{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T14:13:39Z","timestamp":1790000019331,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,2,1]],"date-time":"1996-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":823132800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antonie van Leeuwenhoek"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf00399416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,20]],"date-time":"2004-10-20T04:29:15Z","timestamp":1098246555000},"page":"109-117","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Genetics of subtilin and nisin biosyntheses"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Karl-Dieter","family":"Entian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Willem M.","family":"de Vos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(85)90377-8","volume":"184","author":"M Amemura","year":"1985","unstructured":"Amemura M, Makino K, Shinagawa A, Kobayashi A & Nakata A (1985) Nucleotide sequences of the genes involved in phosphate transport and regulation of the phosphate regulon in Escherichia coli. J. Mol. Biol. 184: 241?250","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.168.1.294-302.1986","volume":"168","author":"M Amemura","year":"1986","unstructured":"Amemura M, Makino K, Shinagawa A & Nakata A (1986) Nucleotide sequence of the phoM region of Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 168: 294?302","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9508","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)76571-5","volume":"263","author":"S Banerjee","year":"1988","unstructured":"Banerjee S & Hansen JN (1988) Structure and expression of a gene encoding the precursor of subtilin, a small protein antibiotic. J. Biol. Chem. 263: 9508?9514","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CR4","first-page":"359","volume-title":"Nisin and Novel Lantibiotics","author":"R Benz","year":"1991","unstructured":"Benz R. Jung G & Sahl HG (1991) Mechanism of channel-formation by lantibiotics in black lipid membranes. In: Jung G & Sahl HG (Eds) Nisin and Novel Lantibiotics (pp 359?372) ESCOM Science Publishers, Leiden, The Netherlands"},{"key":"CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1990.tb00660.x","volume":"4","author":"MA Blight","year":"1990","unstructured":"Blight MA & Holland IB (1990) Structure and function of haemolysin B, P-glycoprotein and other members of a novel family of membrane translocators. Mol. Microbiol. 4: 873?880","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16260","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)37587-2","volume":"263","author":"GW Cuchman","year":"1988","unstructured":"Cuchman GW, Banerjee S & Hansen JN (1988) Structure, expression and evolution of a gene encoding the precursor of nisin, a small protein antibiotic. J. Biol. Chem. 263: 16260?16266","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CR7","first-page":"617","volume":"85","author":"WM Vos De","year":"1995","unstructured":"DeVos WM, Beerthuyzen MM, Luesink EJ & Kuipers OP (1995) Genetics of the nisin-sucrose conjugative transposon Tn5276. Dev. Biol. Stand. 85: 617?625","journal-title":"Dev. Biol. Stand."},{"key":"CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.59.1.213-218.1993","volume":"59","author":"WM Vos De","year":"1993","unstructured":"DeVos WM, Mulders JWM, Siezen RJ, Hugenholtz J & Kuipers O (1993) Properties of nisin Z and distribution of its gene, nisZ, in Lactococcus lactis. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59: 213?218","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Vos WM & Simons G (1994) Gene cloning and expression systems in Lactococci. In: Gasson MJ & De Vos WM (Eds) Genetics and Biotechnology of Lactic Acid Bacteria. (pp 52?105) Chapman & Hall","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-011-1340-3_2"},{"key":"CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-136-3-555","volume":"136","author":"HM Dodd","year":"1990","unstructured":"Dodd HM, Horn N & Gasson MJ (1990) Analysis of the genetic determinants for the production of the peptide antibiotic nisin. J. Gen. Microbiol. 136: 555?566","journal-title":"J. Gen. Microbiol."},{"key":"CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1995.mmi_17030427.x","volume":"17","author":"WM Vos De","year":"1995","unstructured":"DeVos WM, Kuipers OP, van deMeer RJ & Siezen RJ (1995b) Maturation pathway of nisin and other lantibiotics: post-translationally modified antimicrobial peptides exported by Gram-positive bacteria. Mol. Microbiol. 