{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T23:22:19Z","timestamp":1771456939790,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1995,12,1]],"date-time":"1995-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":817776000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc Drug Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf00879868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,25]],"date-time":"2004-12-25T17:55:26Z","timestamp":1103997326000},"page":"755-761","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Effect of nicorandil on abnormal coronary flow reserve assessed by exercise201Tl scintigraphy in patients with angina pectoris and nearly normal coronary arteriograms"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Yamabe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Namura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Yano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hideki","family":"Fujita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susiku","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masanori","family":"Iwahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazumi","family":"Maeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mitsuhiro","family":"Yokoyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.75.1.163","volume":"75","author":"RO Canon","year":"1987","unstructured":"Canon RO, Schenke WH, Leon MB, et al. Limited flow reserve after dipyridamole in patients with ergonovine-induced coronary vasoconstriction.Circulation 1987;75:163?174.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(85)80209-6","volume":"6","author":"V Legrand","year":"1985","unstructured":"Legrand V, Hodgson J McB, Bates ER, et al. Abnormal coronary flow reserve in patients with normal coronary angiograms.J Am Coll Cardiol 1985;6:1245?1251.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(77)80088-X","volume":"39","author":"O Korhola","year":"1977","unstructured":"Korhola O, Valle M, Frick MH, et al. Regional myocardial perfusion abnormalities on xenon-133 imaging in patients with angina pectoris and normal coronary arteries.Am J Cardiol 1977;39:355?359.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(86)80067-5","volume":"8","author":"SE Epstein","year":"1986","unstructured":"Epstein SE, Canon RO. Site of increased resistance to coronary flow in patients with angina pectoris and normal epicoronary arteries.J Am Coll Cardiol 1986;8:459?461.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(10)80122-6","volume":"17","author":"A Maseri","year":"1991","unstructured":"Maseri A, Crea F, Kaski JC, et al. Mechanism of angina pectoris in syndrome X.J Am Coll Cardiol 1991;17:499?506.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(88)90232-9","volume":"62","author":"F Romeo","year":"1988","unstructured":"Romeo F, Gaspardone A, Ciavolella M, et al. Verapamil versus acebutolol for syndrome X.Am J Cardiol 1988;62:312?313.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(85)90842-2","volume":"56","author":"RO Cannon","year":"1985","unstructured":"Cannon RO, Watson RM, Rosing DR, et al. Efficacy of calcium channel blocker therapy for angina pectoris resulting from small vessel coronary artery disease and abnormal vasodilator reserve.Am J Cardiol 1985;56:242?246.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(89)90178-1","volume":"63","author":"P Montorsi","year":"1989","unstructured":"Montorsi P, Manfudi M, Loaldi A, et al. Comparison of coronary vasomotor response to nifedipine in syndrome X and Prinzmetal's angina pectoris.Am J Cardiol 1989;63:1198?1202.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(89)90332-9","volume":"63","author":"R Burgiardini","year":"1989","unstructured":"Burgiardini R, Boghi A, Biagetti L, et al. Comparison of verapamil versus propranolol therapy in syndrome X.Am J Cardiol 1989;63:286?290.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(94)90659-9","volume":"127","author":"M Radice","year":"1994","unstructured":"Radice M, Giudici V, Albertini A, et al. Usefulness of change in exercise tolerance induced by nitroglycerin in identifying patients with syndrome X.Am Heart J 1994;127:531?535.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(89)90517-1","volume":"64","author":"A Galassi","year":"1989","unstructured":"Galassi A, Kaski JC, Pupita G, et al. Lack of evidence for alpha-adrenergic receptor-mediated mechanisms in the genesis of ischemia in syndrome X.Am J Cardiol 1989;64:264?269.