{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T13:30:01Z","timestamp":1790861401678,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1993,2,1]],"date-time":"1993-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":728524800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Calcif Tissue Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf01673424","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,11]],"date-time":"2005-05-11T11:18:42Z","timestamp":1115810322000},"page":"S143-S147","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Trabecular microfracture"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Nicola L.","family":"Fazzalari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BF01673424_CR1","first-page":"115","volume":"9","author":"PH McFarland","year":"1961","unstructured":"McFarland PH, Frost HL (1961) A possible cause for aseptic necrosis of the femoral head. Henry Ford Hosp Med Bull 9:115\u2013122","journal-title":"Henry Ford Hosp Med Bull"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR2","first-page":"59","volume-title":"Dynamic studies of metabolic bone disease","author":"JS Arnold","year":"1964","unstructured":"Arnold JS (1964) The quantitation of bone mineralization as an organ and tissue in osteoporosis. In: Pearson OH, Joplin GF (eds) Dynamic studies of metabolic bone disease. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, pp 59\u201376"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/11.4.175","volume":"11","author":"J Darracott","year":"1971","unstructured":"Darracott J, Vernon-Roberts B (1971) The bony changes in \u201cChondromalacia Patellae.\u201d Rheum Phys Med 11:175\u2013179","journal-title":"Rheum Phys Med"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678408992387","volume":"55","author":"T Ohtani","year":"1984","unstructured":"Ohtani T, Azuma H (1984) Trabecular microfractures in the acetabulum: histologic studies in cadavers. Acta Orthop Scand 55:419\u2013422","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198907000-00020","volume":"244","author":"B Koszyca","year":"1989","unstructured":"Koszyca B, Fazzalari NL, Vernon-Roberts B (1989) Trabecular microfractures: nature and distribution in the proximal femur. Clin Orthop 244:208\u2013216","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.32.5.406","volume":"32","author":"B Vernon-Roberts","year":"1973","unstructured":"Vernon-Roberts B, Pirie CJ (1973) Healing trabecular microfractures in the bodies of lumbar vertebrae. Ann Rheum Dis 32:406\u2013412","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.54B4.723","volume":"54","author":"RC Todd","year":"1972","unstructured":"Todd RC, Freeman MAR, Pirie CJ (1972) Isolated trabecular fatigue fractures in the femoral head. J Bone Joint Surg [B] 54:723\u2013728","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg [B]"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100100211","volume":"10","author":"J Blackburn","year":"1992","unstructured":"Blackburn J, Hodgskinson R, Currey JD, Mason JE (1992) Mechanical properties of microcallus in human cancellous bone. J Orthop Res 10:237\u2013246","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-6009(90)90046-I","volume":"10","author":"L Mosekilde","year":"1990","unstructured":"Mosekilde L (1990) Consequences of the remodelling process for vertebral trabecular bone structure: a scanning electron microscopy study (uncoupling of unloaded structures). Bone Miner 10:13\u201335","journal-title":"Bone Miner"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.56B4.698","volume":"56","author":"MAR Freeman","year":"1974","unstructured":"Freeman MAR, Todd RC, Pirie CJ (1974) The role of fatigue in the pathogenesis of senile femoral fractures. J Bone Joint Surg [B] 56:698\u2013702","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg [B]"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198107000-00008","volume":"6","author":"T Hansson","year":"1981","unstructured":"Hansson T, Roos B (1981b) Microcalluses of the trabeculae in lumbar vertebrae and their relation to the bone mineral content. Spine 6:375\u2013380","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198703000-00036","volume":"216","author":"NL Fazzalari","year":"1987","unstructured":"Fazzalari NL, Vernon-Roberts B, Darracott J (1987) Osteoarthritis of the hip: possible protective and causative roles of trabecular microfractures in the head of femur. Clin Orthop 216:224\u2013233","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-595X(73)80043-X","volume":"2","author":"HL Frost","year":"1973","unstructured":"Frost HL (1973) The spinal osteoporoses. Mechanisms of pathogenesis