{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T22:17:26Z","timestamp":1791152246875,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,12,1]],"date-time":"1996-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":849398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Oecologia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf00329036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,10]],"date-time":"2004-12-10T00:51:33Z","timestamp":1102639893000},"page":"631-639","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":140,"title":["Growth and mortality of nestling great tits (Parus major) and pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) in a heavy metal pollution gradient"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Tapio","family":"Eeva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esa","family":"Lehikoinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.2307\/3676287","volume":"4","author":"C Askenmo","year":"1973","unstructured":"Askenmo C (1973) Nestling weight and its relation to season and brood-size in the pied flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca (Pallas). Ornis Scand 4: 25?31","journal-title":"Ornis Scand"},{"key":"CR2","first-page":"29","volume":"13","author":"G Bengtsson","year":"1984","unstructured":"Bengtsson G, Rundgren S (1984) Ground-living invertebrates in metal-polluted forest soils. Ambio 13: 29?33","journal-title":"Ambio"},{"key":"CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-9351(83)90112-3","volume":"32","author":"BW Cain","year":"1983","unstructured":"Cain BW, Sileo L, Franson JC, Moore J (1983) Effects of dietary cadmium on mallard ducklings. Environ Res 32: 286?297","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"CR4","volume-title":"The birds of the Western Palearctic, vol VII","year":"1993","unstructured":"Cramp S, Perrins CM (eds) (1993) The birds of the Western Palearctic, vol VII. Oxford University Press, Oxford"},{"key":"CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00329798","volume":"102","author":"T Eeva","year":"1995","unstructured":"Eeva T, Lehikoinen E (1995) Egg shell quality, clutch size and hatching success of the great tit (Parus major) and the pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) in an air pollution gradient. Oecologia 102: 312?323","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00260522","volume":"8","author":"H Fritze","year":"1989","unstructured":"Fritze H, Niini S, Mikkola K, M\u00e4kinen A (1989) Soil microbial effects of Cu?Ni smelter in southwestern Finland. Biol Fertil Soils 8: 87?94","journal-title":"Biol Fertil Soils"},{"key":"CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-015-1322-7","volume-title":"Birds as monitors of environmental change","author":"RW Furness","year":"1993","unstructured":"Furness RW, Greenwood JJD, Jarvis PJ (1993) Can birds be used to monitor the environment? In: Furness RW, Greenwood JJD (eds) Birds as monitors of environmental change. Chapman and Hall, London, pp 1?41"},{"key":"CR8","first-page":"1","volume":"12","author":"RA Goyer","year":"1973","unstructured":"Goyer RA, Rhyne BC (1973) Pathological effects of lead. Int Rev Exp Pathol 12: 1?77","journal-title":"Int Rev Exp Pathol"},{"key":"CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01939390","volume":"46","author":"J Graveland","year":"1990","unstructured":"Graveland J (1990) Effects of acid precipitation on reproduction in birds. Experientia 46: 962?970","journal-title":"Experientia"},{"key":"CR10","first-page":"299","volume":"82","author":"J Graveland","year":"1994","unstructured":"Graveland J, Gijzen T van (1994) Arthropods and seeds are not sufficient as calcium sources for shell formation and skeletal growth in passerines. Ardea 82: 299?314","journal-title":"Ardea"},{"key":"CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/0143-1471(86)90005-X","volume":"42","author":"CE Grue","year":"1986","unstructured":"Grue CE, Hoffman DJ, Beyer WN, Franson LP (1986) Lead concentrations and reproductive success in European starlings Sturnus vulgaris nesting within highway roadside verges. Environ Pollut Ser A 42: 157?182","journal-title":"Environ Pollut Ser A"},{"key":"CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.2307\/3544572","volume":"38","author":"BA Hunter","year":"1982","unstructured":"Hunter BA, Johnson MS (1982) Food chain relationships of copper and cadmium in contaminated grassland ecosystems. Oikos 38: 108?117","journal-title":"Oikos"},{"key":"CR13","first-page":"83","volume":"23","author":"V Hynninen","year":"1986","unstructured":"Hynninen V (1986) Monitoring of airborne metal pollution with moss bags near an industrial source at Harjavalta, southwest Finland. Ann Bot Fenn 23: 83?90","journal-title":"Ann Bot Fenn"},{"key":"CR14","series-title":"Reports from Finnish Forest Research Institute","volume-title":"Forests and air pollution (in Finnish)","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hyv\u00e4rinen A, Jukola-Sulonen E-L, Mikkel\u00e4 H, Nieminen T (eds) (1993) Forests and air pollution (in Finnish). Reports from Finnish Forest Research Institute, 446. Gummerus Kirjapaino Oy, Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4"},{"key":"CR15","first-page":"1","volume":"4","author":"I Jussila","year":"1991","unstructured":"Jussila I, Jormalainen V (1991) Spreading of heavy metals and some other air pollutants at Pori-Harjavalta district in SW-Finland (in Finnish with English