{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T14:48:44Z","timestamp":1791902924975,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1995,1,1]],"date-time":"1995-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":788918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf00919596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T08:17:13Z","timestamp":1104567433000},"page":"231-238","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":181,"title":["Spontaneous internal carotid artery dissection: Early diagnosis and management in 44 patients"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"242","author":[{"given":"Matthias","family":"Sturzenegger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1986.00520080041017","volume":"43","author":"HP Adams","year":"1986","unstructured":"Adams HP, Butler MJ, Biller J, Toffol GJ (1986) Nonhemorrhagic cerebral infarction in young adults. Arch Neurol 43:793?796","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00588399","volume":"35","author":"S Aggarwal","year":"1993","unstructured":"Aggarwal S, Kucharczyk W, Keller MA (1993) Asymptomatic postendarterectomy dissection of the internal carotid artery detected incidentally on MRI. Neuroradiology 35:586?587","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199107000-00015","volume":"29","author":"J Anson","year":"1991","unstructured":"Anson J, Crowell RM (1991) Cervicocranial arterial dissection. Neurosurgery 29:89?96","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100047442","volume":"20","author":"M Assaf","year":"1993","unstructured":"Assaf M, Sweeney PJ, Kosmorsky G, Masaryk T (1993) Homer's syndrome secondary to angiogram negative, subadventitial carotid artery dissection. Can J Neurol Sci 20:62?64","journal-title":"Can J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"CR5","first-page":"466","volume":"2","author":"G Ast","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ast G, Woimant F, Georges B, Laurian C, Haguenau M (1993) Spontaneous dissection of the internal carotid artery in 68 patients. Eur J Med 2:466?472","journal-title":"Eur J Med"},{"key":"CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.21.3.382","volume":"21","author":"H Bevan","year":"1990","unstructured":"Bevan H, Sharma K, Bradley W (1990) Stroke in young adults. Stroke 21:382?386","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.1992.1205314.x","volume":"12","author":"V Biousse","year":"1992","unstructured":"Biousse V, Woimant F, Amarenco P, Touboul PJ, Bousser MG (1992) Pain as the only manifestation of internal carotid artery dissection. Cephalalgia 12:314?317","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"CR8","first-page":"63","volume":"1","author":"J Bogousslavsky","year":"1988","unstructured":"Bogousslavsky J (1988) Dissections of the cerebral arteries: clinical effects. Curr Opin Neurol Neurosurg 1:63?68","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"key":"CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1987.00520170009012","volume":"44","author":"J Bogousslavsky","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bogousslavsky, J, Regli F (1987) Ischemic stroke in adults younger than 30 years of age. Cause and prognosis. Arch Neurol 44:479?482","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.154.2.3966131","volume":"154","author":"WG Bradley Jr","year":"1985","unstructured":"Bradley WG Jr, Waluch V (1985) Blood flow: magnetic resonance imaging. Radiology 154:443?450","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.146.5.971","volume":"146","author":"L Brateman","year":"1986","unstructured":"Brateman L (1986) Chemical shift imaging: a review. AJR 146:971?980","journal-title":"AJR"},{"key":"CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.20.4.477","volume":"20","author":"AM Chancellor","year":"1989","unstructured":"Chancellor AM, Glasgow GL, Ockelford PA, Johns A, Smith J (1989) Etiology, prognosis, and hemostatic function after cerebral infarction in young adults. Stroke 20:477?482","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"CR13","first-page":"34","volume":"369","author":"SE Cronqvist","year":"1986","unstructured":"Cronqvist SE, Norrving B, Nilsson B (1986) Young stroke patients. An angiographic study. Acta Radiol [Suppl] 369:34?37","journal-title":"Acta Radiol [Suppl]"},{"key":"CR14","first-page":"271","volume-title":"Handbook of clinlical neurology, Vol 10 (54)","author":"A Culebras","year":"1989","unstructured":"Culebras A, Hodge CJ, Petro GR (1989) Carotid and vertebral dissecting hematomas. In: Toole JF (ed) Handbook of clinlical neurology, Vol 10 (54), Part II. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 271?285"},{"key":"CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-198911000-00010","volume":"13","author":"G Pozzo Dal","year":"1989","unstructured":"Dal Pozzo G, Mascalchi M, Fonda C, Cadelo M, Ronchi O, Inzitari D (1989) Lower cranial nerve palsy due to dissection of the internal carotid artery: CT and MR imaging. J Comput Assist Tomogr 13:989?995","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"key":"CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1989.hed2909560.x","volume":"29","author":"J D'Anglejan-Chatillon","year":"1989","unstructured":"D'Anglejan-Chatillon J, Ribeiro V, Mas JL, Youl BD, Bousser MG (1989) Migraine ? a risk factor for dissection of cervical arteries. Headache 29:560?561","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"CR17","first-page":"223","volume":"13","author":"KB Digre","year":"1992","unstructured":"Digre KB, Smoker WR, Johnston P, Tryhus MR, Thompson HS, Cox TA, Yuh WT (1992) Selective MR imaging approach for evaluation of patients with Homer's syndrome. AJNR 13:223?227","journal-title":"AJNR"},{"key":"CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1759","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1069082","volume":"110","author":"HG Dizinger","year":"1985","unstructured":"Dizinger HG, Ringelstein EB (1985) Die Diagnostik des Schlaganfalls bei jungen Erwachsenen. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 110:1759?1765","journal-title":"Dtsch Med Wochenschr"},{"key":"CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/0741-5214(91)90093-A","volume":"14","author":"TF Early","year":"1991","unstructured":"Early TF, Gregory RT, Wheeler JR, Snyder SO, Gayle RG, Parent FN, Sorrell K (1991) Spontaneous carotid dissection: duplex scanning in diagnosis and management. J Vasc Surg 14:391?397","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.53.5.379","volume":"53","author":"MSM Eljamel","year":"1990","unstructured":"Eljamel MSM, Humphrey PRD, Shaw MDM (1990) Dissection of the cervical internal carotid artery. The role of Doppler\/Duplex studies and conservative management. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 53:379?383","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1982.hed2202060.x","volume":"22","author":"CM Fisher","year":"1981","unstructured":"Fisher CM (1981) The headache and pain of spontaneous carotid dissection. Headache 22:60?65","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1991.01080110033022","volume":"109","author":"R Foster","year":"1991","unstructured":"Foster R, Kosmorsky GS, Sweeney PJ, Masaryk TJ (1991) Homer's syndrome secondary to spontaneous carotid dissection with normal angiography. Arch Ophthalmol 109:1499?1500","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"CR23","first-page":"53","volume":"136","author":"G Gauthier","year":"1985","unstructured":"Gauthier G, Rohr J, Wildi E, Megret M (1985) L'h\u00e9matome diss\u00e9quant spontann\u00e9 de l'art\u00e8re carotide interne. Arch Suisse Neurol Psychiatr 136:53?74","journal-title":"Arch Suisse Neurol Psychiatr"},{"key":"CR24","first-page":"437","volume":"145","author":"JC Gautier","year":"1989","unstructured":"Gautier JC, Pradat-Diehl P, Loron P, Lechat P, Lascault G, Juillard JB, Grosgogeat Y (1989) Accidents vasculaires c\u00e9r\u00e9braux des sujets jeunes. Une \u00e9tude de 133 patients ag\u00e9s de 9 \u00e0 45 ans. Rev Neurol (Paris) 145:437?442","journal-title":"Rev Neurol (Paris)"},{"key":"CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.21.2.209","volume":"21","author":"GJ Hankey","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hankey GJ, Warlow CP, Selirar RJ (1990) Cerebral angiographic risk in mild cerebrovascular disease. Stroke 21:209?222","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8619(18)31177-0","volume":"1","author":"RG Hart","year":"1983","unstructured":"Hart RG, Easton JD (1983) Dissection of cervical and cerebral arteries. Neurol Clin 1:155?182","journal-title":"Neurol Clin"},{"key":"CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.16.6.925","volume":"16","author":"RG Hart","year":"1985","unstructured":"Hart RG, Easton JD (1985) Dissections. Stroke 16:925?927","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.14.1.110","volume":"14","author":"RG Hart","year":"1983","unstructured":"Hart RG, Miller VT (1983) Cerebral infarction on young adults: a practical approach. Stroke 