{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T21:15:03Z","timestamp":1791062103427,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1985,2,1]],"date-time":"1985-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":476064000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Europ. J. Appl. Physiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf00422850","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,10]],"date-time":"2004-11-10T12:22:51Z","timestamp":1100089371000},"page":"339-342","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":169,"title":["Linear increase in optimal pedal rate with increased power output in cycle ergometry"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"J. Richard","family":"Coast","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugh G.","family":"Welch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"CR1","first-page":"341","volume-title":"Textbook of work physiology","author":"PO \u00e5strand","year":"1977","unstructured":"\u00e5strand PO, Rodahl K (1977) Textbook of work physiology. 2 ed. McGraw Hill Book Co, New York, p 341","edition":"2 ed"},{"key":"CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1928.0037","volume":"103","author":"S Dickinson","year":"1928","unstructured":"Dickinson S (1928) The dynamics of bicycle pedalling. Proc Roy Soc B 103: 225?233","journal-title":"Proc Roy Soc B"},{"key":"CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1929.sp002565","volume":"67","author":"S Dickinson","year":"1929","unstructured":"Dickinson S (1929) The efficiency of bicycle-pedalling as affected by speed and load. J Physiol [Lond] 67: 242?255","journal-title":"J Physiol [Lond]"},{"key":"CR4","first-page":"340","volume":"23","author":"P Eckermann","year":"1967","unstructured":"Eckermann P, Millahn HP (1967) Der Einflu\\ der Drehzahl auf die Herzfrequenz und die Sauerstoffaufnahme bei konstanter Leistung am Fahrradergometer. Int Z Angew Physiol [einschl Arbeitsphysiol] 23: 340?344","journal-title":"Int Z Angew Physiol [einschl Arbeitsphysiol]"},{"key":"CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1931.sp002785","volume":"72","author":"RC Garry","year":"1931","unstructured":"Garry RC, Wishart GM (1931) On the existence of a most efficient speed in bicycle pedalling, and the problem of determining human muscular efficiency. J Physiol [Lond] 72: 425?437","journal-title":"J Physiol [Lond]"},{"key":"CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1981.51.2.447","volume":"51","author":"JM Hagberg","year":"1981","unstructured":"Hagberg JM, Mullin JP, Giese MD, Spitznagel E (1981) Effect of pedalling rate on submaximal exercise responses of competitive cyclists. J Appl Physiol 51: 447?451","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"CR7","first-page":"468","volume":"19","author":"P Hess","year":"1963","unstructured":"Hess P, Seusing J (1963) Der Einflu\\ der Tretfrequenz und des Pedaldruckes auf die Sauerstoffaufnahme bei Untersuchungen am Ergometer. Int Z Angew Physiol [einschl Arbeitsphysiol] 19: 468?475","journal-title":"Int Z Angew Physiol [einschl Arbeitsphysiol]"},{"key":"CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02336193","volume":"35","author":"GA McKay","year":"1976","unstructured":"McKay GA, Banister EW (1976) A comparison of maximum oxygen uptake determination by bicycle ergometry at various pedalling frequencies and by treadmill running at various speeds. Eur J Appl Physiol 35: 191?200","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"CR9","first-page":"744","volume":"77","author":"DW Michielli","year":"1977","unstructured":"Michielli DW, Stricevic M (1977) Various pedalling frequencies at equivalent power outputs. NY State J Med 77: 744?746","journal-title":"NY State J Med"},{"key":"CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1984.56.2.495","volume":"56","author":"SK Powers","year":"1984","unstructured":"Powers SK, Beadle RE, Mangum M (1984) Exercies efficiency during arm ergometry: effects of speed and work rate. J Appl Physiol 56: 495?499","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1967.23.3.353","volume":"23","author":"B Saltin","year":"1967","unstructured":"Saltin B, \u00e5strand PO (1967) Maximal oxygen uptake in athletes. J Appl Physiol 23: 353?358","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1080\/00140137708931658","volume":"20","author":"JJ Seabury","year":"1977","unstructured":"Seabury JJ, Adams WC, Ramey MR (1977) Influence of pedalling rate and power output on energy expenditure during bicycle ergometry. Ergonomics 20: 491?498","journal-title":"Ergonomics"},{"key":"CR13","first-page":"32","volume-title":"Bicycling science","author":"FR Whitt","year":"1974","unstructured":"Whitt FR, Wilson DG (1974) Bicycling science. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, pp 32?34"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00422850.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF00422850\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00422850","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,9]],"date-time":"2019-04-09T19:31:18Z","timestamp":1554838278000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF00422850"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1985,2]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,2]]}},"alternative-id":["BF00422850"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf00422850","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-5548","1439-6327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-5548","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-6327","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1985,2]]}}}