{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T01:21:07Z","timestamp":1778808067591,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1991,10,1]],"date-time":"1991-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":686275200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Oecologia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf00320807","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,10]],"date-time":"2004-12-10T05:26:56Z","timestamp":1102656416000},"page":"167-172","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["A causal analysis of diet composition in free ranging cattle in reed-dominated vegetation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"J. T.","family":"Vulink","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. J.","family":"Drost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"CR1","volume-title":"The nutrient requirements of ruminant live stock","author":"Agricultural Research Council (ARC)","year":"1980","unstructured":"Agricultural Research Council (ARC) (1980) The nutrient requirements of ruminant live stock. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, London"},{"key":"CR2","first-page":"19","volume":"13","author":"GW Arnold","year":"1985","unstructured":"Arnold GW (1985) Comparison of the time budgets and circadian patterns of maintenance activities in sheep, cattle, horses grouped together. Appl Anim Ethol 13:19?23","journal-title":"Appl Anim Ethol"},{"key":"CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-009-2255-6","volume-title":"Nature Management by Grazing and Cutting","author":"JP Bakker","year":"1989","unstructured":"Bakker JP (1989) Nature Management by Grazing and Cutting. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht"},{"key":"CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/0040-5809(78)90007-2","volume":"14","author":"GE Belovsky","year":"1978","unstructured":"Belovsky GE (1978) Diet optimization in a generalist herbivore: the moose. Theor Pop Biol 14:105?134","journal-title":"Theor Pop Biol"},{"key":"CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/0040-5809(84)90009-1","volume":"25","author":"GE Belovsky","year":"1984","unstructured":"Belovsky GE (1984a) Snowshoe hare optimal foraging and its implications for population dynamics. Theor Pop Biol 25:235?264","journal-title":"Theor Pop Biol"},{"key":"CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.2307\/2425316","volume":"111","author":"GE Belovsky","year":"1984","unstructured":"Belovsky GE (1984b) Summer diet optimization by beaver. Am Midl Nat 111:209?222","journal-title":"Am Midl Nat"},{"key":"CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00377109","volume":"70","author":"GE Belovsky","year":"1986","unstructured":"Belovsky GE (1986) Optimal foraging and community structure: implications for a guild of generalist grassland herbivores. Oecologia 70:35?52","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"CR8","unstructured":"Bokdam J, Gleichman JM (1988) The effect of cattle grazing on the development of Calluna vulgaris and Deschampsia flexuosa. Report LU-NB-M251, Wageningen University"},{"key":"CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.2307\/3897201","volume":"31","author":"FJ Cordova","year":"1978","unstructured":"Cordova FJ, Wallace JD, Pieper RD (1978) Forage intake by grazing livestock: a review. J Range Manage 31:430?439","journal-title":"J Range Manage"},{"key":"CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.2307\/2403934","volume":"23","author":"J Leeuw De","year":"1986","unstructured":"De Leeuw J, Bakker JP (1986) Sheep grazing with different foraging efficiences in a dutch mixed grassland. J Appl Ecol 23:781?793","journal-title":"J Appl Ecol"},{"key":"CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1086\/283937","volume":"119","author":"MA Hixon","year":"1982","unstructured":"Hixon MA (1982) Energy maximizers and time minimizers: theory and reality. Am Nat 119:596?599","journal-title":"Am Nat"},{"key":"CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/3808046","volume":"47","author":"NT Hobbs","year":"1983","unstructured":"Hobbs NT, Bakker DL, Gill RB (1983) Comparative nutritional ecology of montane ungulates during winter. J Wildl Manage 47:1?16","journal-title":"J Wildl Manage"},{"key":"CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00379866","volume":"66","author":"WH Karasov","year":"1985","unstructured":"Karasov WH (1985) Nutrient constraints in the feeding ecology of an omnivore in a seasonal environment. Oecologia 66:280?290","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"CR14","unstructured":"Prins HHT (1987) The Buffalo of Manyara, The Individual in the Context of Herd Life in a Seasonal Environment of East Africa. Ph.D.thesis, University of Groningen"},{"key":"CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1086\/409852","volume":"55","author":"GH Pyke","year":"1977","unstructured":"Pyke GH, Pulliam HR, Charnov EL (1977) Optimal foraging: a selective review of theory and tests. Quart Rev Biol 55:137?154","journal-title":"Quart Rev Biol"},{"key":"CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.es.02.110171.002101","volume":"2","author":"TW Schoener","year":"1971","unstructured":"Schoener TW (1971) Theory of feeding strategies. Ann Rev Ecol Syst 2:369?403","journal-title":"Ann Rev Ecol Syst"},{"key":"CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.2307\/2403585","volume":"27","author":"EJM Deursen Van","year":"1990","unstructured":"Van Deursen EJM, Drost HJ (1990) Defoliation and treading by cattle of reed Phragmites australis. J Appl Ecol 27:284?279","journal-title":"J Appl Ecol"},{"key":"CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1965.243834x","volume":"24","author":"PJ Soest Van","year":"1965","unstructured":"Van Soest PJ (1965) Symposium on factors influencing the voluntary intake of herbage by ruminants: voluntary intake in relation to chemical composition and digestibility. J Anim Sci 24:834?843","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"CR19","volume-title":"Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant","author":"PJ Soest Van","year":"1982","unstructured":"Van Soest PJ (1982) Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant. O & B Books, Oregon"},{"key":"CR20","unstructured":"Van Wijngaarden W (1985) Elephants-trees-grass-grazers; relationship between climate, soils, vegetation and large herbivores in a semi-arid savanna ecosystem (Tsavo, Kenya). Ph.D.thesis University of Wageningen ITC Publication 4, Enschede"},{"key":"CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02270727","volume":"3","author":"C Verlinden","year":"1989","unstructured":"Verlinden C, Wiley RH (1989) The constraints of digestive rate: an alternative model of diet selection. Evol Ecol 3:264?273","journal-title":"Evol Ecol"},{"key":"CR22","unstructured":"Vulink JT, Drost HJ (in press) Seasonal nutritional characteristics of cattle food plants in the nature reserve Oostvaardersplassen. Neth J Agr Sci"},{"key":"CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1982.544885x","volume":"54","author":"JG Welch","year":"1982","unstructured":"Welch JG (1982) Rumination, particle size and passage from the rumen. J Anim Sci 54:885?894","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1969.286827x","volume":"28","author":"JG Welch","year":"1969","unstructured":"Welch JG, Smith AM (1969) Effect of varying amounts of forage intake on rumination. J Anim Sci 28:827?830","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(70)86293-2","volume":"53","author":"JG Welch","year":"1970","unstructured":"Welch JG, Smith AM (1970) Forage quality and rumination time in cattle. J Dairy Sci 53:797?800","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"}],"container-title":["Oecologia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00320807.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF00320807\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00320807","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,3]],"date-time":"2019-04-03T19:38:41Z","timestamp":1554320321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF00320807"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1991,10]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,10]]}},"alternative-id":["BF00320807"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf00320807","relation":{},"ISSN":["0029-8549","1432-1939"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0029-8549","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1939","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1991,10]]}}}