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01856503","volume":"4","author":"M Kinoshita","year":"1990","unstructured":"Kinoshita M, Sakai K. Pharmacology and therapeutic of Nicorandil.Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 1990;4:1075?1088.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Drugs Ther"},{"key":"CR13","first-page":"248","volume":"218","author":"K Furukawa","year":"1981","unstructured":"Furukawa K, Itoh T, Kajiwara M, et al. Vasodilating actions of 2-nicotinamidoethyl nitrate on porcine and guinea-pig coronary arteries.J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1981;218:248?259.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"CR14","first-page":"1119","volume":"4","author":"F Yoneyama","year":"1990","unstructured":"Yoneyama F, Satoh K, Taira N. Nicorandil increases coronary blood flow predominantly by K-channel opening mechanism.Drugs Ther 1990;4:1119?1126.","journal-title":"Drugs Ther"},{"key":"CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(91)90632-J","volume":"17","author":"PG Camici","year":"1991","unstructured":"Camici PG, Marraccini P, Lorenzoni R, et al. Coronary hemodynamics and myocardial metabolism in patients with syndrome X: Response to pacing stress.J Am Coll Cardiol 1991;17:1461?1470.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(88)91180-0","volume":"61","author":"RO Cannon","year":"1988","unstructured":"Cannon RO, Epstein S. ?Microvascular angina? as a cause of chest pain with angiographically normal coronary arteries.Am J Cardiol 1988;61:1338?1343.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.37.12.1595","volume":"37","author":"GM Reaven","year":"1988","unstructured":"Reaven GM. Role of insulin resistance in human disease.Diabetes 1988;37:1595?1607.","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"CR18","first-page":"456","volume":"23","author":"JD Dean","year":"1991","unstructured":"Dean JD, Jones CJH, Hutchison ST, et al. Hyperinsulinemia and microvascular angina.Lancet 1991;23:456?457.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(94)90423-5","volume":"23","author":"CJ Ley","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ley CJ, Swan J, Godsland IF, et al. Insulin resistance, lipoproteins, body fat and hemostasis in nonobese men with angina and a normal or abnormal coronary angiogram.J Am Coll Cardiol 1994;23:377?383.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.1992.tb00940.x","volume":"231","author":"A Waldenstrom","year":"1992","unstructured":"Waldenstrom A, Ronquist G, Lagerqvist B. Angina pectoris with normal coronary angiograms but abnormal thallium perfusion scan exhibit low myocardial and skeletal muscle energy charge.J Int Med 1992;231:327?331.","journal-title":"J Int Med"},{"key":"CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.71.2.218","volume":"71","author":"RO Canon","year":"1985","unstructured":"Canon RO, Bonow RO, Bacharach SL, et al. Left ventricular dysfunction in patients with angina pectoris, normal epicardial coronary arteries and abnormal vasodilator reserve.Circulation 1985;71:218?226.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.40.9.976","volume":"40","author":"G Jackson","year":"1978","unstructured":"Jackson G, Atkinson L, Armstrong P, et al. Angina with normal coronary arteriograms: Value of coronary sinus lactate estimation in diagnosis and treatment.Br Heart J 1978;40:976?978.","journal-title":"Br Heart J"},{"key":"CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.63.4.817","volume":"4","author":"D Opherk","year":"1981","unstructured":"Opherk D, Zebe H, Weihe E, et al. Reduced coronary dilatory capacity and ultrastructural changes of the myocardium in patients with angina pectoris but normal coronary arteriograms.Circulation 1981;4:817?825.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"CR24","first-page":"67","volume":"57","author":"T Crake","year":"1987","unstructured":"Crake T, Canepa-Anson R, Shapiro LM, et al. Continuous recording of coronary sinus saturation during atrial pacing in patients with angina pectoris with or without coronary artery disease or with syndrome X.Br Heart J 1987;57:67?72.","journal-title":"Br Heart J"},{"key":"CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.57.2.148","volume":"57","author":"RD Levy","year":"1987","unstructured":"Levy RD, Shapiro LM, Wright C, et al. Diurnal variation in left ventricular function: A study of patients with myocardial ischemia, syndrome X, and of normal controls.Br Heart J 1987;57:148?153.","journal-title":"Br Heart J"},{"key":"CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(87)90295-5","volume":"60","author":"E Picano","year":"1987","unstructured":"Picano E, Lattanzi F, Masini M, et al. Usefulness of a high dose dipyridamole-echocardiography test for diagnosis of syndrome X.Am J Cardiol 1987;60:508?512.