{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T07:21:24Z","timestamp":1778829684976,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1994,1,1]],"date-time":"1994-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":757382400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Fertilizer Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf00748940","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,2]],"date-time":"2004-12-02T01:56:31Z","timestamp":1101952591000},"page":"213-225","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Methane and nitrous oxide emissions: an introduction"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"A. R.","family":"Amstel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. J.","family":"Swart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"CR1","volume-title":"Methane emissions from anthropogenic biomass burning","author":"D Ahuja","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ahuja, D (1993) Methane emissions from anthropogenic biomass burning. The Bruce Company. Washington"},{"key":"CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3893","DOI":"10.1029\/JD093iD04p03893","volume":"93","author":"IC Anderson","year":"1988","unstructured":"Anderson, IC, Levine, JS, Poth, MA & Riggan, PJ (1988) Enhanced biogenic emissions of nitric oxide and nitrous oxide following surface biomass burning. Journal of Geophysical Research 93: 3893?3898","journal-title":"Journal of Geophysical Research"},{"key":"CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1029\/GB003i002p00121","volume":"3","author":"IC Anderson","year":"1989","unstructured":"Anderson, IC & Poth, MA (1989) Semiannual losses of nitrogen as NO and N2O from unburned and burned chaparral. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 3: 121?135","journal-title":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles"},{"key":"CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00052709","volume":"8","author":"I Aselmann","year":"1989","unstructured":"Aselmann, I & Crutzen, PJ (1989) Global Distribution of Natural Freshwater Wetlands and Rice Paddies Their Net Primary Productivity, Seasonality and Possible Methane Emissions. Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry 8: 307?358","journal-title":"Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry"},{"key":"CR5","volume-title":"World inventory of soil emissions. Identification and geographic quantification of soil factors and soil processes that control fluxes of CO2, CH4 and N2O and the heat and moisture balance. Background paper for a workshop discussion","author":"NH Batjes","year":"1992","unstructured":"Batjes, NH & Bridges, EM (1992) World inventory of soil emissions. Identification and geographic quantification of soil factors and soil processes that control fluxes of CO2, CH4 and N2O and the heat and moisture balance. Background paper for a workshop discussion. ISRIC, Wageningen"},{"key":"CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2181","DOI":"10.1029\/JD092iD02p02181","volume":"92","author":"HG Bingemer","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bingemer, HG & Crutzen, PJ (1987) The Production of Methane from Solid Waste. Journal of Geophysical Research 92: 2181?2187","journal-title":"Journal of Geophysical Research"},{"key":"CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19650046","volume":"19","author":"KL Blaxter","year":"1965","unstructured":"Blaxter, KL & Clapperton, JL (1965) Prediction of the amount of methane produced by ruminants. British Journal of Nutrition 19: 511?522","journal-title":"British Journal of Nutrition"},{"key":"CR8","first-page":"261","volume-title":"International IPCC workshop Methane and Nitrous Oxide: national emission inventories and options for control","author":"AF Bouwman","year":"1993","unstructured":"Bouwman, AF (1993a) The global source distribution of nitrous oxide. In: Van Amstel AR (ed) International IPCC workshop Methane and Nitrous Oxide: national emission inventories and options for control, pp. 261?272. Proceedings RIVM, Bilthoven, the Netherlands"},{"key":"CR9","volume-title":"Report of the third workshop of the Global Emissions Inventory Activity (GEIA)","year":"1993","unstructured":"Bouwman, AF (ed) (1993b) Report of the third workshop of the Global Emissions Inventory Activity (GEIA). RIVM, Bilthoven, the Netherlands. 83 pp"},{"key":"CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1029\/91GB02466","volume":"5","author":"PM Crill","year":"1991","unstructured":"Crill, PM (1991) Seasonal patterns of methane uptake and carbon dioxide release by a temperate woodland soil. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 5: 319?334","journal-title":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles"},{"key":"CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1669","DOI":"10.1126\/science.250.4988.1669","volume":"250","author":"PJ Crutzen","year":"1990","unstructured":"Crutzen, PJ & Andreae, MO (1990) Biomass burning in the tropics: impact on atmospheric chemistry and biogeochemical cycles. Science 250: 1669?1678","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0889.1986.tb00193.x","volume":"38B","author":"PJ Crutzen","year":"1986","unstructured":"Crutzen, PJ, Aselmann, I & Seiler, W (1986) Methane production by domestic animals, wild ruminants, other herbivorous fauna and humans. Tellus 38B: 271?284","journal-title":"Tellus"},{"key":"CR13","first-page":"171","volume-title":"International IPCC workshop Methane and Nitrous Oxide: national emission inventories and options for control","author":"R Delmas","year":"1993","unstructured":"Delmas, R (1993) Methane from biomass burning. In: Van Amstel AR (ed), International IPCC workshop Methane and Nitrous Oxide: national emission inventories and options for control, pp. 171?187. Proceedings. RIVM, Bilthoven, the Netherlands"},{"key":"CR14","unstructured":"Elkins, JW (1989) State of the research for atmospheric nitrous oxide in 1989. Contribution for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)"},{"key":"CR15","volume-title":"Methane emissions from livestock","author":"M Gibbs","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gibbs, M & Johnson, D (1993) Methane emissions from livestock. USEPA, Washington, DC"},{"key":"CR16","volume-title":"Climate Change 1992. The Supplementary Report to the IPCC Scientific Assessment","author":"IPCC","year":"1992","unstructured":"IPCC (1992) Climate Change 1992. The Supplementary Report to the IPCC Scientific Assessment. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 200 pp"},{"key":"CR17","volume-title":"IRRI towards 2000 and beyond","author":"IRRI","year":"1988","unstructured":"IRRI (1988) IRRI towards 2000 and beyond. International Rice Institute, Los Banos, Philippines"},{"key":"CR18","volume-title":"Responding to Climate Change Tools for Policy Development","year":"1990","unstructured":"J\u00e4ger, J (ed) (1990) Responding to Climate Change Tools for Policy Development. Stockholm Environment Institute, Stockholm"},{"key":"CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11791","DOI":"10.1029\/JD091iD11p11791","volume":"91","author":"M Keller","year":"1986","unstructured":"Keller, M, Kaplan, WA & Wofsy, SC (1986) Emissions of N2O, CH4 and CO2 from tropical forest soils. Journal of Geophysical Research 91: 11791?11802","journal-title":"Journal of Geophysical Research"},{"key":"CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1029\/90EO00085","volume":"72","author":"M Keller","year":"1991","unstructured":"Keller, M & Reiners, WA (1991a) A seasonal study of N2O and NO emissions from soil in a wet forest area examining the effects of land use change. EOS, Transactions, American Geophysical Union 72: 110","journal-title":"EOS, Transactions, American Geophysical Union"},{"key":"CR21","unstructured":"Keller, M & Reiners, WA (1992b) Pasture age effects nitrous oxide and nitric oxide emissions from soils in the Atlantic lowlands of Costa Rica. EOS, Transactions, American Geophysical Union 77"},{"issue":"D13","key":"CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14651","DOI":"10.1029\/92JD01222","volume":"97","author":"MAK Khalil","year":"1992","unstructured":"Khalil, MAK & RA Rasmussen (1992) The global sources of nitrous oxide. J of Geophysical Research 97 (D13): 14651?14660","journal-title":"J of Geophysical Research"},{"key":"CR23","first-page":"366","volume":"48","author":"G Krishna","year":"1978","unstructured":"Krishna, G, Razdan, MN & Ray, SN (1978) Effect of nutritional and seasonal variations on heat and methane production in Bos indicus. Indian Journal of Animal Science 48: 366?370","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Animal Science"},{"key":"CR24","first-page":"17","volume-title":"International IPCC workshop: Methane and Nitrous oxide: national emissions inventories and options for control","author":"J Lelieveld","year":"1993","unstructured":"Lelieveld, J & Crutzen, PJ (1993) Methane emissions into the atmosphere, an overview. In: Van Amstel AR (ed), International IPCC workshop: Methane and Nitrous oxide: national emissions inventories and options for control, pp. 17?25. Proceedings. RIVM, Bilthoven, the Netherlands"},{"key":"CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1029\/GB002i002p00139","volume":"2","author":"J Lerner","year":"1988","unstructured":"Lerner, J, Matthews, E & Fung, I (1988) Methane emission from animals: A global high-resolution data base. Global biogeochemical Cycles 2: 139?156","journal-title":"Global biogeochemical Cycles"},{"key":"CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1029\/GB003i003p00281","volume":"3","author":"F Luizao","year":"1989","unstructured":"Luizao, F, Matson, P, Livingston, G, Luizao, R & Vitousek, P (1989) Nitrous oxide flux following tropical land clearing. