{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T09:31:04Z","timestamp":1759743064420},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1991,8,1]],"date-time":"1991-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":681004800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf01061665","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,29]],"date-time":"2005-01-29T14:24:52Z","timestamp":1107008692000},"page":"413-455","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Stepwise determination of multicompartment disposition and absorption parameters from extravascular concentration-time data. Application to mesoridazine, flurbiprofen, flunarizine, labetalol, and diazepam"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"John G.","family":"Wagner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Derek A.","family":"Ganes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kamal K.","family":"Midha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iraida","family":"Gonzalez-Younes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. Chris","family":"Sackellares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Larry D.","family":"Olson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melton B.","family":"Affrime","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James E.","family":"Patrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1991,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"BF01061665_CR1","volume-title":"Drug and Tracer Kinetics","author":"A. Rescigno","year":"1966","unstructured":"A. Rescigno and G. Segre.Drug and Tracer Kinetics, Blaisdell, Waltham, MA, 1966."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR2","first-page":"461","volume-title":"Fundamentals of Clinical Pharmacokinetics","author":"J. G. Wagner","year":"1975","unstructured":"J. G. Wagner.Fundamentals of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, 1st ed., Drug Intelligence Publications, Hamilton, IL, 1975, p. 461. (Ref. 2a, p. 88)","edition":"1st ed."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/b14095","volume-title":"Pharmacokinetics","author":"M. Gibaldi","year":"1982","unstructured":"M. Gibaldi and D. Perrier.Pharmacokinetics, 2nd ed., Marcel Dekker, New York, 1982.","edition":"2nd ed."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600520629","volume":"52","author":"J. G. Wagner","year":"1983","unstructured":"J. G. Wagner and E. Nelson. Percent absorbed time plots derived from blood level and\/ or urinary excretion data.J. Pharm. Sci. 52:610\u2013611 (1983).","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600570602","volume":"57","author":"J. Loo","year":"1968","unstructured":"J. Loo and S. Riegelman. New method for calculating the intrinsic absorption rate of drugs.J. Pharm. Sci. 57:918\u2013928 (1968).","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600720738","volume":"72","author":"J. G. Wagner","year":"1983","unstructured":"J. G. Wagner. Pharmacokinetics absorption plots from oral data alone or oral\/intravenous data and an Exact Loo-Riegelman equation.J. Pharm. Sci. 72:838\u2013845 (1983).","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600740724","volume":"74","author":"J. H. Proost","year":"1985","unstructured":"J. H. Proost. Wagner's Exact Loo-Riegelman equation: The need for a criterion to choose between the linear and logarithmic trapezoidal rule.J. Pharm. Sci. 74:793\u2013794 (1985).","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01059546","volume":"8","author":"P. Veng-Pedersen","year":"1980","unstructured":"P. Veng-Pedersen. An algorithm and computer program for deconvolution in linear pharmacokinetics.J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm. 8:463\u2013481 (1980).","journal-title":"J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01065657","volume":"13","author":"W. R. Gillespie","year":"1985","unstructured":"W. R. Gillespie and P. Veng-Pedersen. A polyexponential deconvolution method: Evaluation of \u201cgastrointestinal bioavailability\u201d and mean in vitro dissolution time of some ibuprofen dosage forms.J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm. 13:289\u2013307 (1985).","journal-title":"J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1002\/bdd.2510060311","volume":"6","author":"W. R. Gillespie","year":"1985","unstructured":"W. R. Gillespie and Veng-Pedersen. Gastrointestinal bioavailability: Determination of in vivo release profile of solid oral dosage forms by deconvolution.Biopharm. Drug. Dispos. 6:351\u2013355 (1985).","journal-title":"Biopharm. Drug. Dispos."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01059201","volume":"14","author":"P. Veng-Pedersen","year":"1986","unstructured":"P. Veng-Pedersen and W. R. Gillespie. A note on appropriate constraints on the initial input response when applying deconvolution.J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm. 14:441\u2013447 (1986).","journal-title":"J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1038\/207201a0","volume":"207","author":"J. G. Wagner","year":"1965","unstructured":"J. G. Wagner, J. I. Northam, and W. T. Sokolski. Biological half-lives of the antibiotic lincomycin observed in repetitive experiments in the same subjects.Nature 207:201\u2013202 (1965).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF01061665_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01059628","volume":"1","author":"J. G. Wagner","year":"1973","unstructured":"J. G. Wagner. Intrasubject variation in elimination half-lives of drugs which are appreciably metabolized.J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm. 1:165\u2013173 (1973).","journal-title":"J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt1979264407","volume":"26","author":"A. P. Alvares","year":"1979","unstructured":"A. P. Alvares, A. Kappas, J. L. Eisman, K. E. Anderson, C. B. Pantuck, E. J. Pantuck, K. C. Hsiao, W. A. Garland, and A. H. Conney. Intraindividual variation in drug disposition.Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 26:247\u2013255 (1979).","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00546708","volume":"26","author":"M. Eichelbaum","year":"1984","unstructured":"M. Eichelbaum and A. Smogyi. Inter and intra-subject variation in first-pass elimination of highly cleared drugs during chronic dosing: Studies with deuterated verapamil.Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 26:47\u201353 (1984).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00556898","volume":"27","author":"A. Grahnen","year":"1984","unstructured":"A. Grahnen, M. Hammarlund, and T. Lundquist. Implications of intraindividual variability in bioavailability studies of furosemide.Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 27:595\u2013602 (1984).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600730821","volume":"73","author":"A. A. Halazo","year":"1984","unstructured":"A. A. Halazo, W. A. Colburn, J. H. Gustafson, R. L. Young, and M. Parsonnet. Pharmacokinetics of bumetanide following intravenous, intramuscular and oral administrations to normal subjects.J. Pharm. Sci. 73:1108\u20131113 (1984).","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(86)90046-1","volume":"78","author":"J. G. Wagner","year":"1986","unstructured":"J. G. Wagner. Estimation of theophylline absorption rate by means of the Wagner-Nelson equation.J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 78 (Part 2):681\u2013688 (1986).","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR19","first-page":"562","volume":"22","author":"J. G. Wagner","year":"1988","unstructured":"J. G. Wagner. Inter- and intrasubject variation of digoxin renal clearance in normal adult males.Drug Int. Clin. Pharm. 22:562\u2013567 (1988).","journal-title":"Drug Int. Clin. Pharm."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR20","first-page":"536","volume":"108","author":"J. G. Wagner","year":"1973","unstructured":"J. G. Wagner, P. D. Holmes, P. K. Wilkinson, D. C. Blair, and R. G. Stoll. Importance of the type of dosage form and saturable acetylation in determination the bioavailability of p-aminosalicylic acid.Am. Rev. Resp. Dis. 108:536\u2013546 (1973).","journal-title":"Am. Rev. Resp. Dis."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt1974164727","volume":"16","author":"K. S. Albert","year":"1974","unstructured":"K. S. Albert, E. Sakmar, M. R. Hallmark, D. J. Weidler, and J. G. Wagner. Bioavailability of diphenylhydantoin.Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 16:727\u2013735 (1974).","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01071309","volume":"2","author":"K. S. Albert","year":"1974","unstructured":"K. S. Albert, A. J. Sedman, and J. G. Wagner. Pharmacokinetics of orally administered acetaminophen in man.J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm. 2:381\u2013393 (1974).","journal-title":"J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600641035","volume":"64","author":"T. J. Sullivan","year":"1975","unstructured":"T. J. Sullivan, E. Sakmar, K. S. Albert, D. C. Blair, and J. G. Wagner.In vitro andin vivo availability of commercial prednisone tablets.J. Pharm. Sci. 64:1723\u20131725 (1975).","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01086151","volume":"4","author":"T. J. Sullivan","year":"1976","unstructured":"T. J. Sullivan, M. R. Hallmark, E. Sakmar, D. J. Weidler, R. H. Earhart, and J. G. Wagner. Comparative bioavailability: Eight commercial prednisone tablets.J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm. 4:157\u2013172 (1976).","journal-title":"J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01065399","volume":"5","author":"A. V. Tembo","year":"1977","unstructured":"A. V. Tembo, M. R. Hallmark, E. Sakmar, H. G. Bachmann, D. J. Weidler, and J. G. Wagner. Bioavailability of prednisolone tablets.J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm. 5:257\u2013270 (1977).","journal-title":"J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00561061","volume":"12","author":"J. W. Ayres","year":"1977","unstructured":"J. W. Ayres, D. J. Weidler, J. MacKichan, E. Sakmar, M. R. Hallmark, E. F. Lemanowicz, and J. G. Wagner. Pharmacokinetics of tolmetin with and without concomitant administration of antacid in man.Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 12:421\u2013428 (1977).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1981.180","volume":"30","author":"R. F. Bergstrom","year":"1981","unstructured":"R. F. Bergstrom, D. R. Kay, T. M. Harcom, and J. G. Wagner. Penicillamine kinetics in normal subjects.Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 30:404\u2013413 (1981).","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1983.136","volume":"34","author":"G. F. Lockwood","year":"1983","unstructured":"G. F. Lockwood, K. S. Albert, W. R. Gillespie, G. G. Bole, T. M. Harkcom, G. J. Szpunar, and J. G. Wagner. Pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen in man: I. Free and total area\/dose relationships.Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 34:97\u2013103 (1983).","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1002\/bdd.2510080308","volume":"8","author":"G. J. Szpunar","year":"1987","unstructured":"G. J. Szpunar, K. S. Albert, G. G. Bole, J. N. Dreyfuss, G. F. Lockwood, and J. G. Wagner. Pharmacokinetics of flurbiprofen in man. I. Area\/dose relationship.Biopharm. Drug Dispos. 8:273\u2013283 (1987).","journal-title":"Biopharm. Drug Dispos."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR30","unstructured":"MINSQ and RSTRIP, MicroMath Scientific Software, P.O. Box 21550, Salt Lake City, UT 84121."