{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T14:20:26Z","timestamp":1769610026927,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":115,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,12,1]],"date-time":"1996-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":849398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cult Med Psych"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf00117087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,31]],"date-time":"2004-10-31T06:50:09Z","timestamp":1099205409000},"page":"421-472","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Cultures in psychiatric nosology: The CCMD-2-R and International Classification of Mental Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Sing","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"CR1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1987","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association 1987 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised (DSM-III-R). Washington, DC: APA.","edition":"Third Edition"},{"key":"CR2","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994","unstructured":"1994 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV). Washington, DC: APA.","edition":"Fourth Edition"},{"key":"CR3","first-page":"42","volume":"1","author":"Z.H. Cai","year":"1991","unstructured":"Cai, Z.H. and J. Li 1991 Mental Disorders Induced by Psychoactive Substances ? A Clinical Analysis of Thirty Three Cases. Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine 1: 42?43 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"CR4","first-page":"266","volume":"13","author":"H.H. Chan","year":"1987","unstructured":"Chan, H.H., H.J. Yan, S.H. Xu, M.D. Zhang, H.S. Cai, Y.P. Yu, and J.C. Zhao 1987 A Study of the Clinical Phenomenology of Mental Disorders Induced by Qigong. Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases 13: 266?269 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases"},{"key":"CR5","first-page":"156","volume":"18","author":"H.H. Chan","year":"1992","unstructured":"Chan, H.H., H.J. Yan, S.H. Xu, M.D. Zhang, and B. Fan 1992 A Controlled Comparison of Hysteria-like Episodes Induced by Qigong and Hysteria with Psychosocial Stress. Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases 18: 156?158 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases"},{"key":"CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1993.01820140051005","volume":"50","author":"C.N. Chen","year":"1993","unstructured":"Chen, C.N., J. Wong, N. Lee, M.W. Chan-Ho, J. Lau, and M. Fung 1993 The Shatin Community Mental Health Survey in Hong Kong: II. Major Findings. Archives of General Psychiatry 50: 125?133.","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR7","first-page":"5","volume-title":"Clinical Psychiatry","author":"H.D. Chen","year":"1962","unstructured":"Chen, H.D. and Y. Chen 1962 Clinical Psychiatry, First Edition. pp. 5?7. Hefei: Anhui People's Publishing House (in Chinese).","edition":"First Edition"},{"key":"CR8","first-page":"315","volume-title":"Chinese Society and Mental Health","author":"H.S. Chen","year":"1995","unstructured":"Chen, H.S. 1995 Development of Mental Health Systems and Care in China: From the 1940s through the 1980s. In Chinese Society and Mental Health. W.S. Tseng, T.Y. Lin and E.K. Yeh, eds. pp. 315?325. Hong Kong: Oxford University Press."},{"key":"CR9","first-page":"223","volume":"28","author":"Y.L. Chen","year":"1995","unstructured":"Chen, Y.L. and J.M. Xu 1995 A Comparative Study of Clinical Features between Depressive Neuroses and Depression. Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry 28: 223?226 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR10","unstructured":"Chen, Y.F. 1994 DSMD (Diagnostic Schedules for Mental Disorders) and Its Field Trials. Chinese Society of Neurology and Psychiatry and Shandong Institute of Mental Health (in Chinese)."},{"key":"CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00051329","volume":"15","author":"P. Cheung","year":"1991","unstructured":"Cheung, P. 1991 Adult Psychiatric Epidemiology in China in the 80s. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry 15: 479?496.","journal-title":"Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR12","first-page":"257","volume":"12","author":"Chinese Society of Neurology and Psychiatry","year":"1979","unstructured":"Chinese Society of Neurology and Psychiatry 1979 Classification of Mental Disorders ? a Preliminary Draft. Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry 12: 257?258 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR13","first-page":"63","volume":"15","author":"Chinese Society of Neurology and Psychiatry","year":"1982","unstructured":"1982 Classification of Mental Disorders by Chinese Medical Association ? 1981. Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry 15: 63?64 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR14","first-page":"314","volume":"18","author":"Chinese Society of Neurology and Psychiatry","year":"1985","unstructured":"1985 Classification of Mental Disorders by Chinese Medical Association ? 1984. Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry 18: 314?316 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR15","volume-title":"Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders","author":"Chinese Medical Association","year":"1990","unstructured":"Chinese Medical Association 1990 Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders, Second Edition. Hunan: Hunan Medical University (in Chinese).","edition":"Second Edition"},{"key":"CR16","volume-title":"Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders","author":"Chinese Medical Association","year":"1995","unstructured":"Chinese Medical Association and Nanjing Medical University 1995 Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders, second edition, revised (CCMD-2-R). Nanjing: Dong Nan University Press (in Chinese).","edition":"second edition"},{"key":"CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.166.1.4","volume":"166","author":"J. Cooper","year":"1995","unstructured":"Cooper, J. 1995 On the Publication of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: Fourth edition (DSM-IV). British Journal of Psychiatry 166: 4?8.","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR18","first-page":"412","volume-title":"Handbook of Chinese Psychology","author":"J.G. Draguns","year":"1996","unstructured":"Draguns, J.G. 1996 Abnormal Behaviour in Chinese Societies: Clinical, Epidemiological, and Comparative Studies. In Handbook of Chinese Psychology. M.H. Bond, ed. Chapter 27, pp. 412?428. Hong Kong: Oxford University Press."},{"key":"CR19","first-page":"215","volume":"4","author":"Editorial Board of the Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine","year":"1994","unstructured":"Editorial Board of the Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine 1994 A Discussion of the CCMD-2-R. Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine 4: 215?220 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199405000-00002","volume":"182","author":"H. Fabrega","year":"1994","unstructured":"Fabrega, H. 1994a International Systems of Diagnosis in Psychiatry. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 182: 256?263.","journal-title":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease"},{"key":"CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi.1994.8.2.149","volume":"8","author":"H. Fabrega","year":"1994","unstructured":"1994b Personality Disorders as Medical Entities: a Cultural Interpretation. Journal of Personality Disorders 8: 149?167.","journal-title":"Journal of Personality Disorders"},{"key":"CR22","first-page":"166","volume":"27","author":"M.Z. Fang","year":"1994","unstructured":"Fang, M.Z. 1994 Clinical Analysis of Forty Cases of Transsexualism. Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry 27: 166?168 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR23","first-page":"229","volume":"2","author":"R.K. Feng","year":"1992","unstructured":"Feng, R.K. and Z.C. Wang 1992 On Standardizing Technical Terms and Typographical Errors in the CCMD-2. Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine 2: 229?231 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"CR24","first-page":"301","volume":"17","author":"B.L. Gao","year":"1991","unstructured":"Gao, B.L. and Y.Y. Duan 1991 An Analysis of Ten Cases of Sexual Perversion. Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases 17: 301?303 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases"},{"key":"CR25","first-page":"221","volume":"18","author":"S.G. Gao","year":"1992","unstructured":"Gao, S.G. and Z.Z. Liu 1992 A Case Report of Briquet's Syndrome. Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases 18: 221 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases"},{"key":"CR26","first-page":"104","volume-title":"Dysthymic Disorder","author":"D.P. Goldberg","year":"1990","unstructured":"Goldberg, D.P. and K.W. Bridges 1990 Epidemiological Observations on the Concept of Dysthymic Disorder. In Dysthymic Disorder. S.W. Burton and H.S. Akiskal, eds. pp. 104?111. Gaskell: The Royal College of Psychiatrists (U.K.)."},{"key":"CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00053586","volume":"16","author":"B.J. Good","year":"1993","unstructured":"Good, B.J. 1993 Culture, Diagnosis and Comorbidity. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry 16: 427?446.","journal-title":"Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR28","first-page":"98","volume":"21","author":"C.B. Han","year":"1995","unstructured":"Han, C.B. and Z.L. Yuan 1995 Depression and Law-breaking Behaviour. Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases 21: 98?100 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases"},{"key":"CR29","volume-title":"Chinese Diagnostic Criteria and Case Examples of Mental Disorders","author":"W. Hao","year":"1989","unstructured":"Hao, W. 1989 Mental Disorder Caused by Mushroom Poisoning. In Chinese Diagnostic Criteria and Case Examples of Mental Disorders. D. Young, ed. Hunan: Hunan University Press (in Chinese)."},{"key":"CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1525\/aa.1971.73.1.02a00030","volume":"73","author":"F.L.K. Hsu","year":"1971","unstructured":"Hsu, F.L.K. 1971 Psychosocial Homeostasis and Jen: Concepts for Advancing Psychological Anthropology. American Anthropologist 73: 23?44.","journal-title":"American Anthropologist"},{"key":"CR31","first-page":"68","volume":"6","author":"C.X. Hu","year":"1994","unstructured":"Hu, C.X., S.H. Dong and J.Z. Lu 1994 A Clinical Analysis of Thirty Five Cases of Superstition and Witchcraft-Related Mental Disorders. Medical Journal of Chinese Civil Administration 6: 68?69 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Medical Journal of Chinese Civil Administration"},{"key":"CR32","first-page":"53","volume":"5","author":"Z.Q. Hu","year":"1995","unstructured":"Hu, Z.Q. 1995 The Relationships among Homosexuality, Religion and Law in Western Societies. Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine 5: 53?55 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"CR33","first-page":"245","volume":"16","author":"B.Y Huang","year":"1990","unstructured":"Huang, B.Y, G.Y. Liu and Z.S. Liu 1990 A Report of Ten Cases of Qigong Induced Mental Disorders. Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases 16: 245?246 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases"},{"issue":"supplement 1","key":"CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1192\/S0007125000295561","volume":"152","author":"A. Jablensky","year":"1988","unstructured":"Jablensky, A. 1988 Methodological Issues in Psychiatric Classifications. British Journal of Psychiatry 152 (supplement 1): 15?20.","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR35","first-page":"32","volume":"4","author":"Y.C. Jia","year":"1994","unstructured":"Jia, Y.C. 1994 An Inquiry into Transient Psychotic Disorders and a Discussion of Travelling Psychosis. Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine 4: 32?35 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"CR36","first-page":"156","volume":"5","author":"Y.C. Jia","year":"1995","unstructured":"1995 Comments on the Chinese Version of the ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behaviour Disorders. Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine 5: 156?160 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199101000-00005","volume":"179","author":"L.J. Kirmayer","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kirmayer, L.J. 1991 The Place of Culture in Psychiatric Nosology: Taijin Kyofusho and DSM-III-R. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 179: 19?28.","journal-title":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease"},{"key":"CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-0857-0_13","volume-title":"Psychiatric Diagnosis: A World Perspective","author":"T. Kitamura","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kitamura, T. 1994 The ICD-10 Chapter on Mental Disorders Versus Conventional Diagnosis in Japan. In Psychiatric Diagnosis: A World Perspective. J.E. Mezzich, Y. Honda and M.C. Kastrup, eds. pp. 136?142. New York: Springer-Verlag."},{"key":"CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00051427","volume":"6","author":"A. Kleinman","year":"1982","unstructured":"Kleinman, A. 1982 Neurasthenia and Depression: a Study of Somatization and Culture in China. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry 6: 117?190.","journal-title":"Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR40","volume-title":"Social Origins of Distress and Disease: Depression, Neurasthenia, and Pain in Modern China","author":"A. Kleinman","year":"1986","unstructured":"1986 Social Origins of Distress and Disease: Depression, Neurasthenia, and Pain in Modern China. New Haven: Yale University Press."},{"key":"CR41","volume-title":"Rethinking Psychiatry: From Cultural Category to Personal Experience","author":"A. Kleinman","year":"1988","unstructured":"1988 Rethinking Psychiatry: From Cultural Category to Personal Experience. New York: The Free Press."},{"key":"CR42","first-page":"70","volume-title":"The New Harvard Guide to Psychiatry","author":"G.L. Klerman","year":"1988","unstructured":"Klerman, G.L. 1988 Classification and DSM-III-R. In The New Harvard Guide to Psychiatry. Armand M. Nicholi, Jr., ed. pp. 70?87. Cambridge: Harvard University Press."