14:110?114","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/S0147-0272(83)80013-0","volume":"7","author":"RG Hart","year":"1983","unstructured":"Hart RG, Sherman DG, Miller VT, et al (1983) Diagnosis and management of ischemic stroke II. Selected controversies. Curr Probl Cardiol 7:43?53","journal-title":"Curr Probl Cardiol"},{"key":"CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1989.00520420090028","volume":"46","author":"M Hennerici","year":"1989","unstructured":"Hennerici M, Steinke W, Rautenberg W (1989) High resistance flow pattern in extracranial carotid dissection. Arch Neurol 46:670?672","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.25.3.571","volume":"25","author":"C Kitanaka","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kitanaka C, Tanaka J, Kuwahara M, Teraoka A (1993) Magnetic resonance imaging study of intracranial vertebrobasilar artery dissection. Stroke 25:571?575","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1991.tb04962.x","volume":"84","author":"G Lanzino","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lanzino G, Andreoli A, Di Pasquale G, Urbinati S, Limoni P, Serrachioli A, Lusa A, Pinelli G, Testa C, Tognetti F (1991) Etiopathogenesis and prognosis of cerebral ischemia in young adults. A survey of 155 treated patients. Acta Neurol Scand 84:321?325","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.54.7.576","volume":"54","author":"F Lisovoski","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lisovoski F, Rousseaux P (1991) Cerebral infarction in young people. A study of 148 patients with early cerebral angiography. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 54:576?579","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.15.5.795","volume":"15","author":"KL Mettinger","year":"1984","unstructured":"Mettinger KL, Soderstrom CE, Allander E (1984) Epidemiology of acute cerebrovascular disease before the age of 55 in the Stockholm county, 1973?1977. I. Incidence and mortality rates. Stroke 15:795?801","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1979.00500470047008","volume":"36","author":"B Mokri","year":"1979","unstructured":"Mokri B, Sundt TM, Houser OW (1979) Spontaneous internal carotid dissection, hemicrania, and Homer's syndrome. Arch Neurol 36:677?680","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410190204","volume":"19","author":"B Mokri","year":"1986","unstructured":"Mokri B, Sundt TM, Houser OW, Piepgras DG (1986) Spontaneous dissection of the cervical internal carotid artery. Ann Neurol 19:126?138","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.55.2.98","volume":"55","author":"W M\u00fcllges","year":"1992","unstructured":"M\u00fcllges W, Ringelstein EB, Leibold M (1992) Non-invasive diagnosis of internal carotid artery dissections. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 55:98?104","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/108.2.517","volume":"108","author":"TV Norregaard","year":"1985","unstructured":"Norregaard TV, Moskowitz MA (1985) Substance P and the sensory innervation of intracranial and extracranial feline cephalic arteries. Brain 108:517?533","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"CR39","first-page":"153","volume":"4","author":"S Okuhn","year":"1991","unstructured":"Okuhn S (1991) Spontaneous dissection of the inemal carotid artery. Semin Vase Surg 4:153?158","journal-title":"Semin Vase Surg"},{"key":"CR40","first-page":"360","volume":"12","author":"R Pacini","year":"1991","unstructured":"Pacini R, Simon J, Ketonen L, Kido D, Kieburtz K (1991) Chemical-shift imaging of a spontaneous internal carotid artery dissection: case report. AJNR 12:360?362","journal-title":"AJNR"},{"key":"CR41","first-page":"1053","volume":"7","author":"GR Petro","year":"1986","unstructured":"Petro GR, Wiwer GA, Cacayorin ED, et al (1986) Spontaneous dissection of the cervical internal carotid artery: correlation of arteriography. CT and pathology. AJNR 7:1053?1058","journal-title":"AJNR"},{"key":"CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.21.4.528","volume":"21","author":"E Pozzati","year":"1990","unstructured":"Pozzati E, Giuliani G, Acciarri N, Nuzzo G (1990) Long-term follow-up of occlusive cervical carotid dissection. Stroke 21:528?531","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.39.5.686","volume":"39","author":"JF Rothrock","year":"1989","unstructured":"Rothrock JF, Lim V, Press G, Gosink B (1989) Serial magnetic resonance and carotid duplex examinations in the management of carotid dissection. Neurology 39:686?692","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"CR44","first-page":"671","volume-title":"Stroke: pathophysiology, diagnosis and management","author":"JL Saver","year":"1992","unstructured":"Saver JL, Easton JD, Hart RG (1992) Dissections and trauma of cervicocerebral arteries. In: Barnett HIM (ed) Stroke: pathophysiology, diagnosis and management, 2nd edn. Churchill Livingstone, New York, 671?688","edition":"2nd edn."