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01062109","volume":"6","author":"K. Yamaoka","year":"1978","unstructured":"K. Yamaoka, T. Nakagawa, and T. Uno. Statistical moments in pharmacokinetics.J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm. 6:547\u2013558 (1978).","journal-title":"J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1002\/bod.2510090106","volume":"9","author":"J. G. Wagner","year":"1988","unstructured":"J. G. Wagner. Types of mean residence times.Biopharm. Drug Dispos. 9:41\u201357 (1988).","journal-title":"Biopharm. Drug Dispos."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01062554","volume":"16","author":"P. Veng-Pedersen","year":"1988","unstructured":"P. Veng-Pedersen. Linear and nonlinear system approaches in pharmacokinetics: How much do they have to offer? I. General considerations.J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm. 16:413\u2013472 (1988).","journal-title":"J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR34","first-page":"345","volume-title":"Ph.D. thesis","author":"D. A. Ganes","year":"1987","unstructured":"D. A. Ganes. Metabolic and pharmacokinetic studies of thioridazine, mesoridazine and sulforidazine in the dog and man. Ph.D. thesis, College of Pharmacy, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, 1987, p. 345."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR35","first-page":"271","volume-title":"Ph.D. thesis","author":"I. Gonzalez","year":"1989","unstructured":"I. Gonzalez. Absorption of flurbiprofen and some other drugs through oral mucosa. Ph.D. thesis, College of Pharmacy, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1989, p. 271."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR36","first-page":"248","volume-title":"Ph.D thesis","author":"G. J. Szpunar","year":"1984","unstructured":"G. J. Szpunar. The pharmacokinetics of flurbiprofen in man. Ph.D thesis, College of Pharmacy, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1984, p. 248."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1988.tb04233.x","volume":"29","author":"I. M. Kapetanovic","year":"1988","unstructured":"I. M. Kapetanovic, C. D. Torchin, H. J. Kupferberg, D. M. Treiman, C. DiGiorgio, K. Barber, L. Norton, M. Lau, L. Whitley, and J. J. Cereghino. Pharmacokinetic profile of flunarizine after single and multiple dosing in epileptic patients receiving comedication.Epilepsia 29:770\u2013774 (1988).","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"BF01061665_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600621111","volume":"62","author":"S. A. Kaplan","year":"1973","unstructured":"S. A. Kaplan, M. L. Jack, K. Alexander, and R. E. Weinfeld. Pharmacokinetic profile of diazepam in man following single intravenous and oral and chronic oral administrations.J. Pharm. Sci. 62:1789\u20131796 (1973).","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01062384","volume":"16","author":"P. Veng-Pedersen","year":"1988","unstructured":"P. Veng-Pedersen. Linear and nonlinear system approaches in pharmacokinetics: How much do they have to offer? II. The response mapping operator (RMO) approach.J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm. 16:543\u2013571 (1988).","journal-title":"J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1552-4604.1988.tb03094.x","volume":"28","author":"P. Veng-Pedersen","year":"1988","unstructured":"P. Veng-Pedersen. System approaches in pharmacokinetic: I. Basic concepts.J. Clin. Pharmacol. 28:1\u20135 (1988).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1552-4604.1988.tb05732.x","volume":"28","author":"P. Veng-Pedersen","year":"1988","unstructured":"P. Veng-Pedersen. System approaches in pharmacokinetics: II. Applications.J. Clin. Pharmacol. 28:97\u2013104 (1988).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-198917010-00003","volume":"17","author":"J. M. Rossum van","year":"1989","unstructured":"J. M. van Rossum and J. E. G. M. de Bie. System dynamics in clinical pharmacokinetics: An introduction.Clin. Pharmacokin. 17:27\u201344 (1989).","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacokin."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01061902","volume":"17","author":"J. M. Rossum van","year":"1989","unstructured":"J. M. van Rossum, J. E. G. M. de Bie, G. van Lingen, and H. W. A. Teeuwen. Pharmacokinetics from a dynamical systems point of view.J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm. 17:365\u2013392 (1989).","journal-title":"J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01062829","volume":"4","author":"J. G. Wagner","year":"1976","unstructured":"J. G. Wagner. Linear pharmacokinetic models and vanishing exponential terms: Implications in pharmacokinetics.J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm. 4:395\u2013425 (1976).","journal-title":"J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm."},{"key":"BF01061665_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01071351","volume":"17","author":"N. Watari","year":"1989","unstructured":"N. Watari and L. Z. Benet. Determination of mean input time, mean residence time, and steady-state volume of distribution with multiple drug inputs.J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm. 17:593\u2013599 (1989).","journal-title":"J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm."}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF01061665.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF01061665\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF01061665","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,4]],"date-time":"2021-07-04T11:43:08Z","timestamp":1625398988000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF01061665"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1991,8]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,8]]}},"alternative-id":["BF01061665"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf01061665","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-466X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-466X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1991,8]]}}}