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 3: 281?285","journal-title":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles"},{"key":"CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1029\/GB001i001p00061","volume":"1","author":"E Matthews","year":"1987","unstructured":"Matthews, E & Fung, I (1987) Methane emissions from natural wetlands. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 1: 61?86","journal-title":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles"},{"key":"CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1038\/350330a0","volume":"350","author":"A Mosier","year":"1991","unstructured":"Mosier, A, Schimel, D, Valentine, D, Bronson, K & Parton, W (1991) Methane and nitrous oxide fluxes in native fertilized and cultivated grasslands. Nature 350: 330?332","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"CR29","first-page":"457","volume-title":"Soils and the Greenhouse Effect","author":"HU Neue","year":"1990","unstructured":"Neue, HU, Becker-Heidmann, P. & Scharpenseel, HW (1990) Organic matter dynamics, soil properties, and cultural practices in rice lands and their relationships to methane production. In: Bouwman AF (ed), Soils and the Greenhouse Effect. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, pp. 457?466"},{"key":"CR30","volume-title":"Final Report from the OECD Experts Meeting, 18?21 February 1991","author":"OECD","year":"1991","unstructured":"OECD (1991) Estimation of greenhouse gas emissions and sinks. Final Report from the OECD Experts Meeting, 18?21 February 1991. OECD, Paris"},{"key":"CR31","unstructured":"OECD (1993) In depth review of selected country studies on greenhouse gas emissions and sinks. Paris"},{"key":"CR32","volume-title":"Nutritional physiology of the adult ruminant","author":"EG Ritzman","year":"1938","unstructured":"Ritzman, EG & Benedict, FG (1938) Nutritional physiology of the adult ruminant. Carnegie Institution, Washington D.C., 14?30 pp"},{"key":"CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1038\/335057a0","volume":"335","author":"D Ronen","year":"1988","unstructured":"Ronen, D, Magaritz, M & Almon, E (1988) Contaminated aquifers are a forgotten component of the global N2O budget. Nature 335: 57?59, 335: 57?59","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"CR34","first-page":"404","volume":"21","author":"J Rotmans","year":"1992","unstructured":"Rotmans, J, Elzen, MGJd, Krol, M, Swart, RJ & Woerd, Hvd (1992) Stabilizing atmospheric concentrations: Towards international Methane control. Ambio 21: 404?413","journal-title":"Ambio"},{"key":"CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1038\/358313a0","volume":"358","author":"LP Steele","year":"1992","unstructured":"Steele, LP, Dlugokencky, EJ, Lang, PM, Tans, PP, Martin, RC & Masarie, KA (1992) Slowing down of the global accumulation of atmospheric methane during the 1980's. Nature 358: 313?316","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1038\/341314a0","volume":"341","author":"PA Steudler","year":"1989","unstructured":"Steudler, PA, Bowden, RD, Melills, JM & Aber, JD (1989) Influence of nitrogen fertilization on methane uptake in temperate forest soils. Nature 341: 314?316","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1038\/357145a0","volume":"357","author":"RG Striegl","year":"1992","unstructured":"Striegl, RG, McConnaughey, TA, Thorstenson, DC, Weeks, EP & Woodward, JC (1992) Consumption of atmospheric methane by desert soils. Nature 357: 145?147","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"CR38","volume-title":"National Greenhouse gas Accounts: current Anthropogenic Sources and Sinks","author":"S. Subak","year":"1992","unstructured":"Subak, S. Raskin, P & Hippel, DV (1992) National Greenhouse gas Accounts: current Anthropogenic Sources and Sinks. Stockholm Environment Institute. Boston USA"},{"key":"CR39","first-page":"93","volume-title":"International IPCC workshop: Methane and Nitrous Oxide, national emission inventories and options for control","author":"SA Thomeloe","year":"1993","unstructured":"Thomeloe, SA (1993a) Methane