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.74.5.964","volume":"74","author":"M Moseri","year":"1986","unstructured":"Moseri M, Yarom R, Gotsman MS, et al. Histologic evidence for small-vessel coronary artery disease in patients with angina pectoris and patent large coronary arteries.Circulation 1986;74:964?972.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(83)90140-6","volume":"52","author":"BC Berger","year":"1983","unstructured":"Berger BC, Abramowitz R, Park CH, et al. Abnormal thallium-201 scans in patients with chest pain and angiographically normal coronary arteries.Am J Cardiol 1983;52:365?370.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.40.3.242","volume":"40","author":"LH Green","year":"1978","unstructured":"Green LH, Cohn PF, Holman BL, et al. Regional myocardial blood flow in patients with chest pain syndromes and normal coronary arteriograms.Br Heart J 1978;40:242?249.","journal-title":"Br Heart J"},{"key":"CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.68.7.48","volume":"68","author":"AC Tweddel","year":"1992","unstructured":"Tweddel AC, Martin W, Hutton I. Thallium scans in syndrome X.Br Heart J 1992;68:48?50.","journal-title":"Br Heart J"},{"key":"CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(93)90148-6","volume":"72","author":"AR Gassasi","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gassasi AR, Crea F, Arajio LI, et al. Comparison of regional myocardial blood flow in syndrome X and one vessel coronary disease.Am J Cardiol 1993;72:134?139.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"Suppl III","key":"CR32","first-page":"III73","volume":"83","author":"SE Epstein","year":"1991","unstructured":"Epstein SE, Cannon RO, Bonow RO, et al. Exercise testing in patients with microvascular angina.Circulation 1991;83(Suppl III):III73-III76.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1366","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198711263172202","volume":"317","author":"FL Sax","year":"1987","unstructured":"Sax FL, Cannon RO, Anson C, et al. Impaired forearm vasodilator reserve in patients with microvascular angina: Evidence of a generalized disorder of a vascular function?N Engl J Med 1987;317:1366?1370.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199306103282302","volume":"328","author":"K Egashira","year":"1993","unstructured":"Egashira K, Inou T, Hirooka Y, et al. Evidence of impaired endothelium-dependent coronary vasodilatation in patients with angina pectoris and normal coronary angiograms.N Engl J Med 1993;328:1659?1664.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1864","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.86.6.1864","volume":"86","author":"AA Quyyumi","year":"1992","unstructured":"Quyyumi AA, Cannon RO, Panza JA, et al. Endothelial dysfunction in patients with chest pain and normal coronary arteries.Circulation 1992;86:1864?1871.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(89)90380-X","volume":"14","author":"M Emdin","year":"1989","unstructured":"Emdin M, Picano E, Lattanzi F, et al. Improved exercise capacity with acute aminophylline administration in patients with syndrome X.J Am Coll Cardiol 1989;14:1450?1453.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(93)90045-3","volume":"22","author":"R Bugiardini","year":"1993","unstructured":"Bugiardini R, Pozzati A, Puddu P, et al. Vasotonic angina: A spectrum of ischemic syndromes involving functional abnormalities of the epicardial and microvascular coronary circulation.Am J Coll Cardiol 1993;22:417?425.","journal-title":"Am J Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"Suppl B","key":"CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/14.suppl_B.40","volume":"14","author":"K Kato","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kato K. Hemodynamic and clinical effects of an intravenous potassium channel opener?a review.Eur Heart J 14(Suppl B):40?47, 1993.