{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T14:45:51Z","timestamp":1782485151153,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774396800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":93,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"the special funding for basic research operational expenses at provincial undergraduate universities in Liaoning Province","award":["LJ212410152020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LJ212410152020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. King Saud Univ. Comput. Inf. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s44443-026-00670-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T14:55:59Z","timestamp":1774450559000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Optimizing coverage and robustness in edge service placement: a weighted Tchebycheff approach under cost constraints"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Song","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunlong","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Run","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenyu","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuemei","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"670_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aryal RG, Altmann J (2018) Dynamic application deployment in federations of clouds and edge resources using a multiobjective optimization ai algorithm. In: International Conference on Fog and Mobile Edge Computing (FMEC), Barcelona, Spain, pp 147\u2013154","DOI":"10.1109\/FMEC.2018.8364057"},{"key":"670_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ayoubi M, Li M, Enayat J et al (2025) An adaptive composite service deployment in mobile edge computing using mlp-based dqn. Cluster Comput 28(12). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10586-025-05370-5","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-025-05370-5"},{"key":"670_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80543","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3300658","volume":"11","author":"E Badidi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Badidi E, Moumane K, Ghazi FE (2023) Opportunities, applications, and challenges of edge-ai enabled video analytics in smart cities: a systematic review. IEEE Access 11:80543\u201380572","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"670_CR4","first-page":"184","volume-title":"IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing (CLOUD)","author":"F Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen F, Zhou J, Xia X et al (2020) Optimal application deployment in mobile edge computing environment. IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing (CLOUD). Beijing, China, pp 184\u2013192"},{"issue":"6","key":"670_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3946","DOI":"10.1109\/TSC.2023.3296742","volume":"16","author":"F Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen F, Zhou J, Xia X et al (2023) Joint optimization of coverage and reliability for application placement in mobile edge computing. IEEE Trans Serv Comput 16(6):3946\u20133957. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TSC.2023.3296742","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Serv Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"670_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s11227-024-06609-5","volume":"81","author":"Y Chen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chen Y, Ran F, Jin X et al (2025) Robust service deployment for edge computing in industrial internet with joint profit awareness and multi-server collaboration. J Supercomput 81(1):81\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11227-024-06609-5","journal-title":"J Supercomput"},{"issue":"1","key":"670_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSM.2023.3290137","volume":"21","author":"J Cheng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cheng J, Nguyen DT, Bhargava VK (2023) Resilient edge service placement under demand and node failure uncertainties. IEEE Trans Netw Service Manage 21(1):558\u2013573. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TNSM.2023.3290137","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Netw Service Manage"},{"issue":"3","key":"670_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2178","DOI":"10.1109\/TCC.2020.3008440","volume":"10","author":"G Cui","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cui G, He Q, Chen F et al (2020) Trading off between user coverage and network robustness for edge server placement. IEEE Trans Cloud Comput 10(3):2178\u20132189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TCC.2020.3008440","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Cloud Comput"},{"key":"670_CR9","first-page":"81","volume-title":"International Conference on Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing (CCGRID)","author":"G Cui","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cui G, He Q, Xia X et al (2020) Robustness-oriented k edge server placement. In: Melbourne VIC (ed) International Conference on Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing (CCGRID). Australia, pp 81\u201390"},{"issue":"5","key":"670_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1907","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2020.2970698","volume":"20","author":"S Deng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Deng S, Xiang Z, Taheri J et al (2020) Optimal application deployment in resource constrained distributed edges. IEEE Trans Mobile Comput 20(5):1907\u20131923. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TMC.2020.2970698","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Mobile Comput"},{"issue":"2","key":"670_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-023-03520-4","volume":"30","author":"L Du","year":"2024","unstructured":"Du L, Huo R, Sun C et al (2024) Adaptive joint placement of edge intelligence services in mobile edge computing. Wireless Netw 30(2):799\u2013817. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11276-023-03520-4","journal-title":"Wireless Netw"},{"issue":"6","key":"670_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6194","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSE.2024.3477453","volume":"11","author":"J Fang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fang J, Wu S, Lu S et al (2024) Enhanced profit-driven optimization for flexible server deployment and service placement in multi-user mobile edge computing systems. IEEE Trans Netw Sci Eng 11(6):6194\u20136206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TNSE.2024.3477453","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Netw Sci Eng"},{"issue":"5","key":"670_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4514","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2018.2790421","volume":"67","author":"H Guo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Guo H, Liu J (2018) Collaborative computation offloading for multiaccess edge computing over fiber-wireless networks. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 67(5):4514\u20134526. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TVT.2018.2790421","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Veh Technol"},{"issue":"1","key":"670_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3827","DOI":"10.1109\/TCE.2024.3357530","volume":"70","author":"MK Hasan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hasan MK, Jahan N, Nazri MZA et al (2024) Federated learning for computational offloading and resource management of vehicular edge computing in 6g\u2013v2x network. IEEE Trans Consum Electron 70(1):3827\u20133847","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Consum Electron"},{"key":"670_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kayser C, Dias de Assun\u00e7\u00e3o M, Ferreto T (2024) Lapse: Latency & power-aware placement of data stream applications on edge computing. In: Proceedings of the 14th international conference on cloud computing and services science (CLOSER). SCITEPRESS, Angers, France, pp 358\u2013366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5220\/0012737400003711","DOI":"10.5220\/0012737400003711"},{"key":"670_CR16","first-page":"12","volume-title":"International Conference on Service-Oriented Computing (ICSOC)","author":"P Lai","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lai P, He Q, Abdelrazek M et al (2018) Optimal edge user allocation in edge computing with variable sized vector bin packing. International Conference on Service-Oriented Computing (ICSOC). Hangzhou, China, pp 12\u201315"},{"issue":"3","key":"670_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1746","DOI":"10.1109\/TSC.2020.3015316","volume":"15","author":"B Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li B, He Q, Cui G et al (2020) Read: Robustness-oriented edge application deployment in edge computing environment. IEEE Trans Serv Comput 15(3):1746\u20131759. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TSC.2020.3015316","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Serv Comput"},{"issue":"3","key":"670_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1145\/3579852","volume":"19","author":"J Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li J, Guo D, Xie J et al (2023) Availability-aware provision of service function chains in mobile edge computing. ACM Trans Sens Netw 19(3):57. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3579852","journal-title":"ACM Trans Sens Netw"},{"issue":"6","key":"670_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3850","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2018.2816942","volume":"17","author":"J Mei","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mei J, Zheng K, Zhao L et al (2018) A latency and reliability guaranteed resource allocation scheme for lte v2v communication systems. IEEE Trans Wireless Commun 17(6):3850\u20133860. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TWC.2018.2816942","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Wireless Commun"},{"key":"670_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vehcom.2018.04.002","volume":"13","author":"MS Rayeni","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rayeni MS, Hafid A, Sahu PK (2018) Quality of service aware multicasting in heterogeneous vehicular networks. Vehicular Communications 13:38\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vehcom.2018.04.002","journal-title":"Vehicular Communications"},{"key":"670_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Reddy B (2023) The multicast techniques that are efficient for multichannel wireless mesh networks. In: 2023 2nd International Conference on Futuristic Technologies (INCOFT), pp 1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/INCOFT60753.2023.10425267","DOI":"10.1109\/INCOFT60753.2023.10425267"},{"issue":"4","key":"670_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4243","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSM.2024.3375970","volume":"21","author":"H Sfaxi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sfaxi H, Lahyani I, Yangui S et al (2024) Latency-aware and proactive service placement for edge computing. IEEE Trans Netw Service Manage 21(4):4243\u20134254. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TNSM.2024.3375970","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Netw Service Manage"},{"key":"670_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2021.3136723","volume":"31","author":"Z Shang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shang Z, Ebenezer JP, Wu Y et al (2021) Study of the subjective and objective quality of high motion live streaming videos. IEEE Trans Image Process 31:1027\u20131041. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TIP.2021.3136723","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Image Process"},{"key":"670_CR24","first-page":"77","volume-title":"International Conference on Communication Software and Networks (ICCSN)","author":"L Shen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shen L, Yin Z, Jing Y et al (2024) Ead-brc: A novel edge application deployment algorithm balancing robustness and coverage. International Conference on Communication Software and Networks (ICCSN). Ningbo, China, pp 77\u201382"},{"issue":"5","key":"670_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2016.2579198","volume":"3","author":"W Shi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shi W, Cao J, Zhang Q et al (2016) Edge computing: Vision and challenges. IEEE Internet Things J 3(5):637\u2013646","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J"},{"issue":"1","key":"670_CR26","first-page":"69","volume":"56","author":"W Shi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shi W, Zhang X, Wang YF et al (2019) Edge computing: state-of-the-art and future directions. J Comput Res Develop 56(1):69\u201389","journal-title":"J Comput Res Develop"},{"issue":"5","key":"670_CR27","first-page":"1","volume":"54","author":"WS Shi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shi WS, Sun H, Cao J et al (2017) Edge computing: A new computing model in the era of everything. J Comput Res Develop 54(5):1\u201318","journal-title":"J Comput Res Develop"},{"issue":"6","key":"670_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5551","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2025.3533005","volume":"24","author":"L Song","year":"2025","unstructured":"Song L, Sun G, Yu H et al (2025) Espd-lp: Edge service pre-deployment based on location prediction in mec. IEEE Trans Mobile Comput 24(6):5551\u20135568. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TMC.2025.3533005","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Mobile Comput"},{"issue":"3","key":"670_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1109\/TSIPN.2016.2550806","volume":"2","author":"W Tu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tu W (2016) Efficient wireless multimedia multicast in multi-rate multi-channel mesh networks. IEEE Trans Signal Inf Proc over Netw 2(3):376\u2013390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TSIPN.2016.2550806","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Signal Inf Proc over Netw"},{"key":"670_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tu W, Sreenan CJ, Chou CT et al (2008) Resource-aware video multicasting via access gateways in wireless mesh networks. In: 2008 IEEE international conference on network protocols, pp 43\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICNP.2008.4697023","DOI":"10.1109\/ICNP.2008.4697023"},{"issue":"8","key":"670_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2019.2918437","volume":"107","author":"Y Xiao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xiao Y, Jia Y, Liu C et al (2016) Edge computing security: State of the art and challenges. Proc IEEE 107(8):1608\u20131631. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JPROC.2019.2918437","journal-title":"Proc IEEE"},{"key":"670_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yin Z, Bi Z, Xue J et al (2025) An improved heuristic service deployment algorithm based on multi-parameter priority in edge computing. Cluster Comput 28(7). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10586-025-05150-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-025-05150-1"},{"key":"670_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159231","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2025.3607811","volume":"13","author":"Y Zeng","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zeng Y, Ye H, Wang S (2025) A deep reinforcement learning-based approach to resilient service placement for mobile edge computing. IEEE Access 13:159231\u2013159239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ACCESS.2025.3607811","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"5","key":"670_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3235","DOI":"10.1109\/TSC.2025.3592382","volume":"18","author":"G Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang G, Jia S, Xu L et al (2025) Stability-oriented heterogeneous application re-deployment in mobile edge computing. IEEE Trans Serv Comput 18(5):3235\u20133248. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TSC.2025.3592382","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Serv Comput"},{"issue":"3","key":"670_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1762","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2021.3088493","volume":"9","author":"L Zhao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhao L, Tan W, Li B et al (2021) Joint shareability and interference for multiple edge application deployment in mobile-edge computing environment. IEEE Internet Things J 9(3):1762\u20131774. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JIOT.2021.3088493","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J"},{"key":"670_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhao L, Li B, Tan W et al (2022) Joint coverage-reliability for budgeted edge application deployment in mobile edge computing environment. IEEE Trans Parallel Distrib Syst 33(12):3760\u20133771. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TPDS.2022.3166163","DOI":"10.1109\/TPDS.2022.3166163"},{"key":"670_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhao L, Xiao F, Li B et al (2024) Availability-aware revenue-effective application deployment in multi-access edge computing. IEEE Trans Parallel Distrib Syst 35(7):1268\u20131280. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TPDS.2024.3399840","DOI":"10.1109\/TPDS.2024.3399840"},{"key":"670_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2026.3659644","author":"L Zhao","year":"2026","unstructured":"Zhao L, Li B, Zhou J et al (2026) Maximizing revenue for reliability-aware edge application deployment. IEEE Trans Industr Inf. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TII.2026.3659644","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Industr Inf"},{"issue":"1","key":"670_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2024.3460049","volume":"43","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhao Y, Liu C et al (2025) Joint content caching, service placement, and task offloading in uav-enabled mobile edge computing networks. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun 43(1):51\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JSAC.2024.3460049","journal-title":"IEEE J Sel Areas Commun"}],"container-title":["Journal of King Saud University Computer and Information Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s44443-026-00670-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44443-026-00670-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44443-026-00670-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T13:46:37Z","timestamp":1782481597000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s44443-026-00670-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["670"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s44443-026-00670-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1319-1578","2213-1248"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1319-1578","type":"print"},{"value":"2213-1248","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"269"}}