{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T22:14:02Z","timestamp":1769811242045,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1990,9,1]],"date-time":"1990-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":652147200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cult Med Psych"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf00117563","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,31]],"date-time":"2004-10-31T08:12:45Z","timestamp":1099210365000},"page":"393-408","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":90,"title":["Explanatory models of major depression and implications for help-seeking among immigrant Chinese-American women"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yu-Wen","family":"Ying","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"CR1","first-page":"119","volume-title":"Reaching the Underserved: Mental Health Needs of Neglected Populations","author":"M. Barrera Jr.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Barrera, M., Jr. 1982 Raza Populations. In Reaching the Underserved: Mental Health Needs of Neglected Populations. L. Snowden, ed. Pp. 119?142. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications."},{"key":"CR2","first-page":"212","volume-title":"Asian Americans: Psychological Perspectives","author":"T. Brown","year":"1973","unstructured":"Brown, T., K. Stein, K. Huang, and D. Harris 1973 Mental Illness and the Role of Mental Health Facilities in Chinatown. In Asian Americans: Psychological Perspectives. S. Sue and N. Wagner, eds. Pp. 212?231. Palo Alto: Science and Behavior Books."},{"key":"CR3","first-page":"171","volume-title":"The Psychology of the Chinese People","author":"F.M. Cheung","year":"1986","unstructured":"Cheung, F.M. 1986 Psychopathology Among Chinese People. In The Psychology of the Chinese People. M.H. Bond, ed. Pp. 171?212. Hong Kong: Oxford University Press."},{"key":"CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00055011","volume":"11","author":"F.M. Cheung","year":"1987","unstructured":"Cheung, F.M. 1987 Conceptualization of Psychiatric Illness and Help-Seeking Behavior Among Chinese. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry 11:97?106.","journal-title":"Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-440X(82)90073-6","volume":"23","author":"F.M. Cheung","year":"1982","unstructured":"Cheung, F.M., and B.W.K. Lau 1982 Situational Variations of Help-Seeking Behavior Among Chinese Patients. Comprehensive Psychiatry 23:252?262.","journal-title":"Comprehensive Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00055168","volume":"8","author":"F.M. Cheung","year":"1984","unstructured":"Cheung, F.M., B.W.K. Lau, and S.W. Wong 1984 Paths to Psychiatric Care in Hong Kong. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry 8:207?208.","journal-title":"Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00049313","volume":"7","author":"F.M. Cheung","year":"1983","unstructured":"Cheung, F.M., S.Y. Lee, and Y.Y. Chan 1983 Variations in Problem Conceptualizations and Intended Solutions Among Hong Kong Students. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry 7:263?278.","journal-title":"Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-2166-6_6","volume-title":"Effective Psychotherapy for Low-Income and Minority Patients","author":"C.P. Chien","year":"1982","unstructured":"Chien, C.P., and J. Yamamoto 1982 Asian-American and Pacific-Islander Patients. In Effective Psychotherapy for Low-Income and Minority Patients. F.X. Acosta, J. Yamamoto, and L.A. Evans, eds. Pp. 117?145. New York: Plenum Press."},{"key":"CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00890095","volume":"6","author":"B. Dohrenwend","year":"1978","unstructured":"Dohrenwend, B. 1978 Social Stress and Community Psychology. American Journal of Community Psychology 6:1?14.","journal-title":"American Journal of Community Psychology"},{"key":"CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-010-9220-3_6","volume-title":"Cultural Conceptions of Mental Health and Therapy","author":"A. Gaines","year":"1982","unstructured":"Gaines, A. 1982 Cultural Definitions, Behavior and the Person in American Psychiatry. In Cultural Conceptions of Mental Health and Therapy. A.J. Marsella and G.M. White, eds. Pp. 167?192. Dordrecht, Holland: Reidel."},{"key":"CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-009-8379-3_8","volume-title":"The Relevance of Social Science for Medicine","author":"B.J. Good","year":"1981","unstructured":"Good, B.J., and M.J.D. Good 1981 The Meaning of Symptoms: A Cultural Hermeneutic Model for Clinical Practice. In The Relevance of Social Science for Medicine. L. Eisenberg and A. Kleinman, eds. Pp. 165?196. Dordrecht, Holland: Reidel."},{"key":"CR12","volume-title":"Stressful Life Events: Their Nature and Effects","author":"L.E. Hinkle","year":"1974","unstructured":"Hinkle, L.E. 1974 The Effect of Exposure to Culture Change, Social Change, and Changes in Interpersonal Relationships on Health. In Stressful Life Events: Their Nature and Effects. B.S. Dohrenwend and B.P. Dohrenwend, eds. New York: John Wiley and Sons."},{"issue":"73","key":"CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1525\/aa.1971.73.1.02a00030","volume":"4","author":"F. Hsu","year":"1971","unstructured":"Hsu, F. 1971 Psychosocial Homeostasis and Jen: Conceptual Tools for Advancing Psychological Anthropology. American Anthropologist 4(73):23?44.","journal-title":"American Anthropologist"},{"key":"CR14","first-page":"24","volume-title":"Culture and Self","author":"F. Hsu","year":"1985","unstructured":"Hsu, F. 1985 The Self in Cross-Cultural Perspective. In Culture and Self. A.J. Marsella, G. DeVos, and F. Hsu, eds. Pp. 24?55. London: Tavistock Publications."