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1254\/jjp.31.409","volume":"31","author":"K Satoh","year":"1981","unstructured":"Satoh K, Yanagisawa T, Taira N, et al. Effect of 2-nicotinamidethyl nitrate (SG-35) on membrane potentials of canine Purkinje fiber (summary in English).Jpn J Pharmacol 31:409?417, 1981.","journal-title":"Jpn J Pharmacol"},{"key":"CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00271360","volume":"44","author":"J Yamazaki","year":"1993","unstructured":"Yamazaki J, Ohsawa H, Uchi T, et al. Study of the efficacy of nicorandil in patients with ischemic heart disease using exercise201Tl myocardial tomography.Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1993;44:211?217.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(86)90347-4","volume":"58","author":"M Kinoshita","year":"1986","unstructured":"Kinoshita M, Nishikawa S, Sawamura M, et al. Comparative efficacy of high-dose versus low-dose nicorandil therapy for chronic stable angina pectoris.Am J Cardiol 1986;58:733?738.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-198305000-00004","volume":"5","author":"S Holzmann","year":"1983","unstructured":"Holzmann S. Cyclic GMP as possible mediator of coronary arterial relaxation by nicorandil.J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1983;5:364?370.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol"},{"issue":"Suppl. 8","key":"CR43","first-page":"S17","volume":"10","author":"K Satoh","year":"1991","unstructured":"Satoh K, Yamada H, Taira N. Differential antagonism by glibenclamide of the relaxant effects of cromakalim pinacidil and nicorandil on canine large coronary arteries.Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 1991;10(Suppl. 8):S17-S24.","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol"},{"issue":"Suppl. 7","key":"CR44","first-page":"35","volume":"80","author":"I Cavero","year":"1991","unstructured":"Cavero I, Pratz J, Mondot S. K channel opening mediates the vasorelaxant effects of nicorandil in the intact vascular system.Zeitschrift Kardiol 1991;80(Suppl. 7):35?41.","journal-title":"Zeitschrift Kardiol"},{"key":"CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-198511000-00015","volume":"7","author":"A Berdeaux","year":"1985","unstructured":"Berdeaux A, Drieu la Rochelle C, Richard V, et al. Differential effects of nitrovasodilators, potassium channel openers and nicorandil on large and small coronary arteries in consciousness dogs.J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1985;7:1107?1112.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol"},{"key":"CR46","first-page":"191","volume":"27","author":"M Onishi","year":"1987","unstructured":"Onishi M, Maeda K, Fukuzaki H. Antianginal mechanism of nicorandil: Study on exercise invasive hemodynamics and thallium-201 myocardial perfusion images (summary in English).Angiology 1987;27:191?195.","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"key":"CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198811173192002","volume":"319","author":"JE Brush","year":"1988","unstructured":"Brush JE, Canon RO, Schenke WH, et al. Angina due to coronary microvascular disease in hypertensive patients without left ventricular hypertrophy.N Engl J Med 1988;319:1302?1307.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(94)90678-5","volume":"73","author":"S Scheler","year":"1994","unstructured":"Scheler S, Motz W, Struer BE. Mechanism of angina pectoris in patients with systemic hypertension and normal epicardial coronary arteries by arteriogram.Am J Cardiol 1994;73:478?482.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.63.1.7","volume":"63","author":"MJ Koistinen","year":"1990","unstructured":"Koistinen MJ, Huikuri H, Pirttiaho H, et al. Evaluation of exercise electrocardiography and thallium tomographic imaging in detecting asymptomatic coronary artery disease in diabetic patients.Br Heart J 1990;63:7?11.","journal-title":"Br Heart J"}],"container-title":["Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00879868.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF00879868\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00879868","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,29]],"date-time":"2019-04-29T12:57:53Z","timestamp":1556542673000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF00879868"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,12]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,12]]}},"alternative-id":["BF00879868"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf00879868","relation":{},"ISSN":["0920-3206","1573-7241"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0920-3206","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7241","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,12]]}}}