summary). SYKE publications B 4: 1?58","journal-title":"SYKE publications B"},{"key":"CR16","first-page":"1","volume":"2","author":"I Jussila","year":"1991","unstructured":"Jussila I, Laihonen P, Jormalainen V (1991) A bioindicator study on the effects of air pollution on forest ecosystem at Pori-Harjavalta district in SW-Finland (in Finnish with English summary). SYKE publications B 2: 1?62","journal-title":"SYKE publications B"},{"key":"CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1093\/ee\/21.6.1386","volume":"21","author":"J Koricheva","year":"1992","unstructured":"Koricheva J, Haukioja E (1992) Effects of air pollution on host plant quality, individual performance, and population density of Eriocrania miners (Lepidoptera: Eriocraniidae). Environ Entomol 21: 1386?1392","journal-title":"Environ Entomol"},{"key":"CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/0269-7491(95)91046-N","volume":"88","author":"J Koricheva","year":"1995","unstructured":"Koricheva J, Haukioja E (1995) Variations in chemical composition of birch foliage under air pollution stress and their consequences for Eriocrania miners. Environ Pollut 88: 41?50","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"CR19","first-page":"153","volume":"26","author":"P Koskimies","year":"1989","unstructured":"Koskimies P (1989) Birds as a tool in environmental monitoring. Ann Zool Fenn 26: 153?166","journal-title":"Ann Zool Fenn"},{"key":"CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01701876","volume":"43","author":"ML Kraus","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kraus ML (1989) Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in pre-fledgling tree swallows, Tachycineta bicolor. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 43: 407?414","journal-title":"Bull Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-75450-0_21","volume-title":"Acidification in Finland","author":"E Kubin","year":"1990","unstructured":"Kubin E (1990) A survey of element concentrations in the epiphytic lichen Hypogymnia physodes in Finland in 1985?86. In: Kauppi P, Anttila P, Kentt\u00e4mies K (eds) Acidification in Finland. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, pp 421?446"},{"key":"CR22","first-page":"81","volume":"12","author":"K Laaksovirta","year":"1975","unstructured":"Laaksovirta K, Silvola J (1975) Effect of air pollution by copper, sulphuric acid and fertilizer factories on plants at Harjavalta, W. Finland. Ann Bot Fenn 12: 81?88","journal-title":"Ann Bot Fenn"},{"key":"CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01701875","volume":"43","author":"C Leonzio","year":"1989","unstructured":"Leonzio C, Massi A (1989) Metal biomonitoring in bird eggs: a critical experiment. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 43:402?406","journal-title":"Bull Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1093\/ee\/21.1.160","volume":"21","author":"L Lindqvist","year":"1992","unstructured":"Lindqvist L (1992) Accumulation of cadmium, copper, and zinc in five species of phytophagous insects. Environ Entomol 21:160?163","journal-title":"Environ Entomol"},{"key":"CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.es.18.110187.002321","volume":"18","author":"TE Martin","year":"1987","unstructured":"Martin TE (1987) Food as a limit on breeding birds: a life-history perspective. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 18:453?487","journal-title":"Annu Rev Ecol Syst"},{"key":"CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01141350","volume":"24","author":"AK Miles","year":"1993","unstructured":"Miles AK, Grue CE, Pendleton GW, Soares JH Jr (1993) Effects of dietary aluminum, calcium, and phosphorus on egg and bone of european starlings. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 24:206?212","journal-title":"Arch Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-6784-4_10","volume":"3","author":"ML Morrison","year":"1986","unstructured":"Morrison ML (1986) Bird populations as indicators of environmental change. Current Ornithol 3:429?451","journal-title":"Current Ornithol"},{"key":"CR28","unstructured":"Nyholm NEI (1990) Bio-indication of heavy metal pollution in the terrestrial environment, by means of insectivorous birds. Proc. Intern. Symp. Ecotox., Munich, Nov., 1990, GSF-Bericht 1\/92: pp 213?228"},{"key":"CR29","volume-title":"Ecotoxicology of soil organisms","author":"NEI Nyholm","year":"1994","unstructured":"Nyholm NEI (1994) Heavy metal tissue levels, impact on breeding and nestling development in natural populations of pied flycatchers (Aves) in the pollution gradient from a smelter. In: Donker M, Eijsackers H, Heimbach F (eds) Ecotoxicology of soil organisms. Lewis, Chelsee, USA"},{"key":"CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1139\/a93-013","volume":"1","author":"PM Outridge","year":"1993","unstructured":"Outridge PM, Scheuhammer AM (1993) Bioaccumulation and toxicology of nickel: implications for wild mammals and birds. Environ Rev 1:172?197","journal-title":"Environ Rev"},{"key":"CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01055643","volume":"13","author":"OH Pattee","year":"1984","unstructured":"Pattee OH (1984) Eggshell thickness and reproduction in American kestrels exposed to chronic dietary lead. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 13:29?34","journal-title":"Arch Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.2307\/4083621","volume":"85","author":"RE Ricklefs","year":"1968","unstructured":"Ricklefs RE (1968) Weight recession in nestling birds. Auk 85: 30?35","journal-title":"Auk"},{"key":"CR33","volume-title":"avian biology, vol VII","author":"RE Ricklefs","year":"1983","unstructured":"Ricklefs RE (1983) Avian postnatal development. In: Farner DS, King JR, Parkes KC (eds) avian biology, vol VII. Academic Press, London"},{"key":"CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.2307\/1311339","volume":"40","author":"M Root","year":"1990","unstructured":"Root M (1990) Biological monitors of pollution. Bioscience 40:83?86","journal-title":"Bioscience"},{"key":"CR35","volume-title":"Survey of atmospheric heavy metal deposition in the Nordic countries in 1985 ? monitored by moss analyses (Nord 1987:21)","author":"A R\u00fchling","year":"1987","unstructured":"R\u00fchling A, Rasmussen L, Pilegaard K, M\u00e4kinen A, Steinnes E (1987) Survey of atmospheric heavy metal deposition in the Nordic countries in 1985 ? monitored by moss analyses (Nord 1987:21). The Nordic Council of Ministers, G\u00f6teborg"},{"key":"CR36","volume-title":"SAS\/STAT user's guide","author":"SAS Institute","year":"1989","unstructured":"SAS Institute (1989) SAS\/STAT user's guide, 4th edn, vol 1?2. SAS Institute, Cary","edition":"4th edn"},{"key":"CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/0143-1471(86)90014-0","volume":"42","author":"K Sawicka-Kapusta","year":"1986","unstructured":"Sawicka-Kapusta K, Kozlowski J, Sokolowska T (1986) Heavy metals in tits from polluted forests in southern poland. Environ Pollut Ser A 42:297?310","journal-title":"Environ Pollut Ser A"},{"key":"CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/0269-7491(87)90173-4","volume":"46","author":"AM Scheuhammer","year":"1987","unstructured":"Scheuhammer AM (1987) The chronic toxicity of aluminium, cadmium, mercury, and lead in birds: a review. Environ Pollut 46:263?295","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01689398","volume":"40","author":"AM Scheuhammer","year":"1988","unstructured":"Scheuhammer AM (1988) Chronic dietary toxicity of methylmercury in the zebra finch, Poephila guttata. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 40:123?130","journal-title":"Bull Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/0269-7491(91)90036-V","volume":"71","author":"AM Scheuhammer","year":"1991","unstructured":"Scheuhammer AM (1991) Effects of acidification on the availability of toxic metals and calcium to wild birds and mammals. Environ Pollut 71:329?375","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"CR41","first-page":"517","volume":"43","author":"B Silverin","year":"1984","unstructured":"Silverin B, Andersson G (1984) Food composition of adult and nestling Pied Flycatchers, Ficedula hypoleuca, during the breeding period (in Swedish with English summary). V\u00e5r F\u00e5gelv\u00e4rld 43:517?524","journal-title":"V\u00e5r F\u00e5gelv\u00e4rld"},{"key":"CR42","first-page":"270","volume":"5","author":"J Sippola","year":"1986","unstructured":"Sippola J, Ervi\u00f6 R (1986) Heavy metals in soil and cultivated plants around Harjavalta factories (in Finnish). Ymp Terv 5:270?275","journal-title":"Ymp Terv"},{"key":"CR43","first-page":"933","volume":"76","author":"KM Six","year":"1970","unstructured":"Six KM, Goyer RA (1970) Experimental enhancement of lead toxicity by low dietary calcium. J Lab Clin Med 76:933?942","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"CR44","volume-title":"Identification guide to european passerines","author":"L Svensson","year":"1992","unstructured":"Svensson L (1992) Identification guide to european passerines, 4th edn. Fingraf, S\u00f6dert\u00e4lje","edition":"4th edn."},{"key":"CR45","first-page":"1","volume":"8","author":"S Tejning","year":"1967","unstructured":"Tejning S (1967) Biological effects of methyl mercury dicyandiamide-treated grain in the domestic fowl Gallus gallus L. Oikos Suppl 8:1?116","journal-title":"Oikos Suppl"},{"key":"CR46","volume-title":"Axum. Technical graphics and data analysis, reference","author":"TriMetrix","year":"1993","unstructured":"TriMetrix (1993) Axum. Technical graphics and data analysis, reference, 3rd edn. TriMetrix, Seattle","edition":"3rd edn."},{"key":"CR47","first-page":"57","volume":"55","author":"L Yl\u00e4-Mononen","year":"1989","unstructured":"Yl\u00e4-Mononen L, Salminen P, Wuorenrinne H, Tulisalo E, Nuorteva P (1989) Levels of Fe, Al, Zn and Cd in Formica aquilonia, F. polyctena and Myrmica ruginodis (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) collected in the vicinity of spruces showing different degrees of needle-loss. Ann Entomol Fenn 55:57?61","journal-title":"Ann Entomol Fenn"}],"container-title":["Oecologia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00329036.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF00329036\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00329036","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,8]],"date-time":"2019-04-08T19:22:17Z","timestamp":1554751337000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF00329036"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]}},"alternative-id":["BF00329036"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf00329036","relation":{},"ISSN":["0029-8549","1432-1939"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0029-8549","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1939","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]}}}