{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T14:05:16Z","timestamp":1780581916666,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1993,8,1]],"date-time":"1993-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":744163200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Digest Dis Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf01308595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,25]],"date-time":"2005-03-25T14:19:44Z","timestamp":1111760384000},"page":"1402-1408","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["The symptom index"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Swarnjit","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel E.","family":"Richter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence A.","family":"Bradley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie M.","family":"Haile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)37879-1","volume":"79","author":"RT DeMeester","year":"1980","unstructured":"DeMeester RT, Wang CI, Wernly JA, Pellegrini CA, Little AG, Klementschitsch P, Klementschitsch P, Bermudez G, Johnson LF, Skinner DB: Technique, indications, and clinical use of 24 hour esophageal pH monitoring. J Thorac Cardiac Surg 79:656?667, 1980","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiac Surg"},{"key":"CR2","first-page":"93","volume-title":"Ambulatory Esophageal pH Monitoring: Practical Approach and Clinical Applications","author":"JE Richter","year":"1991","unstructured":"Richter JE: The symptom index: Correlation of acid reflux with symptoms.In Ambulatory Esophageal pH Monitoring: Practical Approach and Clinical Applications. JE Richter (ed). New York, Igaku-Shoin, 1991, pp 93?100"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-198606001-00009","volume":"8","author":"BW Ward","year":"1986","unstructured":"Ward BW, Wu WC, Richter JE, Lui KW, Castell DO: Ambulatory 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring: technology searching for a clinical application. J Clin Gastroenterol 8(suppl 1):59?67, 1986","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"CR4","first-page":"358","volume":"83","author":"GJ Wiener","year":"1988","unstructured":"Wiener GJ, Richter JE, Cooper JB, Wu WC, Castell DO: The symptom index: A clinically important parameter of ambulatory 24 hour esophageal pH monitoring. Am J Gastroenterol 83:358?361, 1988","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A58","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)90281-5","volume":"98","author":"EG Hewson","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hewson EG, Sinclair JW, Dalton CB, Richter JE: Evaluation of 100 noncardiac chest pain patients finds 24-hour pH study to be the most useful diagnostic test. Gastroenterology 98:A58, 1990","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.3109\/00365528709011148","volume":"22","author":"F Johnsson","year":"1987","unstructured":"Johnsson F, Joelsson B, Gudmundsonk, Greiff L: Symptoms and endoscopic findings in the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 22:714?718, 1987","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8553(21)00662-2","volume":"19","author":"JS DeCaestecker","year":"1990","unstructured":"DeCaestecker JS, Heading RC: Esophageal pH monitoring. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 19:645?669, 1990","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin North Am"},{"key":"CR8","first-page":"A118","volume":"102","author":"R Marks","year":"1992","unstructured":"Marks R, Richter JE, Koehler R, Spenney J, Mills T: Does medical therapy improve dysphagia in patients with peptic strictures and esophagitis. Gastroenterology 102:A118, 1992","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)90607-3","volume":"99","author":"AJ Cameron","year":"1990","unstructured":"Cameron AJ, Linsmeister AR, Ballard DJ, Carney JA: Prevalence of columnar lined (Barrett's) esophagus. Comparison of population-based clinical and autopsy findings. Gastroenterology 99:918?922, 1990","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01296157","volume":"32","author":"JE Richter","year":"1987","unstructured":"Richter JE, Wu WC, Johns DN, Blackwell JN, Nelson JL, Castell JA, Castell DO: Esophageal manometry in 95 healthy adult volunteers: Variability of pressures with age and frequency of ?abnormal? contractions. Dig Dis Sci 32:583?592, 1987","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"CR11","first-page":"325","volume":"62","author":"LR Johnson","year":"1974","unstructured":"Johnson LR, DeMeester TR: Twenty-four hour pH monitoring of distal esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol 62:325?332, 1974","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01300382","volume":"37","author":"JE Richter","year":"1992","unstructured":"Richter JE, Bradley LA, DeMeester TR, Wu WC: Normal 24-hour ambulatory esophageal pH values: Influence of study center, pH electrode, age and gender. Dig Dis Sci 37:849?856, 1992","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(87)90318-0","volume":"93","author":"NE Schindlbeck","year":"1987","unstructured":"Schindlbeck NE, Heinrich C, Konig A, Dendorfer A, Pace F, Muller-Lissner SA: Optimal thresholds, sensitivity, and specificity of long-term pH-metry for the detection of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Gastroenterology 93:85?90, 1987","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01540333","volume":"34","author":"DW Murphy","year":"1989","unstructured":"Murphy DW, Yuan Y, Castell DO: Does the intraesophageal pH probe accurately detect acid reflux? Dig Dis Sci 34:649?656, 1989","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"CR15","first-page":"627","volume-title":"The Esophagus","author":"JW Kikendall","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kikendall JW, Johnson LF: Pill-induced esophageal injury.In The Esophagus. DO Castell, (ed). Boston, Little, Brown, 1992, pp 627?642"},{"key":"CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(90)90348-H","volume":"89","author":"HE Mattox","year":"1990","unstructured":"Mattox HE, Richter JE: Prolonged ambulatory esophageal pH monitoring in the evaluation of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Am J Med 89:345?356, 1990","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"CR17","first-page":"3","volume":"5","author":"JE Richter","year":"1992","unstructured":"Richter JE, Baldi F, Clouse RE, Diamant NE, Janssens J, Staiano A: Functional oesophageal diseases. Gastroenterol Int 5:3?17, 1992","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Int"},{"key":"CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)92686-9","volume":"1","author":"G Vantrappen","year":"1987","unstructured":"Vantrappen G, Janssens G, Ghillebert G: The irritable oesophagus ?a frequent cause of angina-like pain. Lancet 1:1232, 1987","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"CR19","first-page":"10","volume-title":"Digestive Tract Pain","author":"CM Jones","year":"1958","unstructured":"Jones CM: Digestive Tract Pain. New York, Macmillan, 1958, pp 10?14"},{"key":"CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197309062891008","volume":"289","author":"RC Orlando","year":"1973","unstructured":"Orlando RC, Bozyniski EM: Heartburn in pernicious anemia. A consequence of bile reflux. N Engl J Med 289:522?523, 1973","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"CR21","first-page":"A401","volume":"96","author":"JJ Pulliam","year":"1989","unstructured":"Pulliam JJ, Bradley LA, Dalton CB, Salley AN, Richter JE: Role of psychological stress in gastroesophageal reflux disease. Gastroenterology 96:A401, 1989","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(88)90542-2","volume":"94","author":"L Peters","year":"1988","unstructured":"Peters L, Maas L, Petty D, Dalton C, Penner D, Wu W, Castell DO, Richter JE: Spontaneous non-cardiac chest pain: Evaluation by 24 hour ambulatory esophageal motility and pH monitoring. Gastroenterology 94:878?886, 1988","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)91147-X","volume":"99","author":"R Breumelhof","year":"1990","unstructured":"Breumelhof R, Nadorp JHSM, Akkermans L, Smout AJPM: Analysis of 24-hour esophageal pressure and pH data in unselected patients with noncardiac chest pain. Gastroenterology 99:1257?1264, 1990","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"}],"container-title":["Digestive Diseases and Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF01308595.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF01308595\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF01308595","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,7]],"date-time":"2021-07-07T11:00:01Z","timestamp":1625655601000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF01308595"}},"subtitle":["Differential usefulness in suspected acid-related complaints of heartburn and chest pain"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,8]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,8]]}},"alternative-id":["BF01308595"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf01308595","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-2116","1573-2568"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0163-2116","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-2568","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,8]]}}}