{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]],"date-time":"2023-12-28T00:12:28Z","timestamp":1703722348330},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1986,2,1]],"date-time":"1986-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":507600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World j. surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1986,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Malnutrition in childhood alters the defense mechanisms toward infections and leads to hypoalbuminemia. The risk of delayed wound healing and infections is highly increased. Parenteral nutrition is always indicated when a child will be unable or presently cannot or will not eat for more than 3\u00a0days. More than 50 substances are currently employed to fulfill the metabolic requirements. The needs for water, electrolytes, and energy are well understood, but the adequate amounts of amino acids, lipids, vitamins, and trace elements still need to be investigated. Although parenteral nutrition has become a lifesaving measure for many conditions in infants and children, the intravenous route is still far from being a substitute for the bowel. A number of complications related either to the catheter or to the metabolism are more frequently seen in children than in adults. Among these, rickets, anemia, hypoalbuminemia, and cholestatic jaundice are the most frequent. Ten recommendations are given to increase the utilization of infused substances and to minimize the risk of adverse reactions<\/jats:bold>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/bf01656093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,8]],"date-time":"2005-05-08T02:47:37Z","timestamp":1115520457000},"page":"77-83","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Parenteral nutrition in pediatric surgery"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"A. F.","family":"Sch\u00e4rli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery Children's Hospital 6000 Lucerne 16 Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1986,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"481","article-title":"Total intravenous feeding and growth in puppies","volume":"25","author":"Dudrick S.J.","year":"1966","journal-title":"Fed. 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