},{"key":"CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.24.11.1678","volume":"24","author":"WI Schievink","year":"1993","unstructured":"Schievink WI, Mokri B, Whisnant J (1993) Internal carotid artery dissection in a community. Rochester, Minnesota, 1987?1992. Stroke 24:1678?1680","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"CR46","first-page":"243","volume":"10","author":"N Sellier","year":"1983","unstructured":"Sellier N, Chiras J, Benhamou M, Bories J (1983) Dissections spontann\u00e9es de la carotide interne: aspects cliniques, radiologiques et \u00e9volutifs: a propos de 46 cas. J Neuroradiol. 10:243?259","journal-title":"J Neuroradiol."},{"key":"CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.18.4.708","volume":"18","author":"WRK Smoker","year":"1987","unstructured":"Smoker WRK, Billet J, Hingtgen WL, Adams HP, Toffol GJ (1987) Angiography of nonhemorrhagic cerebral infarction in young adults. Stroke 18:708?711","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1991.00530220079023","volume":"48","author":"M Sturzenegger","year":"1991","unstructured":"Sturzenegger M (1991) Ultrasound findings in spontaneous carotid artery dissection. Arch Neurol 48:1057?1063","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.21.9.1378","volume":"21","author":"TA omsick","year":"1990","unstructured":"omsick TA (1990) Imaging techniques in suspected internal carotid artery dissection. Stroke 21:1378?1380","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.15.2.221","volume":"15","author":"A Torvik","year":"1984","unstructured":"Torvik A (1984) The pathogenesis of watershed infarcts in the brain. Stroke 15:221?223","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"CR51","first-page":"1564","volume":"320","author":"RM Trosch","year":"1989","unstructured":"Trosch RM, Hasbani M, Brass LM (1989) ?Bottom up? dissection. N Engl J Med 320:1564?1565","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00313032","volume":"14","author":"C Weiller","year":"1991","unstructured":"Weiller C, M\u00fcllges W, Ringelstein EB, B\u00fcll U, Biniek R, Reiche W (1991) Patterns of brain infarctions in internal carotid artery dissections. Neurosurg Rev 14:111?113","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"key":"CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.12.1.1","volume":"12","author":"FD Weinfield","year":"1981","unstructured":"Weinfield FD (1981) National survey of stroke. Stroke 12:1?55","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.6013.818","volume":"1","author":"TET West","year":"1976","unstructured":"West TET, Davies RJ, Kelly RE (1976) Homer's syndrome and headache due to carotid artery disease. BMT 1:818","journal-title":"BMT"},{"key":"CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.1993.12.10.621","volume":"12","author":"J Wong","year":"1993","unstructured":"Wong J, Gibson RN, Dolan J, Norton GR, Davis S (1993) Fluctuating hemodynamics in spontaneous dissection of the cervical internal carotid artery. J Ultrasound Med 12:621?623","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.25.3.576","volume":"25","author":"M Zuber","year":"1993","unstructured":"Zuber M, Meaty E, Meder JF, Mas JL (1993) Magnetic resonance imaging and dynamic CT scan in cervical artery dissections. Stroke 25:576?581","journal-title":"Stroke"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00919596.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF00919596\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF00919596","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,29]],"date-time":"2019-04-29T16:49:18Z","timestamp":1556556558000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF00919596"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995]]}},"alternative-id":["BF00919596"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf00919596","relation":{},"ISSN":["0340-5354","1432-1459"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0340-5354","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1459","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995]]}}}