{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T22:49:04Z","timestamp":1771627744614,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1991,2,1]],"date-time":"1991-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":665366400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diabetologia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf00500380","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,17]],"date-time":"2004-11-17T04:32:43Z","timestamp":1100665963000},"page":"103-108","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Non-linkage of the islet amyloid polypeptide gene with Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"J. T. E.","family":"Cook","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. P.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. W. M.","family":"H\u00f6ppener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. J. M.","family":"Lips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Mosselman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"O'Rahilly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. C.","family":"Page","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. S.","family":"Wainscoat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. C.","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1991,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"BF00500380_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00262007","volume":"20","author":"AH Barnett","year":"1981","unstructured":"Barnett AH, Eff C, Leslie RDG, Pyke DA (1981) Diabetes in identical twins: a study of 200 pairs. Diabetologia 20: 87\u201393","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1656","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.282.6277.1656","volume":"282","author":"AH Barnett","year":"1981","unstructured":"Barnett AH, Spiliopoulos AJ, Pyke DA, Stubbs WA, Burrin J, Alberti KGMM (1981) Metabolic studies in unaffected co-twins of non-insulin dependent diabetics. Br J Med 282: 1656\u20131658","journal-title":"Br J Med"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.20.11.756","volume":"20","author":"NB Rushforth","year":"1971","unstructured":"Rushforth NB, Bennett PH, Steinberg AG, Burch TA, Miller M (1971) Diabetes in the Pima Indians; evidence of bimodality in glucose tolerance distributions. Diabetes 20: 756\u2013765","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.27.8.793","volume":"27","author":"P Zimmet","year":"1978","unstructured":"Zimmet P, Whitehouse S (1978) Bimodality of fasting and two hour glucose tolerance distributions in a Micronesian population. Diabetes 27: 793\u2013800","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR5","first-page":"19","volume":"1","author":"LR Raper","year":"1984","unstructured":"Raper LR, Taylor R, Zimmet P, Milne B, Balkan B (1984) Bimodality in glucose tolerance distributions in the urban Polynesian population of Western Samoa. Diabetes Res 1: 19\u201326","journal-title":"Diabetes Res"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR6","unstructured":"Tillil H, Richter K, Kobberling J (1985) Bimodal distribution of the 2-hour blood glucose value during OGTT among first-degree relatives of Type 2 diabetics in a Caucasoid population. Diabetes Res Clin Pract, Suppl 1 (Abstract)"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR7","first-page":"201","volume-title":"The genetics of diabetes mellitus","author":"J K\u00f6bberling","year":"1982","unstructured":"K\u00f6bberling J, Tillil H (1982) Empirical risk figures for the first degree relatives of non-insulin dependent diabetics. In: K\u00f6bberling J, Tatersall R (eds) The genetics of diabetes mellitus. Academic Press, London, pp 201\u2013209"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a113316","volume":"115","author":"T Beaty","year":"1982","unstructured":"Beaty T, Neel J, Fajans S (1982) Identifying risk factors for diabetes in first-degree relatives of non-insulin dependent diabetic patients. Am J Epidemiol 115: 380\u2013397","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.294.6577.923","volume":"294","author":"S O'Rahilly","year":"1987","unstructured":"O'Rahilly S, Spivey RS, Holman RR, Nugent Z, Clark A, Turner RC (1987) Type 2 diabetes of early onset: a distinct clinical and genetic syndrome? Br J Med 294: 923\u2013928","journal-title":"Br J Med"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00271584","volume":"31","author":"S O'Rahilly","year":"1988","unstructured":"O'Rahilly S, Wainscoat JS, Turner RC (1988) Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes. New genetics for old