17: 427?437","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"CR12","unstructured":"Eikmanns U, Kiesau P, Gutowski-Eckel Z, Hammelmann M & Entian KD (1995) A multimeric lantionine-synthetase complex is involved in posttranslational maturation of the lantibiotic subtilin. Submitted for publication."},{"key":"CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3730","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.58.11.3730-3743.1992","volume":"58","author":"G Engelke","year":"1992","unstructured":"Engelke G, Gutowski-Eckel Z, Hammelmann M & Entian KD (1992) Biosynthesis of the lantibiotic nisin: genomic organization and membrane localization of the NisB protein. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58: 3730?3743","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.60.3.814-825.1994","volume":"60","author":"G Engelke","year":"1994","unstructured":"Engelke G, Gutowski-Eckel Z, Hammelmann M & Entian KD (1994) Regulation of nisin biosynthesis and immunity in Lactococcus lactis 6F3. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60: 814?825","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Entian KD & Gutowski-Eckel Z (1994) 2nd International Workshop on Lantibiotics, Arnhem November 20?23","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-7012(94)90008-6"},{"key":"CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.163.1.94-105.1985","volume":"163","author":"T Felmlee","year":"1985","unstructured":"Felmlee T, Pellet S, Lee Y & Welch RA (1985) Nucleotide sequence of an Escherichia chromosomal hemolysin. J. Bacteriol. 163: 94?105","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1853","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1988.tb03018.x","volume":"7","author":"MC Garrido","year":"1988","unstructured":"Garrido MC, Herrero M, Kolter R & Moreno F (1988) The export of the DNA replication inhibitor microcin B17 provides immunity for the host cell. EMBO J. 7: 1853?1862","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7449","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/10.22.7449","volume":"10","author":"E Gilson","year":"1982","unstructured":"Gilson E, Nakaido H & Hofnung M (1982) Sequence of the malK gene in E. coli K12. Nucleic Acids Res. 10: 7449?7458","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(86)90594-5","volume":"47","author":"P Gros","year":"1986","unstructured":"Gros P, Croop J & Housman D (1986) Mammalian multi-drug resistance gene: complete cDNA sequence indicates strong homology to bacterial transport proteins. Cell 47: 371?380","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4634","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00747a073","volume":"93","author":"E Gross","year":"1971","unstructured":"Gross E & Morell JL (1971) The structure of nisin. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 93: 4634?4635","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(73)90876-0","volume":"50","author":"E Gross","year":"1973","unstructured":"Gross E & Kiltz H (1973) The number and nature of ?,?-unsaturated amino acids in subtilin. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 50: 559?565","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.60.1.1-11.1994","volume":"60","author":"Z Gutowski-Eckel","year":"1994","unstructured":"Gutowski-Eckel Z, Klein C, Siegers K, Bohm K, Hammelmann M & Entian KD (1994) Growth phase-dependent regulation and membrane localization of SpaB, a protein involved in biosynthesis of the lantibiotic subtilin. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60: 1?11","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"CR23","first-page":"309","volume-title":"Nisin and Novel Lantibiotics","author":"JN Hansen","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hansen JN, Chung YJ, Liu W. Steen MT (1991) Biosynthesis and mechanism of action of nisin and subtilin. In: Jung G & Sahl HG (Eds) Nisin and Novel Lantibiotics. (pp 309?319) ESCOM Science Publishers, Leiden, The Netherlands"},{"key":"CR24","first-page":"125","volume":"195","author":"CF Higgins","year":"1985","unstructured":"Higgins CF, Hiles ID, Whalley K & Jamieson DJ (1985) Molecular characterization of the oligopeptide permease of Salmonella typhimurium. J. Mol. Biol. 195: 125?142","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022029900006063","volume":"18","author":"A Hirsch","year":"1951","unstructured":"Hirsch A & Grindsted E (1951) The differentiation of the lactic streptococci and their antibiotics. J. Dairy Res. 18: 198?204","journal-title":"J. Dairy Res."