},{"key":"CR15","volume-title":"Gods, Ghosts and Ancestors: Folk Religion in a Taiwanese Village","author":"D. Jordan","year":"1972","unstructured":"Jordan, D. 1972 Gods, Ghosts and Ancestors: Folk Religion in a Taiwanese Village. Berkeley: University of California Press."},{"key":"CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1525\/9780520340848","volume-title":"Patients and Healers in the Context of Culture: An Exploration of the Borderland Between Anthropology, Medicine and Psychiatry","author":"A.M. Kleinman","year":"1980","unstructured":"Kleinman, A.M. 1980 Patients and Healers in the Context of Culture: An Exploration of the Borderland Between Anthropology, Medicine and Psychiatry. Berkeley: University of California Press."},{"key":"CR17","volume-title":"Social Origins of Distress and Disease","author":"A.M. Kleinman","year":"1986","unstructured":"Kleinman, A.M. 1986 Social Origins of Distress and Disease. New Haven: Yale University Press."},{"key":"CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-88-2-251","volume":"88","author":"A.M. Kleinman","year":"1978","unstructured":"Kleinman, A.M., L. Eisenberg, and B. Good 1978 Culture, Illness and Care: Clinical Lessons from Anthropological and CrossCultural Research. Annals of Internal Medicine 88:251?258.","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"xiii","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-017-4986-2","volume-title":"Normal and Abnormal Behavior in Chinese Cultures","author":"A.M. Kleinman","year":"1981","unstructured":"Kleinman, A.M., and T.Y. Lin 1981 Introduction. In Normal and Abnormal Behavior in Chinese Cultures. A. Kleinman and T.Y. Lin, eds. Pp. xiii-xxiii. Dordrecht, Holland: Reidel."},{"key":"CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-017-4986-2_6","volume-title":"Normal and Abnormal Behaviors in Chinese Culture","author":"K.M. Lin","year":"1981","unstructured":"Lin, K.M. 1981 Traditional Chinese Medical Beliefs and Their Relevance for Mental Illness and Psychiatry. In Normal and Abnormal Behaviors in Chinese Culture. A. Kleinman and T.Y. Lin, eds. Pp. 95?111. Dordrecht, Holland: Reidel."},{"key":"CR21","first-page":"862","volume":"139","author":"T.Y. Lin","year":"1983","unstructured":"Lin, T.Y. 1983 Psychiatry and Chinese Culture. The Western Journal of Medicine 139:862?867.","journal-title":"The Western Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.135.4.454","volume":"135","author":"T.Y. Lin","year":"1978","unstructured":"Lin, T.Y., and K.M. Lin 1978 Service Delivery Issues in Asian-North American Communities. American Journal of Psychiatry 135(4):454?456.","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00052447","volume":"2","author":"T.Y. Lin","year":"1978","unstructured":"Lin, T.Y., K. Tardiff, G. Donetz, and W. Goresky 1978 Ethnicity and Patterns of Help-Seeking. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry 2:3?13.","journal-title":"Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1177\/002202217300400405","volume":"4","author":"A.J. Marsella","year":"1973","unstructured":"Marsella, A.J., J. Kinzie, and P. Gordon 1973 Ethnocultural Variations in the Expression of Depression. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 4:453?458.","journal-title":"Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology"},{"key":"CR25","volume-title":"Handbook of Asian American\/Pacific Islander Mental Health Research","author":"J. Morishima","year":"1979","unstructured":"Morishima, J., S. Sue, L.N. Teng, N. Zane, and J. Cram 1979 Handbook of Asian American\/Pacific Islander Mental Health Research. Rockville, MD: National Institute of Mental Health."},{"key":"CR26","volume-title":"Preventive Psychology: Theory Research and Practice","author":"J. Moritsugu","year":"1983","unstructured":"Moritsugu, J., and S. Sue 1983 Minority Status as a Stressor. In Preventive Psychology: Theory Research and Practice. R. Felner, L. Jason, J. Moritsugu, and S. Farber, eds. New York: Pergamon Press."},{"key":"CR27","first-page":"199","volume-title":"Depression Prevention: Research Directions","author":"R. Munoz","year":"1987","unstructured":"Munoz, R., Y. Ying, R. Armas, F. Chan, and R. Gurza 1987 The San Francisco Depression Prevention Research Project: A Randomized Trial with Medical Outpatients. In Depression Prevention: Research Directions. R.F. Munoz, ed. Pp. 199?215. Washington: Hemisphere Press."},{"key":"CR28","first-page":"139","volume":"8","author":"J. Potter","year":"1970","unstructured":"Potter, J. 1970 Wind, Water, Bones and Souls: The Religious World of the Cantonese Peasant. Journal of Oriental Studies 8:139?153.","journal-title":"Journal of Oriental Studies"},{"key":"CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1981.01780290015001","volume":"38","author":"L.N. Robins","year":"1981","unstructured":"Robins, L.N., J.E. Helzer, J. Croughan, and K.S. Ratcliff 1981 The National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule: Its History, Characteristics and Validity. Archives of General Psychiatry 38:381?389.","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR30","first-page":"9","volume-title":"Reaching the Underserved: Mental Health Needs of Neglected Populations","author":"L. Snowden","year":"1982","unstructured":"Snowden, L. 1982 Services to the Underserved: An Overview of Contemporary Issues. In Reaching the Underserved: Mental Health Needs of Neglected Populations. L. Snowden, ed. Pp. 9?20. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications."},{"key":"CR31","unstructured":"1987 Minority Mental Health Research: Building Knowledge for the Delivery of Effective Services. Paper presented at the 1987 annual convention of the American Psychological Association."},{"key":"CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-0025.1975.tb01172.x","volume":"45","author":"S. Sue","year":"1975","unstructured":"Sue, S., and H. McKinney 1975 Asian Americans in the Community Mental Health Care System. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 45:111?118.","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry"},{"key":"CR33","volume-title":"The Mental Health of Asian Americans","author":"S. Sue","year":"1985","unstructured":"Sue, S., and J. Morishima 1985 The Mental Health of Asian Americans. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass."},{"key":"CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1037\/h0037074","volume":"21","author":"S. Sue","year":"1974","unstructured":"Sue, S., and D. Sue 1974 MMPI Comparisons Between Asian-American and Non-Asian American Students Utilizing a Student Health Psychiatric Clinic. Journal of Counseling Psychology 21:423?427.","journal-title":"Journal of Counseling Psychology"},{"key":"CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-017-4986-2_15","volume-title":"Normal and Abnormal Behaviors in Chinese Culture","author":"T. Tsai","year":"1981","unstructured":"Tsai, T., L.N. Teng, and S. Sue 1981 Mental Health Status of the Chinese in the United States. In Normal and Abnormal Behaviors in Chinese Culture. A. Kleinman and T.Y. Lin, eds. Pp. 291?310. Dordrecht, Holland: Reidel."},{"key":"CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1080\/00332747.1973.11023756","volume":"36","author":"W.S. Tseng","year":"1973","unstructured":"Tseng, W.S. 1973 The Concept of Personality in Confucian Thought. Psychiatry 36:191?201.","journal-title":"Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1973.04200040109018","volume":"29","author":"W.S. Tseng","year":"1973","unstructured":"Tseng, W.S. 1973a The Development of Psychiatric Concepts in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Archives of General Psychiatry 29:569?575.","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-440X(75)90050-4","volume":"16","author":"W.S. Tseng","year":"1975","unstructured":"Tseng, W.S. 1975 The Nature of Somatic Complaints Among Psychiatric Patients: The Chinese Case. Comprehensive Psychiatry 16:237?246.","journal-title":"Comprehensive Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR39","volume-title":"1980 Census of Population: General Population Characteristics, United States Summary","author":"U.S. Department of Commerce","year":"1983","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Commerce 1983 1980 Census of Population: General Population Characteristics, United States Summary. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office."},{"key":"CR40","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Cultural Conceptions of Mental Health and Therapy","author":"G.M. White","year":"1982","unstructured":"White, G.M., and A.J. Marsella 1982 Introduction: Cultural Conceptions in Mental Health Research and Practice. In Cultural Conceptions of Mental Health and Therapy. A.J. Marsella and G.M. White, eds. Pp. 1?38. Dordrecht, Holland: Reidel."},{"key":"CR41","first-page":"185","volume-title":"Reaching the Underserved: Mental Health Needs of Neglected Populations","author":"H. Wong","year":"1982","unstructured":"Wong, H. 1982 Asian and Pacific Americans. In Reaching the Underserved: Mental Health Needs of Neglected Populations. L. Snowden, ed. Pp. 185?204. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications."},{"key":"CR42","volume-title":"Some Traditional Chinese Ideas and Conceptions in Hong Kong Social Life Today","author":"P.M. Yap","year":"1967","unstructured":"Yap, P.M. 1967 Ideas of Mental Health and Disorder in Hong Kong and Their Practical Influence. In Some Traditional Chinese Ideas and Conceptions in Hong Kong Social Life Today. M. Topley, ed. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society."},{"key":"CR43","first-page":"229","volume-title":"Reaching the Underserved: Mental Health Needs of Neglected Populations","author":"N. Zane","year":"1982","unstructured":"Zane, N., S. Sue, F.G. Castro, and W. George 1982 Service System Models for Ethnic Minorities. In Reaching the Underserved: Mental Health Needs of Neglected Populations. L. Snowden, ed. Pp. 229?258. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications."}],"container-title":["Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00117563.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF00117563\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00117563","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,27]],"date-time":"2021-06-27T08:08:05Z","timestamp":1624781285000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF00117563"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1990,9]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,9]]}},"alternative-id":["BF00117563"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf00117563","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-005X","1573-076X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-005X","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-076X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1990,9]]}}}