},{"key":"CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00052053","volume":"13","author":"M.P. Lau","year":"1989","unstructured":"Lau, M.P. and M.L. Ng 1989 Homosexuality in Chinese Culture. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry 13: 465?488.","journal-title":"Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700028531","volume":"23","author":"S. Lee","year":"1993","unstructured":"Lee, S. 1993 How Abnormal is the Desire for Slimness? A Survey of Eating Attitudes and Behaviour among Chinese Undergraduates in Hong Kong. Psychological Medicine 23: 437?451.","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1177\/136346159403100205","volume":"31","author":"S. Lee","year":"1994","unstructured":"1994 The Vicissitudes of Neurasthenia in Chinese Societies: Where Will It Go from the ICD-10? Transcultural Psychiatric Research Review 31: 153?172.","journal-title":"Transcultural Psychiatric Research Review"},{"key":"CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(94)00305-D","volume":"41","author":"S. Lee","year":"1995","unstructured":"1995 Self-starvation in Contexts: Towards the Culturally Sensitive Understanding of Anorexia Nervosa. Social Science and Medicine 41: 25?36.","journal-title":"Social Science and Medicine"},{"key":"CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(95)00074-7","volume":"42","author":"S. Lee","year":"1996","unstructured":"1996 Reconsidering the Status of Anorexia Nervosa as a Western Culture-bound Syndrome. Social Science and Medicine 42: 21?34.","journal-title":"Social Science and Medicine"},{"key":"CR48","first-page":"222","volume":"4","author":"S. Lee","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lee, S. and H. Yu 1995 The Evaluation of Qigong Induced Mental Disorder as a Chinese Culture-bound Syndrome. Archives of Psychiatry 4: 222?225 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Archives of Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1177\/136346159503200109","volume":"32","author":"S. Lee","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lee, S., H. Yu and A.M. Lee 1995 A Critique on Mixed Anxiety-depressive Disorder and Shenjing Shuairuo. Transcultural Psychiatric Research Review 32: 90?93.","journal-title":"Transcultural Psychiatric Research Review"},{"issue":"Supplement 1","key":"CR50","first-page":"52","volume":"6","author":"S.X. Li","year":"1994","unstructured":"Li, S.X. and D.Y. Li 1994 A Study of Witch Doctors in Xiang, E and Yu Provinces by Multi-level Sampling. Medical Journal of Chinese Civil Administration 6 (Supplement 1): 52?54 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Medical Journal of Chinese Civil Administration"},{"key":"CR51","first-page":"47","volume":"29","author":"X.J. Li","year":"1996","unstructured":"Li, X.J., R.R. Li, H.X. Ren, B.H. Ren, H. X. Gu, T. H. Wu and C. W. Shi 1996 An Investigation of Inducing Factors Associated with Sudden Psychiatric Disorders of Train Passengers. Chinese Journal of Psychiatry 29: 47?50 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR52","volume-title":"The Importance of Living","author":"Y.T. Lin","year":"1977","unstructured":"Lin, Y.T. 1977 The Importance of Living. pp. 397 and 406. London: Heinemann Educational Books (Asia)."},{"key":"CR53","first-page":"668","volume-title":"Psychiatry","author":"X.H. Liu","year":"1994","unstructured":"Liu, X.H. 1994 Hysteria. In Psychiatry, Third Edition. Y.C. Shen, ed. pp. 668?677. Beijing: Publishing House of People's Health (in Chinese).","edition":"Third Edition"},{"key":"CR54","first-page":"27","volume":"7","author":"X.L. Liu","year":"1995","unstructured":"Liu, X.L., R. Zhang and A.Q. Liu 1995 The Forensic Assessment of Sexual Perversion. Archives of Psychiatry 7: 27?29 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Archives of Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR55","first-page":"238","volume":"18","author":"Z.Z. Liu","year":"1992","unstructured":"Liu, Z.Z., L.P. Yue, C.Q. Yu and X.H. Liu 1992 Four Cases of Transsexualism. Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases 18: 238 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases"},{"key":"CR56","volume-title":"The DSM-IV Personality Disorders","year":"1995","unstructured":"Livesley, W.J. (ed.) 1995 The DSM-IV Personality Disorders. New York: The Guilford Press."},{"key":"CR57","first-page":"386","volume":"26","author":"X.N. Luo","year":"1993","unstructured":"Luo, X.N., Z.S. Zhang, R.G. Liu, D.X. Zhang, J.H. Xiao, WD. Jin, T.B. Liu, G.H. Wang, Y.Y. Chen, H.Y. Zhao, X.G. Bai and X.P. Wang 1993 A Report of Two Cases of Superstition and Witchcraft-induced Mental Disorder. Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry 26: 386 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR58","first-page":"377","volume":"25","author":"X.L. Mao","year":"1992","unstructured":"Mao, X.L. and H.L. Wang 1992 Two Cases of Koro in Sichuan Province. Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry 25: 377 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR59","volume-title":"Approaching Hysteria: Disease and Its Interpretations","author":"Mark S. Micale","year":"1995","unstructured":"Micale, Mark S. 1995 Approaching Hysteria: Disease and Its Interpretations. Princeton: Princeton University Press."},{"key":"CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.100.3.245","volume":"100","author":"T. Millon","year":"1991","unstructured":"Millon, T. 1991 Classification in Psychopathology: Rationale, Alternatives and Standards. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 100: 245?261.","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"CR61","volume-title":"Adaptation Cultural del Esquema Multiaxial de la CIE-10 A Trav\u00e9s de Ejes Complementarios (Cultural Adaptation of the ICD-10 Multiaxial Schema through Complementary Axes)","author":"A. Otero-Ojeda","year":"1994","unstructured":"Otero-Ojeda, A. 1994 Adaptation Cultural del Esquema Multiaxial de la CIE-10 A Trav\u00e9s de Ejes Complementarios (Cultural Adaptation of the ICD-10 Multiaxial Schema through Complementary Axes). Cuba: Editorial Cient\u00edf\u00edco-T\u00e9cnica, La Habana."},{"key":"CR62","first-page":"116","volume-title":"Embodiment and Experience: The Existential Ground of Culture and Self","author":"T. Ots","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ots, T. 1994 The Silenced Body ? the Expressive Leib: on the Dialectic of Mind and Life in Chinese Cathartic Healing. In Embodiment and Experience: The Existential Ground of Culture and Self. T.J. Csordas, ed. pp. 116?136. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press."},{"key":"CR63","volume-title":"Mental Health Care in China: State Policies, Professional Services and Family Responsibilities","author":"V. Pearson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Pearson, V. 1995a Mental Health Care in China: State Policies, Professional Services and Family Responsibilities. London: Gaskell."},{"key":"CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(94)00424-R","volume":"41","author":"V. Pearson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Pearson, V. 1995b Goods on Which One Loses: Women and Mental Health in China. Social Science and Medicine 41: 1150?1173.","journal-title":"Social Science and Medicine"},{"key":"CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1177\/136346158802500406","volume":"25","author":"R. Prince","year":"1988","unstructured":"Prince, R. 1988 Review of Two Papers on Qigong Induced Mental Disorders. Transcultural Psychiatric Research Review 25: 299?304.","journal-title":"Transcultural Psychiatric Research Review"},{"key":"CR66","first-page":"302","volume":"26","author":"W. Qi","year":"1993","unstructured":"Qi, W., X.S. Chen and Z.E. Tian 1993 Criminological Aspects of Anti-social Personality. Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry 26: 302?304 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry"},{"issue":"Supplement 1","key":"CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1192\/S000712500029555X","volume":"152","author":"N. Sartorius","year":"1988","unstructured":"Sartorius, N. 1988 International Perspectives of Psychiatric Classification. British Journal of Psychiatry 152 (Supplement 1): 9?14.","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR68","first-page":"199","volume":"25","author":"Q.J. Shen","year":"1992","unstructured":"Shen, Q.J., H. Gao, J.P. Zhao and G.R. Xie 1992 A Controlled Comparison of the Rapid Cycling and Non-rapid Cycling Types of Bipolar Affective Disorder. Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry 25: 199?202 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR69","first-page":"73","volume-title":"International Classification in Psychiatry: Unity and Diversity","author":"Y.C. Shen","year":"1988","unstructured":"Shen, Y.C. 1988 Principles of the Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders (CCMD). In International Classification in Psychiatry: Unity and Diversity. J.E. Mezzich, M. von Cranach, eds. pp. 73?80. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press."},{"key":"CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-0857-0_8","volume-title":"Psychiatric Diagnosis: A World Perspective","author":"Y.C. Shen","year":"1994","unstructured":"1994 Principles of the Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders (CCMD-II). In Psychiatric Diagnosis: A World Perspective. J.E. Mezzich, Y. Honda and M.C. Kastrup, eds. pp. 67?74. New York: Springer-Verlag."},{"key":"CR71","first-page":"38","volume":"4","author":"C.X. Shi","year":"1994","unstructured":"Shi, C.X. 1994 Views on the Addition of ?Acute and Transient Psychotic Disorders? in the CCMD2-R. Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine 4: 38 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"CR72","first-page":"141","volume":"26","author":"Z.X. Shi","year":"1993","unstructured":"Shi, Z.X., T.Y. Xu, Y.L. Wang, L.D. Zhang, D.S. Qian, H.Q. Lou and W.Z. Yu 1993 Periodic Psychosis and the CCMD-II. Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry 26: 141?143 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1177\/136346159303000402","volume":"30","author":"H. Steiger","year":"1993","unstructured":"Steiger, H. 1993 Anorexia Nervosa: is It the Syndrome or the Theorist That is Culture- and Genderbound? Transcultural Psychiatric Research Review 30: 347?358.","journal-title":"Transcultural Psychiatric Research Review"},{"key":"CR74","first-page":"601","volume":"21","author":"E. Stengel","year":"1959","unstructured":"Stengel, E. 1959 Classification of Mental Disorders. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 21: 601?663.","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"CR75","first-page":"438","volume-title":"Feminist Perspectives on Eating Disorders","author":"R.H. Striegel-Moore","year":"1994","unstructured":"Striegel-Moore, R.H. 1994 A Feminist Agenda for Psychological Research on Eating Disorders. In Feminist Perspectives on Eating Disorders. P. Fallon, M.A. Katzman and S.C. Wooley, eds. pp. 438?454. New York: Guilford Press."},{"key":"CR76","first-page":"27","volume":"29","author":"Survey and Test Group for the CCMD-2-R","year":"1996","unstructured":"Survey and Test Group for the CCMD-2-R 1996 A Report on the National Field Trial of the Second Revised Edition of the Chinese Classification and Diagnostic Criteria of Mental Disorders. Chinese Journal of Psychiatry 29: 27?30 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR77","first-page":"145","volume":"6","author":"Y.G. Tan","year":"1994","unstructured":"Tan, Y.G., R. Chen and Z.J. Li 1994 Issues in the Diagnosis of ?Periodic Psychosis?. Archives of Psychiatry 6: 145?147 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Archives of Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR78","first-page":"138","volume":"6","author":"M.Y. Tao","year":"1994","unstructured":"Tao, M.Y., X.D. Wang and Z.X. Shi 1994 Issues in the Diagnosis of Depressive Neurosis and Depression. Archives of Psychiatry 6: 138?141 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Archives of Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.166.2.174","volume":"166","author":"The WPA Working Group","year":"1995","unstructured":"The WPA Working Group 1995 Dysthymia in Clinical Practice. British Journal of Psychiatry 166: 174?183.","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR80","first-page":"92","volume":"6","author":"R. Tong","year":"1994","unstructured":"Tong, R. and S.J. Yu 1994 A Clinical Report of Three Cases of Childhood Autism. Archives of Psychiatry 6: 92?93 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Archives of Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR81","volume-title":"Classification of Neurosis","author":"P. Tyrer","year":"1989","unstructured":"Tyrer, P. 1989 Classification of Neurosis. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons."},{"key":"CR82","first-page":"239","volume":"4","author":"P. Wang","year":"1994","unstructured":"Wang, P. 1994 Qigong Induced Manic State. Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine 4: 239 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"CR83","first-page":"228","volume":"4","author":"J.R. Wang","year":"1994","unstructured":"Wang, J.R., C.Z. Liang and W. Zhang 1994 Views on ?Travelling Psychosis?. Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine 4: 228 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"CR84","first-page":"25","volume":"2","author":"S.J. Wang","year":"1995","unstructured":"Wang, S.J., N.H. Wei, K.M. Zhang and X.B. Wei 1995 A Clinical Analysis of 210 Cases of Hysterical Disorders. Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry 2: 25 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.162.1.129a","volume":"162","author":"Y.K. Wing","year":"1993","unstructured":"Wing, Y.K., K.P.M. Chan and S. Lee 1993 Simple Schizophrenia ? a Forgotten Diagnosis. British Journal of Psychiatry 162: 129.","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR86","volume-title":"Mental Disorders. Glossary and Guide to Their Classification in Accordance with ICD-9","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1978","unstructured":"World Health Organization 1978 Mental Disorders. Glossary and Guide to Their Classification in Accordance with ICD-9. Geneva: W.H.O."},{"key":"CR87","volume-title":"The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behaviour Disorders ? Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostic Guidelines","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1992","unstructured":"1992 The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behaviour Disorders ? Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostic Guidelines. Geneva: W.H.O."},{"key":"CR88","first-page":"7","volume":"2","author":"C.Y. Wu","year":"1992","unstructured":"Wu, C.Y. 1992 A Clinical Analysis of Seventy Six Cases of Qigong Induced Psychotic Disorders. Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine 2: 7?9 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"CR89","first-page":"132","volume":"3","author":"C.Y. Wu","year":"1993","unstructured":"1993 An Inquiry into the Etiology of Qigong Induced Mental Disorders and a Follow-up Study of Fifty Three Cases. Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine 3: 132?133 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"CR90","first-page":"45","volume":"28","author":"J.H. Wu","year":"1995","unstructured":"Wu, J.H., Y.F. Li and J.M. Xu 1995 A Clinical Analysis of Ninety Three Cases of Personality Disorders. Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry 28: 45 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR91","first-page":"38","volume":"21","author":"J.M. Wu","year":"1995","unstructured":"Wu, J.M. and L. Yu 1995 A Report of Mass Hysteria Involving Fifty Seven School Children. Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry 21: 38?39 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR92","first-page":"365","volume":"25","author":"Y.J. Wu","year":"1992","unstructured":"Wu, Y.J. 1992 Six Cases of Infantile Autism. Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry 25: 365 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR93","first-page":"189","volume":"2","author":"J.W. Xie","year":"1992","unstructured":"Xie, J.W., X.H. Zhao and Z.Q. Zhu 1992 A Clinical Analysis of Sixteen Cases of Personality Disorders. Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine 2: 189 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"CR94","first-page":"59","volume":"19","author":"S.H. Xu","year":"1993","unstructured":"Xu, S.H., Z.X. Gao and B.X. Xu 1993 The Application of the Diagnostic Criteria of the Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders. Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases 19: 59?60 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases"},{"key":"CR95","first-page":"303","volume":"23","author":"T.Y. Xu","year":"1990","unstructured":"Xu, T.Y. 1990 Neurosis, Neurasthenia and Hysteria. Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry 23: 303?305 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR96","first-page":"125","volume":"6","author":"T.Y. Xu","year":"1994","unstructured":"1994 A Proposal to Accept the ICD-10 and Abandon the Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders. Archives of Psychiatry 6: 125 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Archives of Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR97","first-page":"88","volume":"4","author":"W.Y. Xu","year":"1992","unstructured":"Xu, W.Y. and Z.J. Chen 1992 An Eight to Ten Year Outcome Study of Unipolar Mania. Archives of Psychiatry 4: 88?90 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Archives of Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR98","volume-title":"Neurosis","author":"Y.X. Xu","year":"1993","unstructured":"Xu, Y.X. 1993 Neurosis. Beijing: The People's Health Publishing House (in Chinese)."},{"key":"CR99","first-page":"224","volume":"4","author":"Y.X. Xu","year":"1994","unstructured":"1994 About ICD-10. Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine 4: 224?226 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"CR100","first-page":"161","volume":"5","author":"Y.X. Xy","year":"1995","unstructured":"1995 Translation of Terms and International Communication. Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine 5: 161?163 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"CR101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02220658","volume":"13","author":"H.Q. Yan","year":"1989","unstructured":"Yan, H.Q. 1989 The Necessity of Retaining the Diagnostic Concept of Neurasthenia. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry 13:139?145.","journal-title":"Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR102","first-page":"88","volume":"21","author":"Y.Z. Yang","year":"1995","unstructured":"Yang, Y.Z. 1995 Epidemic Hysteria: An Analysis of Twenty Cases. Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases 21: 88?89 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases"},{"key":"CR103","first-page":"96","volume-title":"Psychiatric Diagnosis: A World Perspective","author":"I. Yamashita","year":"1994","unstructured":"Yamashita, I. and T. Koyama 1994 Neurotic Spectrum Disorders in Japan. In Psychiatric Diagnosis: A World Perspective. J.E. Mezzich, Y. Honda and M.C. Kastrup, eds. pp. 96?101. New York: Springer-Verlag."