nightmares. Diabetologia 31: 407\u2013414","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198607243150410","volume":"315","author":"CR Kahn","year":"1986","unstructured":"Kahn CR (1986) Insulin resistance: a common feature of diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 315: 252\u2013254","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198908103210601","volume":"321","author":"J Erikson","year":"1989","unstructured":"Erikson J, Fransail-Kallunki A, Ekstrand A, Saloranta C, Wid\u00e9n E, Schalin C, Groop L (1989) Early metabolic defects in persons at increased risk for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 321: 337\u2013343","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)90052-8","volume":"II","author":"S O'Rahilly","year":"1986","unstructured":"O'Rahilly S, Nugent Z, Rudenski A, Hosker JP, Burnett MA, Darling P, Turner RC (1986) Beta-cell dysfunction rather than insulin insensitivity is the primary defect in familial Type 2 diabetes. Lancet II: 360\u2013364","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198805123181902","volume":"318","author":"S O'Rahilly","year":"1988","unstructured":"O'Rahilly S, Turner RC, Matthews DR (1988) Impaired pulsatile secretation of insulin in relatives of patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes. N Engl J Med 318: 1225\u20131230","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00252262","volume":"26","author":"T Kadowaki","year":"1984","unstructured":"Kadowaki T, Miyake Y, Hagura R, Akanuma Y, Kajinuma H, Kuzuya N, Takaku F, Kosaka K (1984) Risk factors for worsening to diabetes in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. Diabetologia 26: 44\u201349","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198805123181901","volume":"318","author":"S Lillioja","year":"1988","unstructured":"Lillioja S, Mott DM, Howard BV, Bennett PH, Yki-J\u00e4rvinen H, Freymond D, Nyomba BL, Zurlo F, Swinburn B, Bogardus C (1988) Impaired glucose tolerance as a disorder of insulin action-longitudinal and cross-section studies in Pima Indians. N Engl J Med 318: 1217\u20131225","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1070828","volume":"105","author":"HM Schneider","year":"1980","unstructured":"Schneider HM, Storkel S, Will W (1980) Das amyloid der Langerhanssch Inseh und Scine Beziehung zum Diabetes mellitus. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 105: 1143\u20131147","journal-title":"Dtsch Med Wochenschr"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(81)80197-9","volume":"12","author":"AL Maloy","year":"1981","unstructured":"Maloy AL, Longnecker DS, Greenberg ER (1981) The relation of islet amyloid to the clinical type of diabetes. Hum Pathol 12: 917\u2013922","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR19","first-page":"151","volume":"9","author":"A Clark","year":"1988","unstructured":"Clark A, Wells CA, Buley ID, Cruickshank JM, Vanhegan RI, Matthews DR, Cooper GJS, Holman RR, Turner RC (1988) Islet amyloid, increased A-cells, reduced Beta-cells and exocrine fibrosis: quantitative changes in the pancreas in Type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res 9: 151\u2013159","journal-title":"Diabetes Res"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.1989.tb01228.x","volume":"6","author":"A Clark","year":"1989","unstructured":"Clark A (1989) Islet amyloid and Type 2 diabetes. Diab Med 6: 561\u2013567","journal-title":"Diab Med"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00403322","volume":"33","author":"A Clark","year":"1990","unstructured":"Clark A, Saad MF, Nezzer T, Uren C, Knowler WC, Bennett PH, Turner RC (1990) Islet amyloid in diabetic and non-diabetic Pima Indians. Diabetologia 33: 285\u2013289","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)90825-7","volume":"II","author":"A Clark","year":"1987","unstructured":"Clark A, Cooper GJS, Lewis CE, Morris JF, Willis AC, Reid KBM, Turner RC (1987) Islet amyloid formed from diabetes-associated peptide may be pathogenic in Type 2 diabetes. Lancet II: 231\u2013234","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8628","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.84.23.8628","volume":"84","author":"GJS Cooper","year":"1987","unstructured":"Cooper GJS, Willis AC, Clark A, Turner RC, Sim RB, Reid KBM (1987) Purification and characterization of a peptide from amyloid-rich pancreases of Type 2 diabetic patients. Proc Nat Acad Sci 84: 8628\u20138632","journal-title":"Proc Nat Acad Sci"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR24","first-page":"414","volume":"127","author":"P