"1_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/S0956-5221(97)00020-1","volume":"13","author":"AM Pettigrew","year":"1997","unstructured":"Pettigrew AM (1997) What is a processual analysis? Scand Manag J 13(4):337\u2013348","journal-title":"Scand Manag J"},{"key":"1_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Poll R, Polyvyanyy A, Rosemann M, R\u00f6glinger M, Rupprecht L (2018) Process forecasting: Towards proactive business process management. Paper presented at the International Conference on Business Process Management","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-98648-7_29"},{"key":"1_CR45","volume-title":"Process metaphysics: An introduction to process philosophy","author":"N Rescher","year":"1995","unstructured":"Rescher N (1995) Process metaphysics: An introduction to process philosophy. State University of New York press, New York"},{"key":"1_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rescher N (2000) Process philosophy: a survey of basic issues. University of Pittsburgh Pre,\u00a0Pittsburgh, PA","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctt6wrc3b"},{"key":"1_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-018-06038-4","volume":"560","author":"J Rosen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rosen J (2018) Help to shape policy with your science. Nature 560:671\u2013673","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"1_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.25300\/MISQ\/2019\/13747","volume":"43","author":"S Sarker","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sarker S, Chatterjee S, Xiao X, Elbanna A (2019) The sociotechnical axis of cohesion for the IS discipline: its historical legacy and its continued relevance. MIS Q 43(3):695\u2013720","journal-title":"MIS Q"},{"issue":"4","key":"1_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.5465\/amj.2019.4004","volume":"62","author":"Z Simsek","year":"2019","unstructured":"Simsek Z, Vaara E, Paruchuri S, Nadkarni S, Shaw JD (2019) New ways of seeing big data. Acad Manag J 62(4):971\u2013978","journal-title":"Acad Manag J"},{"key":"1_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2017.05.066","volume":"80","author":"J Song","year":"2017","unstructured":"Song J, Sun Y, Jin L (2017) PESTEL analysis of the development of the waste-to-energy incineration industry in China. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 80:276\u2013289","journal-title":"Renew Sustain Energy Rev"},{"key":"1_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/9780230392830","volume-title":"Self-reinforcing processes in and among organizations","author":"J Sydow","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sydow J, Schrey\u00f6gg G (2013) Self-reinforcing processes in and among organizations. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, UK"},{"issue":"1","key":"1_CR52","first-page":"455","volume":"45","author":"M Tremblay","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tremblay M, Kohli N, Forsgren N (2021) Theories in flux: reimagining theory building in the age of machine learning. MIS Q 45(1):455\u2013459","journal-title":"MIS Q"},{"issue":"5","key":"1_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.13.5.567.7810","volume":"13","author":"H Tsoukas","year":"2002","unstructured":"Tsoukas H, Chia R (2002) On organizational becoming: Rethinking organizational change. Organ Sci 13(5):567\u2013582","journal-title":"Organ Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8551.2005.00437.x","volume":"16","author":"JE Van Aken","year":"2005","unstructured":"Van Aken JE (2005) Management research as a design science: Articulating the research products of mode 2 knowledge production in management. Br J Manag 16(1):19\u201336","journal-title":"Br J Manag"},{"issue":"3","key":"1_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.2307\/258786","volume":"20","author":"AH Van de Ven","year":"1995","unstructured":"Van de Ven AH, Poole MS (1995) Explaining development and change in organizations. Acad Manag Rev 20(3):510\u2013540","journal-title":"Acad Manag Rev"},{"key":"1_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-49851-4","volume-title":"Process Mining - Data Science in Action","author":"WM Van Der Aalst","year":"2016","unstructured":"Van Der Aalst WM (2016) Process Mining - Data Science in Action. Springer, Heidelberg"},{"key":"1_CR57","unstructured":"van der Aalst WM, Adriansyah A, De Medeiros AKA, Arcieri F, Baier T, Blickle T, . . . Buijs J (2011) Process mining manifesto. Paper presented at the International Conference on Business Process Management"},{"issue":"6","key":"1_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1109\/TSC.2015.2493732","volume":"8","author":"WM Van der Aalst","year":"2015","unstructured":"Van der Aalst WM, Damiani E (2015) Processes meet big data: Connecting data science with process science. IEEE Trans Serv Comput 8(6):810\u2013819","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Serv Comput"},{"issue":"11","key":"1_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2008.12.026","volume":"100","author":"C Velis","year":"2009","unstructured":"Velis C, Longhurst PJ, Drew GH, Smith R, Pollard SJ (2009) Biodrying for mechanical\u2013biological treatment of wastes: A review of process science and engineering. Biores Technol 100(11):2747\u20132761","journal-title":"Biores Technol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"1_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2006.12.032","volume":"109","author":"K Vergidis","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vergidis K, Tiwari A, Majeed B, Roy R (2007) Optimisation of business process designs: an algorithmic approach with multiple objectives. Int J Prod Econ 109(1\u20132):105\u2013121","journal-title":"Int J Prod Econ"},{"issue":"4","key":"1_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2575.1993.tb00127.x","volume":"3","author":"Y Wand","year":"1993","unstructured":"Wand Y, Weber R (1993) On the ontological expressiveness of information systems analysis and design grammars. Inf Syst J 3(4):217\u2013237","journal-title":"Inf Syst J"}],"container-title":["Process Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44311-024-00001-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s44311-024-00001-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44311-024-00001-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]],"date-time":"2024-09-26T14:04:54Z","timestamp":1727359494000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s44311-024-00001-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s44311-024-00001-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["2948-2178"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2948-2178","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 July 2024","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1"}}