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An increased venoarterial shunt occurs resulting in arterial hypoxemia. The mortality rate is at least 50% if treatment is not begun before profound hypoxemia occurs. Recognition of abnormal cardiopulmonary function before overt hypoxemia develops is important. This is best accomplished by attentive monitoring of arterial blood gases. Sequential arterial oxygen tensions obtained on 40% and 100% inspired oxygen concentration are the best guides to selecting patients who have a high probability of pulmonary deterioration. Aggressive cardiovascular monitoring and early treatment with low levels of positive\u2010end expiratory pressure offer this group of patients an improved change of survival<\/jats:bold>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/bf01656398","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,9]],"date-time":"2005-05-09T13:47:49Z","timestamp":1115646469000},"page":"161-166","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Current concepts in the management of the adult respiratory distress syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"John A.","family":"Weigelt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Texas Health Science Center 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard 75235 Dallas Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1987,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-197809000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"179","article-title":"The cause of post\u2010traumatic pulmonary insufficiency in man","volume":"140","author":"Fulton R.L.","year":"1975","journal-title":"Surg. 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