Westermark","year":"1987","unstructured":"Westermark P, Wernstedt C, O'Brien TD, Hayden DW, Johnson KH (1987) Islet amyloid in Type 2 human diabetes mellitus and adult diabetic cats contains a novel putative polypeptide hormone. Am J Pathol 127: 414\u2013417","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00285291","volume":"32","author":"A Lukinius","year":"1989","unstructured":"Lukinius A, Wilander E, Westermark GT, Engstr\u00f6m U, Westermark P (1989) Co-localization of islet amyloid polypeptide and insulin in the Beta-cell secretory granules of the human pancreatic islets. Diabetologia 32: 240\u2013244","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(88)80922-0","volume":"239","author":"S Mosselman","year":"1988","unstructured":"Mosselman S, H\u00f6ppener JWM, Zandberg J, Van Mansfeld ADM, Guerts Van kessel AHM, Lips CJM, Jansz HS (1988) Islet amyloid polypeptide: identification and chromosomal localization of the human gene. FEBS Lett 239: 227\u2013232","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(89)81260-8","volume":"247","author":"S Mosselman","year":"1989","unstructured":"Mosselman S, H\u00f6ppener JWM, Lips CJM, Jansz HS (1989) The complete islet amyloid polypeptide precursor is encoded by two exons. FEBS Lett 247: 154\u2013158","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17243","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)77825-9","volume":"263","author":"T Sanke","year":"1988","unstructured":"Sanke T, Bell GI, Sample C, Rubenstein AH, Steiner DF (1988) An islet amyloid peptide is derived from an 89-amino-acid precursor by proteolytic processing. J Biol Chem 263: 17243\u201317246","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4827(89)90407-2","volume":"183","author":"C Betsholtz","year":"1989","unstructured":"Betsholtz C, Svensson V, Rorsman F, Engstr\u00f6m U, Westermark GT, Wilander E, Johnson K, Westermark P (1989) Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP). cDNA cloning and identification of an Amyloidogenic Region Associated with the species-specific occurrence of age-related diabetes mellitus. Exp Cell Res 183: 484\u2013493","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6758","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/17.16.6758","volume":"17","author":"P Patel","year":"1989","unstructured":"Patel P, Mosselman S, H\u00f6ppener JWM, Jansz HS, Clark A, O'Rahilly S, Turner RC, Wainscoat JS (1989) An RFLP associated with insulinoma amyloid polypeptide locus (IAPP). Nucl Acids Res 17: 6758","journal-title":"Nucl Acids Res"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00280882","volume":"28","author":"JP Hosker","year":"1985","unstructured":"Hosker JP, Matthews DR, Rudenski AS, Burnett MA, Darling P, Bown EG, Turner RC (1985) Continuous infusion of glucose with model assessment: measurement of insulin resistance and Beta-cell function in man. Diabetologia 28: 401\u2013411","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR32","unstructured":"Multicentre Study (1983) UK prospective study of therapies of maturity-onset diabetes. Diabetologia 24: 404\u2013411"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.36.4.523","volume":"36","author":"M Harris","year":"1987","unstructured":"Harris M, Hadden W, Knowler WC, Bennett CH (1987) Prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance and plasma glucose levels in US population aged 20\u201374 yr. Diabetes 36: 523\u2013534","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR34","first-page":"792","volume":"31","author":"SP O'Rahilly","year":"1988","unstructured":"O'Rahilly SP, Trembath RC, Patel P, Galton DJ, Turner RC, Wainscoat JS (1988) Linkage analysis of the human insulin receptor gene in Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic families and a family with maturity onset diabetes of the young. Diabetologia 31: 792\u2013797","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"BF00500380_CR35","first-page":"A38","volume":"6","author":"RCL Page","year":"1989","unstructured":"Page RCL, Walravens EKN, Manley SE, Turner RC (1989) Screening for diabetes and glucose intolerance in children of elderly Type 2 diabetic subjects). Diab Med 6 [Suppl 1]: A38 (Abstract)","journal-title":"Diab Med"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3881","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.84.11.3881","volume":"84","author":"P Westermark","year":"1987","unstructured":"Westermark P, Wernstedt C, Wilander E, Hayden DW, O'Brien TD, Johnson KH (1987) Amyloid fibrils in human insulinoma and islets of Langerhans of the diabetic