emissions from landfills and open dumps. In: Van Amstel AR (ed), International IPCC workshop: Methane and Nitrous Oxide, national emission inventories and options for control, pp. 93?114. Proceedings. RIVM, Bilthoven, the Netherlands"},{"key":"CR40","first-page":"115","volume-title":"International IPCC workshop: Methane and Nitrous oxide: national emission inventories and options for control","author":"SA Thorneloe","year":"1993","unstructured":"Thorneloe, SA (1993b) Methane from waste water treatment. In: Van Amstel AR (ed), International IPCC workshop: Methane and Nitrous oxide: national emission inventories and options for control, pp. 115?130. RIVM, Bilthoven, the Netherlands"},{"key":"CR41","unstructured":"UN (1992) United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change"},{"key":"CR42","volume-title":"International IPCC Workshop ?Methane and Nitrous Oxide?: Methods in National Inventories of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks and Options for Control?","year":"1993","unstructured":"Van Amstel, AR (ed) (1993a) International IPCC Workshop ?Methane and Nitrous Oxide?: Methods in National Inventories of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks and Options for Control?. Proceedings. RIVM, Bilthoven, the Netherlands, Bilthoven. 457 pp"},{"key":"CR43","first-page":"27","volume-title":"International IPCC workshop Methane and Nitrous Oxide: national emission inventories and options for control","author":"AR Amstel Van","year":"1993","unstructured":"Van Amstel, AR (1993b) Transparency of national emission inventories. In: Van Amstel AR (ed), International IPCC workshop Methane and Nitrous Oxide: national emission inventories and options for control, pp. 27?36. Proceedings. RIVM, Bilthoven, the Netherlands"},{"key":"CR44","volume-title":"Methane, the other greenhouse gas. Research and policy in the Netherlands","author":"AR Amstel Van","year":"1993","unstructured":"Van Amstel, AR, Swart, RJ, Krol, MS, Beck, JP, Bouwman, AF & van der Hoek, KW (1993) Methane, the other greenhouse gas. Research and policy in the Netherlands. RIVM, Bilthoven, the Netherlands"},{"key":"CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1038\/346160a0","volume":"346","author":"SC Whalen","year":"1990","unstructured":"Whalen, SC & Reeburgh, WS (1990) Consumption of atmospheric methane by tundra soils. Nature 346: 160?162","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00002818","volume":"16","author":"SC Whalen","year":"1992","unstructured":"Whalen, SC, Reeburgh, WS & Barber, VA (1992a). Oxidation of methane in boreal forest soils: a comparison of seven measures. Biogeochemistry 16: 181?211","journal-title":"Biogeochemistry"},{"key":"CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1029\/91GB01303","volume":"5","author":"SC Whalen","year":"1992","unstructured":"Whalen, SC, Reeburgh, WS & Kizer, KS (1992b) Methane consumption and emission by Taiga. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 5: 261?273","journal-title":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles"},{"key":"CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13067","DOI":"10.1029\/91JD01248","volume":"96","author":"GJ Whiting","year":"1991","unstructured":"Whiting, GJ, Chanton, JP, Bartlett, DS & Happell, JD (1991) Relationships between methane emissions, biomass, and carbon dioxide exchange in a subtropical grassland. Journal of Geophysical Research 96: 13067?13071","journal-title":"Journal of Geophysical Research"},{"key":"CR49","unstructured":"Woodbury, J & Hashimoto, A (1993) Methane emissions from livestock manure. USEPA"},{"key":"CR50","volume-title":"World Resources 1992?93","author":"World Resources Institute","year":"1992","unstructured":"World Resources Institute (1992) World Resources 1992?93. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford, 385 pp"}],"container-title":["Fertilizer Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00748940.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF00748940\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00748940","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,5]],"date-time":"2019-04-05T09:11:38Z","timestamp":1554455498000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF00748940"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994]]}},"alternative-id":["BF00748940"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf00748940","relation":{},"ISSN":["0167-1731","1573-0867"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0167-1731","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-0867","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994]]}}}