{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:09:56Z","timestamp":1786979396452,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,9,1]],"date-time":"1996-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":841536000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Repetitive blunt trauma or single severe trauma to the hypothenar region may lead to traumatic thrombosis of the distal ulnar artery (hypothenar hammer syndrome, HHS). In the sports\u2010related literature we found and analysed isolated cases attributed to injuries sustained during sporting activities such as baseball, badminton, handball, football, frisbee, softball, karate, weight\u2010lifting and hockey. Further, we report the case of an amateur golf player with ischaemic symptoms of his left hand, where angiography revealed filling defects in the digital arteries associated with a corkscrew\u2010like configuration of the distal ulnar artery. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan demonstrated, at the level of the hamulus ossis hamati, accessory fibres of m. palmaris brevis forming a sling around the ulnar artery. Treatment by resection of the ulnar artery. Treatment by resection of the thrombosed a. ulnaris segment and replacement with an autologous vein graft resulted in complete relief of symptoms. Histological sections revealed partially organized thrombi adherent to the intimal surface with fragmentation of the internal elastic membrane, indicating a traumatic genesis. As the mechanism of injury, we suspected intensive golf playing with the grip style and subsequent motions leading to pressure injury of the hypothenar area and the underlying ulnar artery. Contraction of the anomalous muscle belly may have additionally compressed the artery, slowing down the arterial flow and promoting thrombosis. In most reported cases including our own, it took a relatively long time until the cause of the disease as traumatic was found and accepted. The initial repetitive blunt or single severe trauma initiaing the HHS can easily be overlloked or ignored. After intimal damage of a. ulnaris, the beginning of symptoms may be prolonged and mislead one into thinking the cause is a collagen or vasospastic disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/bf01577412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,28]],"date-time":"2005-04-28T04:42:52Z","timestamp":1114663372000},"page":"167-170","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Hypothenar hammer syndrome in sports"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"L. P.","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Klinik und Poliklinik f\u00fcr Unfallchirurgie Johannes\u2010Gutenberg\u2010Universit\u00e4t Mainz Langenbeckstrasse 1 D\u201055101 Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Rudig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Klinik und Poliklinik f\u00fcr Unfallchirurgie Johannes\u2010Gutenberg\u2010Universit\u00e4t Mainz Langenbeckstrasse 1 D\u201055101 Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.\u2010F.","family":"Kreitner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>2<\/label>--> Klinik und Poliklinik f\u00fcr Radiologie Johannes\u2010Gutenberg\u2010Universit\u00e4t Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Degreif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Klinik und Poliklinik f\u00fcr Unfallchirurgie Johannes\u2010Gutenberg\u2010Universit\u00e4t Mainz Langenbeckstrasse 1 D\u201055101 Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1996,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"504","article-title":"Injuries of the superficial palmar arch","volume":"3","author":"Butsch LB","year":"1962","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(79)80033-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","first-page":"1122","article-title":"Hypothenar hammer syndrome: postraumatic digital ischemia","volume":"68","author":"Conn J","year":"1970","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0363-5023(90)90122-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"125","article-title":"The hypothenar hammer syndrome","volume":"50","author":"Gaylis H","year":"1976","journal-title":"South Afr Med 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hand muscle found in the Guyon's canal at exploration for ulnar artery thrombosis","volume":"306","author":"Pribyl CL","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","first-page":"500","article-title":"Ein Fall von Thrombose in der Arteria ulnaris nach Einwirkung stumpfer Gewalt","volume":"73","author":"Rosen S","year":"1934","journal-title":"Acta Chir Scand"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","first-page":"225","article-title":"Traumatisch bedingte Durchblutungsst\u00f6rungen der H\u00e4nde","volume":"90","author":"Schneider M","year":"1995","journal-title":"Med Klinik"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198269010-00024"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.158.5.1566671"}],"container-title":["Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, 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