},{"key":"CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00282457","volume":"228","author":"N Horn","year":"1991","unstructured":"Horn N, Swindell S, Dodd H & Gasson MJ (1991) Nisin biosynthesis genes are encoded by a novel conjugative transposon. Mol. Gen. Genet. 228: 129?135","journal-title":"Mol. Gen. Genet."},{"key":"CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2164(08)70342-3","volume":"27","author":"A Hurst","year":"1981","unstructured":"Hurst A (1981) Nisin. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. 27: 85?123","journal-title":"Adv. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.171.3.1597-1601.1989","volume":"171","author":"C Kaletta","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kaletta C & Entian KD (1989) Nisin, a peptide antibiotic: cloning and sequencing of the nisA gene and posttranslational processing of its peptide product. J. Bacteriol. 171: 1597?1601","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"CR29","first-page":"309","volume-title":"Nisin and Novel Lantibiotics","author":"C Kaletta","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kaletta C, Klein C, Schnell N & Entian KD (1991) An operon-like structure of genes involved in subtilin biosynthesis. In: Jung G & Sahl HG (Eds) Nisin and Novel Lantibiotics. (pp 309?319) ESCOM Science Publishers, Leiden, The Netherlands"},{"key":"CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2793","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.60.8.2793-2801.1994","volume":"60","author":"C Klein","year":"1994","unstructured":"Klein C & Entian KD (1994) Genes involved in self-protection against the lantibiotic subtilin produced by Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60: 2793?2801","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"CR31","unstructured":"Klein C & Entian KD (1994b) 2 nd International Workshop on Lantibiotics, Arnhem November 20?23"},{"key":"CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.59.1.296-303.1993","volume":"59","author":"C Klein","year":"1993","unstructured":"Klein C, Kaletta C & Entian KD (1993) Biosynthesis of lantibiotic subtilin is regulated by a histidien kinase\/response regulator system. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59: 296?303","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.58.1.132-142.1992","volume":"58","author":"C Klein","year":"1992","unstructured":"Klein C, Kaletta C, Schnell N & Entian KD (1992) Analysis of genes involved in biosynthesis of the lantibiotic subtilin. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58: 132?142","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.61.2.788-792.1995","volume":"61","author":"N Klijn","year":"1995","unstructured":"Klijn N, Weerkamp AH & DeVos WM (1995) Detection and characterization of lactose utilizing Lactococcus spp. in natural ecosystems. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61: 788?792","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8568","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/15.20.8568","volume":"15","author":"R Kraft","year":"1987","unstructured":"Kraft R & Leinwand LA (1987) Sequence of the complete P protein gene and part of the M protein gene from the histidine transport operon of Escherichia coli compared to that of Salmonella typhimurium. Nucleic Acids Res. 15: 8568","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.167.1.110-116.1986","volume":"167","author":"Y Koide","year":"1986","unstructured":"Koide Y, Nakamura A, Uozomi T & Beppu T (1986) Cloning and sequencing of the major introcellular serine protease gene of Bacillus subtilis. J. Bacteriol. 167: 110?116","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27299","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.45.27299","volume":"270","author":"OP Kuipers","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kuipers OP, Beerthuyzen MM, DeRuyter PCM, Luesink EJ & DeVos WM (1995) Autoregulation of nisin biosynthesis in Lactococcus lactis by signal transduction. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 27299?27304","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1993.tb18143.x","volume":"216","author":"OP Kuipers","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kuipers OP, Beerthuyzen MM, Siezen RJ & DeVos WM (1993a) Characterization of the Tn5276-located nisin gene cluster nis-ABTCIPR of Lactococcus lactis and evidence for the involvement of expression of nisl and nisA in producer immunity. Eur. J. Biochem. 216: 281?291","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(93)80911-D","volume":"330","author":"OP Kuipers","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kuipers OP, Rollema HS, DeVos WM & Siezen RJ (1993b) Biosynthesis and secretion of precursor of nisin Z by Lactococcus lactis directed by the leader peptide of subtilin. FEBS Lett. 330: 23?27","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24340","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)35771-5","volume":"267","author":"OP Kuipers","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kuipers OP, Rollema HS, Yap WGMJ, Boot HJ, Siezen RJ & DeVos WM (1992) Engineering dehydrated amino acid residues in the antimicrobial peptide nisin. J. Biol. Chem. 267: 24340?24346","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7591","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/13.21.7591","volume":"13","author":"SA MacFarlane","year":"1985","unstructured":"MacFarlane SA & Merrick M (1985) The nucleotide sequence of the nitrogen regulation gene ntrB and the glnA-ntrBC intergenic region of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Nucleic. Acids Res. 13: 7591?7606","journal-title":"Nucleic. Acids Res."},{"key":"CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1038\/154551a0","volume":"154","author":"ATR Mattick","year":"1944","unstructured":"Mattick ATR & Hirsch A (1944) A powerful inhibitory substance produced by group N streptococci. Nature (Lond.) 154: 551","journal-title":"Nature (Lond.)"},{"key":"CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(47)90004-4","volume":"ii","author":"ATR Mattick","year":"1947","unstructured":"Mattick ATR & Hirsch A (1947) Further observation on an inhibitory sustance (nisin) from lactic streptococci. Lancet ii: 5?12","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(85)80775-4","volume":"183","author":"B Meloun","year":"1985","unstructured":"Meloun B, Baudys M, Kostka V, Hausdorf G, Frommel C & Hohne WE (1985) Complete primary structure of thermitase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris and its structural features related to the subtilisin-like proteinases. FEBS Lett. 183: 195?200","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"CR45","first-page":"287","volume-title":"Genetics and Biotechnology of Bacilli, Vol 3","author":"CP Moran Jr.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Moran CPJr (1990) Expression of sigma A and sigma H regulons during stationary phase and endospore formation. In: Zukowski MM, Gansesam AT & Hoch JA (Eds) Genetics and Biotechnology of Bacilli, Vol 3 (pp 287?294). Academic Press, Inc., San Diego"},{"key":"CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1991.tb16317.x","volume":"201","author":"JWM Mulders","year":"1991","unstructured":"Mulders JWM, Boerrigter IJ, Rollema HS, Siezen RJ & DeVos WM (1991) Identification and characterization of the lantibiotic nisin Z, a natural nisin variant. Eur. J. Biochem. 201: 581?584","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00330613","volume":"211","author":"AP Pugsley","year":"1988","unstructured":"Pugsley AP (1988) The immunity and lysis genes of ColN plasmid pCHAP4. Mol. Gen. Genet. 211: 335?341","journal-title":"Mol. Gen. Genet."},{"key":"CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4253","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/18.14.4253","volume":"18","author":"PJG Rauch","year":"1990","unstructured":"Rauch PJG, Beerthuyzen MM & DeVos WM (1990) Nucleotide sequence of IS904 from Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis strain NIZO R5. Nucl. Acids Res. 18: 4253?4254","journal-title":"Nucl. Acids Res."},{"key":"CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1798","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.60.6.1798-1804.1994","volume":"60","author":"PJG Rauch","year":"1994","unstructured":"Rauch PJG, Beerthuyzen MM & DeVos WM (1994) Distribution and evolution of nisin sucrose elements in Lactococcus lactis. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60: 1798?1804","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.174.4.1280-1287.1992","volume":"174","author":"PJG Rauch","year":"1992","unstructured":"Rauch PJG & DeVos WM (1992a) Characterization of the novel nisin-sucrose conjugative transposon Tn5276 and its integration in Lactococcus lactis. J. Bacteriol. 174: 1280?1287","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(92)90161-H","volume":"121","author":"PJG Rauch","year":"1992","unstructured":"Rauch PJG & DeVos WM (1992b) Transcriptional regulation of the Tn5276-located Lactococcus lactis sucrose operon. Gene 121: 55?61","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.176.8.2165-2171.1994","volume":"176","author":"PJG Rauch","year":"1994","unstructured":"Rauch PJG & DeVos WM (1994) Identification and characterization of genes involved in excision of the Lactococcus lactis conjugative transposon Tn5276. J. Bacteriol. 176: 2165?2171","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-2668-1_6","volume-title":"Bacteriocins of Lactic Acid Bacteria","author":"PJG Rauch","year":"1994","unstructured":"Rauch PJG, Kuipers OP, Siezen RJ & DeVos WM (1994) Genetics and protein engineering of nisin. In: DeVuyst L & Vandamme J (eds) Bacteriocins of Lactic Acid Bacteria. (pp 223?249) Chapmann & Hall, London"},{"key":"CR54","first-page":"607","volume-title":"Biotechnology of Industrial Antibiotics","author":"K Rayman","year":"1984","unstructured":"Rayman K & Hurst A (1984) Nisin: properties, biosynthesis, and fermentation. In: Vandamme EJ (Ed) Biotechnology of Industrial Antibiotics. (pp 607?628) Marcel Dekker, New York"},{"key":"CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00427192","volume":"127","author":"P Reisinger","year":"1980","unstructured":"Reisinger P, Seidel H, Tschesche H & Hammes W (1980) The effect of nisin on murein synthesis. Arch. Microbiol. 127: 187?193","journal-title":"Arch. Microbiol."},{"key":"CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2475911","volume":"245","author":"JR Riordan","year":"1989","unstructured":"Riordan JR, Rommens JM, Kerem BS, Alon N, Rozmahel R, Grzelczak Z, Zielenski J, Lok S, Plavic N, Chou JL & Drumm ML (1989) Identification of the cystic fibrosis gene: cloning and characterization of complementary DNA. Science 245: 1066?1073","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.162.2.833-836.1985","volume":"162","author":"E Ruhr","year":"1985","unstructured":"Ruhr E & Sahl HG (1985) Mode of action of the peptide antibiotic nisin and influence on the membrane potential of whole cells and on cytoplasmic and artificial membrane vesicles. J. Bacteriol. 162: 833?836","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00425076","volume":"149","author":"HG Sahl","year":"1987","unstructured":"Sahl HG, Kordel M & Benz R (1987) Voltage-dependent depolarization of bacterial membranes and artificial lipid bilayers by peptide antibiotic nisin. Arch. Microbiol. 149: 120?124","journal-title":"Arch. Microbiol."},{"key":"CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8425","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.22.8425","volume":"85","author":"DA Sanders","year":"1988","unstructured":"Sanders DA & Koshland DEJr (1988) Receptor interactions through phosphorylation and methylation pathways in bacterial chemotaxis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85: 8425?8429","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"CR60","unstructured":"Saris PEJ (1994) 2nd International Workshop on Lantibiottics, Arnhem November 20?23"},{"key":"CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1038\/333276a0","volume":"333","author":"N Schnell","year":"1988","unstructured":"Schnell N, Entian KD, G\u00f6tz F, H\u00f6rner T, Kellner R & Jung G (1988) Prepeptide sequence of epidermin, a ribosomally synthesized antibiotic with four sulphide-rings. Nature (Lond.) 333: 276?278","journal-title":"Nature (Lond.)"},{"key":"CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5935","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.170.12.5935-5938.1988","volume":"170","author":"T Seki","year":"1988","unstructured":"Seki T, Yoshikawa H, Takahashi H & Saito H (1988) Nucleotide sequence of the Bacillus subtilis phoR gene. J. Bacteriol. 170: 5935?5938","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"CR63","unstructured":"Siegers K & Entian KD (1994) 2 nd International Workshop on Lantibiotics, Arnhem November 20?23"},{"key":"CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.61.3.1082-1089.1995","volume":"61","author":"K Siegers","year":"1995","unstructured":"Siegers K & Entian KD (1995) Genes involved in immunity to the lantibiotic nisin produced by Lactococcus lactis 6F3. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61: 1082?1089","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Siegers K, Heinzmann S & Entian KD (1995) Biosynthesis of the lantibiotic nisin: poststranslational modification of the prepeptide occurs at a multimeric membrane associated lanthionine synthetase complex. Submitted for publication","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.21.12294"},{"key":"CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1093\/protein\/4.7.719","volume":"4","author":"RJ Siezen","year":"1991","unstructured":"Siezen RJ, DeVos WM, Leunissen JAM & Dijkstra BW (1991) Homology modelling and protein engineering strategy of subtilases, the family of subtilisin-like serine proteinases. Protein Eng. 4: 719?737","journal-title":"Protein Eng."},{"key":"CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1093\/protein\/8.2.117","volume":"8","author":"RJ Siezen","year":"1995","unstructured":"Siezen RJ, Rollema HS, Kuipers OP & DeVos MW (1995) Homology modelling of the Lactococcus lactis leader peptidase NisP and its interaction with the precursor of the lantibiotic nisin. Protein Eng. 8: 117?125","journal-title":"Protein Eng."},{"key":"CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2935","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.173.9.2935-2943.1991","volume":"173","author":"HY Song","year":"1991","unstructured":"Song HY & Cramer WA (1991) Membrane topography of ColEl gene products: the immunity protein. J. Bacteriol. 173: 2935?2943","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.53.4.450-490.1989","volume":"53","author":"JB Stock","year":"1989","unstructured":"Stock JB, Ninfa AJ & Stock AM (1989) Protein phosphorylation and regulation of adaptive responses in bacteria. Microbiol. Rev. 53: 450?490","journal-title":"Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"CR70","first-page":"1473","volume":"266","author":"J Thompson","year":"1991","unstructured":"Thompson J, Nguyen NY, Sackett DL & Donkersloot JA (1991) Transposon-encoded sucrose metabolism in Lactococcus lactis. J. Biol. Chem. 266: 1473?1479","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2578","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.175.9.2578-2588.1993","volume":"175","author":"JR Meer Van der","year":"1993","unstructured":"Van derMeer JR, Polman J, Beerthuyzen MM, Siezen RJ, Kuipers OP & DeVos WM (1993) Characterization of the Lactococcus lactis nisin A operon genes nisP, encoding a subtilisin-like serine protease involved in precursor processing, and inisR, encoding a regulatory protein involved in nisin biosynthesis. J. Bacteriol. 175: 2578?2588","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"CR72","first-page":"587","volume":"60","author":"JR Meer Van der","year":"1994","unstructured":"Van derMeer JR, Rollema HS, Siezen RJ, Kuipers OP & DeVos WM (1994) Analysis of the nisin leader peptide sequence on nisin biosynthesis in Lactococcus lactis by site directed metugenesis. J. Biol. Chem. 60: 587?593","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1991.tb16488.x","volume":"202","author":"FJM Ven Van de","year":"1991","unstructured":"Van deVen FJM, Van denHooven HW, Konings RNH & Hilbers CW (1991) NMR studies of lantibiotics: the structure of nisin in aqueous solution. Eur. J. Biochem. 202: 1181?1188","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."}],"container-title":["Antonie van Leeuwenhoek"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00399416.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF00399416\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00399416","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,26]],"date-time":"2021-06-26T17:37:44Z","timestamp":1624729064000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF00399416"}},"subtitle":["Biosynthesis of lantibiotics"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,2]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,2]]}},"alternative-id":["BF00399416"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf00399416","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-6072","1572-9699"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-6072","type":"print"},{"value":"1572-9699","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,2]]}}}