cat are derived from a neuropeptide-like protein also present in normal islet cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84: 3881\u20133885","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR37","volume-title":"Analysis of human genetic linkage","author":"J Ott","year":"1985","unstructured":"Ott J (1985) Analysis of human genetic linkage, 1st edn. John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore","edition":"1st edn"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR38","unstructured":"WHO technical report series (1985) no 727, Geneva"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"BF00500380_CR39","first-page":"P50","volume":"6","author":"RCL Page","year":"1989","unstructured":"Page RCL, Walravens EKN, Levy JC, Turner RC (1989) Screening subjects at increased risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. Diab Med 6 [Suppl 2]: P50 (Abstract)","journal-title":"Diab Med"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.38.8.947","volume":"38","author":"NJ Cox","year":"1989","unstructured":"Cox NJ, Bell G (1989) Disease associations: chance, artefact or susceptibility genes. Diabetes 38: 947\u2013950","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ge.18.120184.001023","volume":"18","author":"SH Orkin","year":"1984","unstructured":"Orkin SH, Kazazian HH Jr (1984) The mutation and polymorphism of the human beta-globin gene and its surrounding DNA. Ann Rev Genet 18: 131\u2013171","journal-title":"Ann Rev Genet"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1038\/329153a0","volume":"329","author":"C Broeckhoven Van","year":"1987","unstructured":"Van Broeckhoven C, Genthe AM, Vandenberghe A, Horsthemke B, Backhovens H, Raeymaekers P, Van Hul W, Wehnert A, Ghevens J, Cras P, Bruyland M, Martin JJ, Salbaum M, Mutthaup G, Masters CL, Beyreuther K, Gurling HMD, Mullan MJ, Holland A, Barton A, Irving N, Williamson R, Richards SJ, Hardy JA (1987) Failure of familial Alzheimer's disease to segregate with the A4-amyloid gene in several European families. Nature 329: 153\u2013155","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR43","first-page":"319","volume":"3","author":"K Yoshioka","year":"1986","unstructured":"Yoshioka K, Sasaki H, Yoshioka N, Furuya H, Harada T, Kito S, Sakaki Y (1986) Structure of the mutant prealbumin gene responsible for familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy. Mol Biol Med 3: 319\u2013328","journal-title":"Mol Biol Med"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2974","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.9.2974","volume":"83","author":"J Ghiso","year":"1986","unstructured":"Ghiso J, Jensson O, Fragione B (1986) Amyloid fibrils in hereditary cerebral haemorrhage with amyloidosis of Icelandic type is a variant of gamma-trace basic protein (cystatin C). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 2974\u20132978","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.38.11.1333","volume":"38","author":"D Porte Jr","year":"1989","unstructured":"Porte D Jr, Khan S (1989) Hyperproinsulinemia and amyloid in NIDDM \u2014 clues to the etiology of islet Beta-cell dysfunction? Diabetes 38: 1333\u20131336","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"BF00500380_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8227(89)90008-9","volume":"7","author":"P Westermark","year":"1989","unstructured":"Westermark P, Engstr\u00f6m U, Westermark G, Johnson K, Permerth J, Betsholtz C (1989) Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) and pro-IAPP immunoreactivity in human islets of Langerhans. Diab Res Clin Pract 7: 219\u2013226","journal-title":"Diab Res Clin Pract"}],"container-title":["Diabetologia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00500380.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF00500380\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00500380.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00500380","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,28]],"date-time":"2021-06-28T19:56:04Z","timestamp":1624910164000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF00500380"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1991,2]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,2]]}},"alternative-id":["BF00500380"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf00500380","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-186X","1432-0428"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-186X","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0428","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1991,2]]}}}