},{"key":"CR104","first-page":"5","volume":"9","author":"D. Young","year":"1993","unstructured":"Young, D. and S.Y. Xiao 1993 Several Theoretical Topics in Neurosis Research. Integrative Psychiatry 9: 5?9.","journal-title":"Integrative Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR105","first-page":"221","volume":"4","author":"D. Young","year":"1994","unstructured":"Young, D. 1994 A Personal View on the Publication of the CCMD-2-R. Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine 4: 221?223 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"CR106","first-page":"212","volume":"3","author":"L. Yu","year":"1993","unstructured":"Yu, L. 1993 A Preliminary Analysis of 456 Attenders at a Children's Mental Health Clinic. Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine 3: 212 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"CR107","first-page":"25","volume":"1","author":"X.B. Zhang","year":"1991","unstructured":"Zhang, X.B., J. Sun, N. Zhang and F.C. Yao 1991 A Diagnostic Study of Reactive Mental Disorders Using the CCMD-2. Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine 1: 25?27 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"CR108","first-page":"69","volume":"17","author":"J.P. Zhao","year":"1991","unstructured":"Zhao, J.P., W. Liang, Y.P. Zheng and Q.J. Shen 1991 A Clinical Comparison of Two Hundred Cases of Unipolar and Bipolar Affective Psychosis. Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry 17: 69?71 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-440X(94)90227-5","volume":"35","author":"Y.P. Zheng","year":"1994","unstructured":"Zheng, Y.P., K.M. Lin, J.P. Zhao, M.Y. Zhang and D. Young 1994 Comparative Study of Diagnostic Systems: Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders ? Second Edition versus DSM-III-R. Comprehensive Psychiatry 35: 441?449.","journal-title":"Comprehensive Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR110","first-page":"93","volume":"20","author":"J.H. Zhou","year":"1988","unstructured":"Zhou, J.H. 1988 A Probe into the Mentality of Sixty Five Rural Young Women Giving Birth to Baby Girls. Chinese Journal of Sociology and Anthropology (A Journal of Translations) 20: 93?102.","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Sociology and Anthropology (A Journal of Translations)"},{"key":"CR111","first-page":"357","volume":"5","author":"R.Y. Zhou","year":"1995","unstructured":"Zhou, R.Y., Y.H. Zhang and C.M. Zhu 1995 A Comparison of the CCMD-2-R and ICD-10 Diagnosis of Mood Disorders Using the SCID-P. Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine 5: 357?359 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"CR112","first-page":"206","volume":"4","author":"R.H. Zhu","year":"1994","unstructured":"Zhu, R.H., S.N. Sheng, B.L. Li, S.W. Fu and S.T. Zhe 1994 A Clinical and Follow-up Study of Anorexia Nervosa. Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine 4: 206?207 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"CR113","first-page":"279","volume":"17","author":"Y.Z. Zhu","year":"1991","unstructured":"Zhu, Y.Z. and F.C. Yao 1991 A Clinical Analysis of Forty One Cases of Personality Disorders. Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases 17: 279?281 (in Chinese).","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases"},{"key":"CR114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1988.01800360083013","volume":"45","author":"M. Zimmerman","year":"1988","unstructured":"Zimmerman, M. 1988 Why are We Rushing to Publish DSM-IV? Archives of General Psychiatry 45: 1135?1138.","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.151.8.1153","volume":"151","author":"R.E. Zinbarg","year":"1994","unstructured":"Zinbarg, R.E., D.H. Barlow, M. Liebowitz, L. Street, E. Broadhead, W. Katon, P. Roy-Byme, J.P. Lepine, M. Teherani, J. Richards, P.J. Brantley and H. Kraemer 1994 The DSM-IV Field Trial for Mixed Anxiety-Depression. American Journal of Psychiatry 151: 1153?1162.","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00117087.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF00117087\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00117087","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,14]],"date-time":"2024-01-14T21:15:03Z","timestamp":1705266903000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF00117087"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]},"references-count":115,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]}},"alternative-id":["BF00117087"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf00117087","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-005X","1573-076X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-005X","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-076X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]}}}