{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T01:20:25Z","timestamp":1725412825194},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1995,7,1]],"date-time":"1995-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":804556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World j. surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cardiac transplant is performed with increasing frequency as the treatment for end\u2010stage cardiac disease. Although cholelithiasis is more frequent in both pretransplant and posttransplant patients, no standard management approach exists. Because many such patients are cared for outside the transplant center, it is important that general surgeons develop an appropriate strategy to manage this entity. We present our experience with 11 patients from our institution who underwent cholecystectomy before or after cardiac transplantation. In addition, we have reviewed the 76 reported cases of cholecystectomy performed in precardiac or postcardiac transplant patients from centers throughout the world. Any procedure in this patient group requires critical consideration in regard to the timing and type of procedure. Pretransplant patients are well recognized cardiac risks, and posttransplant immuno\u2010suppressed patients are at considerable risk for septic complications. Six patients underwent cholecystectomy prior to heart transplant. Five were performed laparoscopically, one as an open procedure. We also report five laparoscopic cholecystectomies in patients after cardiac transplant. One patient in the pretransplant group died 7\u00a0days after surgery from an uncontrollable arrhythmia. There were no hemodynamic or septic complications in either group. Current summated experience (87 cases) indicates that the mortality rate for urgent cholecystectomy in the posttransplant group is at least 36%. Because the first presentation of gallstones in this population is often acute cholecystitis, asymptomatic calculi cannot be considered benign. Elective cholecystectomy, laparoscopic or open, is tolerated well both before and after transplant. Given these facts, it seems reasonable to recommend pretransplant screening and posttransplant surveillance for gallstones. Prophylactic pretransplant laparoscopic cholecystectomy should be undertaken in the stable patient to avoid the substantial mortality associated with postoperative acute cholecystitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/bf00294752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,6]],"date-time":"2004-10-06T08:54:55Z","timestamp":1097052895000},"page":"661-667","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Optimal timing and indications for cholecystectomy in cardiac transplant patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Dennis G.","family":"Begos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Yale University School of Medicine 333 Cedar Street 06510 New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenneth L.","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Yale University School of Medicine 333 Cedar Street 06510 New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John C.","family":"Baldwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Yale University School of Medicine 333 Cedar Street 06510 New Haven Connecticut USA"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology Yale University School of Medicine 333 Cedar Street 06510 New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Forrester A.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Baylor College of Medicine 1 Baylor Plaza 77030 Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James H.","family":"Revkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Baylor College of Medicine 1 Baylor Plaza 77030 Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irvin M.","family":"Modlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Yale University School of Medicine 333 Cedar Street 06510 New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1995,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a113978"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.33.1.103"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-198701000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"1029","article-title":"Prevalence and management of cholelithiasis in heart transplant patients","volume":"10","author":"Steck T.B.","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Heart Lung Transplant."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"404","article-title":"Increased incidence of cholelithiasis in heart transplant recipients receiving cyclosporine therapy","volume":"9","author":"Spes C.H.","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Heart Transplant."},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","first-page":"841","article-title":"The mechanism of cyclosporine induced cholestasis in the rat","volume":"20","author":"Stone B.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Transplant. Proc."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"4149","article-title":"Cyclosporine induced cholestasis: inhibition of bile acid secretion is caused by the parental molecule","volume":"19","author":"Le Thai B.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Transplant. Proc."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"2757","article-title":"Cholestasis in heart transplant recipients treated with cyclosporine","volume":"4","author":"Schade R.R.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Transplant. Proc."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"391","article-title":"Significance of asymptomatic biliary tract disease in heart transplant recipients","volume":"8","author":"Girardet R.E.","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Heart Transplant."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"269","article-title":"Cholecystectomy in the potential heart transplant patient","volume":"10","author":"Boline G.B.","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Heart Lung Transplant."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"831","article-title":"Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the heart transplant candidate with acute cholecystitis","volume":"11","author":"Carroll B.J.","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Heart Lung Transplant."},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"290","article-title":"Ischemic cardiomyopathy: criteria for coronary revascularization and cardiac transplantation","volume":"84","author":"Louie H.W.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(91)90747-W"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"808","article-title":"Placement of intra\u2010aortic baloon pump allows definitive biliary surgery in patients with severe cardiac disease","volume":"106","author":"Georgen R.F.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199209000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","first-page":"548","article-title":"Laparoscopy in high\u2010risk cardiac patients","volume":"176","author":"Safran D.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Surg. Gynecol. Obstet."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"535","article-title":"Cardiovascular changes during laparoscopic cholecystectomy","volume":"175","author":"Westerband A.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Surg. Gynecol. Obstet."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1991.01410320083011"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","first-page":"739","article-title":"General surgical complications in heart and heart\u2010lung transplantation","volume":"98","author":"Steed D.L.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","first-page":"32","article-title":"Complications in cardiac transplant patients requiring general surgery","volume":"103","author":"Colon R.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","first-page":"259","article-title":"Management of general surgical problems after cardiac transplantation","volume":"31","author":"Jones M.T.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Can. J. Surg."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","first-page":"400","article-title":"Extracardiac surgical complications in heart transplant recipients","volume":"8","author":"Parascandola S.A.","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Heart Transplant."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1989.01410050029004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(89)90441-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","first-page":"190","article-title":"Surgery after heart transplantation","volume":"22","author":"Aarnio P.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Transplant. Proc."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1991.01410290043009"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","first-page":"547","article-title":"Gastrointestinal complications in heart and in heart\u2010lung transplant patients","volume":"10","author":"Augustine S.M.","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Heart Lung Transplant."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","first-page":"147","article-title":"Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in heart transplant recipients","volume":"12","author":"Lopez P.","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Heart Lung Transplant."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","first-page":"137","article-title":"Effect of bile on cyclosporine absorption in dogs","volume":"1","author":"Venkataramanan R.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Res. Commun. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol."}],"container-title":["World Journal of Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00294752.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF00294752\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00294752","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,27]],"date-time":"2023-12-27T19:43:32Z","timestamp":1703706212000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1007\/BF00294752"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,7]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1007\/BF00294752"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf00294752","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0364-2313","1432-2323"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0364-2313","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2323","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,7]]}}}