and pathophysiology. Clin Endocrinol Metab 2:257\u2013275","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(72)90179-1","volume":"4","author":"EL Radin","year":"1972","unstructured":"Radin EL, Paul IL, Rose RM (1972) Role of mechanical factors in pathogenesis of primary osteoarthritis. Lancet 4:519\u2013521","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(73)90037-7","volume":"6","author":"EL Radin","year":"1973","unstructured":"Radin EL, Parker HG, Pugh JW, Steinberg RS, Paul IL, Rose RM (1973) Response of joints to impact loading-III. Relationships between trabecular microfractures and cartilage degeneration. J Biomech 6:51\u201357","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR16","series-title":"Progress in methods of bone mineral measurement","first-page":"352","volume-title":"External and trabecular morphologic changes in lumbar vertebrae in aging","author":"JS Arnold","year":"1968","unstructured":"Arnold JS (1968) External and trabecular morphologic changes in lumbar vertebrae in aging. In: Progress in methods of bone mineral measurement. US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, pp 352\u2013410"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(83)90072-6","volume":"16","author":"R Huiskes","year":"1983","unstructured":"Huiskes R, Chao EYS (1983) A survey of finite element analysis in orthopaedic biomechanics: the first decade. J Biomech 16:385\u2013409","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198567020-00015","volume":"67","author":"SYP Wong","year":"1985","unstructured":"Wong SYP, Kariks J, Evans RA, Dunstan CR, Hills E (1985) The effect of age on bone composition and viability in the femoral head. J Bone Joint Surg [A] 67:274\u2013283","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg [A]"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR19","first-page":"27","volume":"81","author":"JW Pugh","year":"1973","unstructured":"Pugh JW, Rose RM, Radin EL (1973) A possible mechanism of Wolffs law: trabecular microfractures. Arch Int Physiol Biochim 81:27\u201340","journal-title":"Arch Int Physiol Biochim"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(72)90042-5","volume":"5","author":"SR Simon","year":"1972","unstructured":"Simon SR, Radin EL, Paul IL, Rose RM (1972) The response of joints to impact loading-11. In vivo behavior of subchondral bone. J Biomech 5:267\u2013272","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.41.2.118","volume":"41","author":"L Solomon","year":"1982","unstructured":"Solomon L, Schnitzler CM, Browett JP (1982) Osteoarthritis of the hip: the patient behind the disease. Ann Rheum Dis 41:118\u2013125","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR22","first-page":"275","volume":"127","author":"EPM Urovitz","year":"1977","unstructured":"Urovitz EPM, Fornasier VL, Risen MI, MacNab I (1977) Etiological factors in the pathogenesis of femoral trabecular fatigue fractures. Clin Orthop 127:275\u2013280","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.3109\/17453679008993522","volume":"61","author":"B Koszyca","year":"1990","unstructured":"Koszyca B, Fazzalari NL, Vernon-Roberts B (1990) Microfractures in coxarthrosis. Acta Orthop Scand 61:307\u2013310","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR24","first-page":"74","volume-title":"The pathology of articular and spinal diseases","author":"DH Collins","year":"1949","unstructured":"Collins DH (1949) The pathology of articular and spinal diseases. Edward Arnold and Co, London, pp 74\u2013115"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.29.1.15","volume":"29","author":"PD Byers","year":"1970","unstructured":"Byers PD, Contepomi CA, Farkas TA (1970) A postmortem study of the hip joint. Ann Rheum Dis 29:15\u201331","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR26","first-page":"155","volume":"3","author":"NL Fazzalari","year":"1990","unstructured":"Fazzalari NL, Vernon-Roberts B, Manthey B, Parkinson IH (1990) Relationship between changes in articular cartilage and bone in the femoral head in osteoarthritis of the hip. J Orthop Rheum 3:155\u2013169","journal-title":"J Orthop Rheum"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-197509000-00034","volume":"111","author":"HU Cameron","year":"1975","unstructured":"Cameron HU, Fornasier VL (1975) Trabecular stress fractures. Clin Orthop 111:266\u2013268","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR28","first-page":"142","volume":"60","author":"J Dinley","year":"1978","unstructured":"Dinley J (1978) Patterns of trabecular microfractures in osteoarthritic femoral heads and their relationship to anti-inflammatory drug therapy. J Bone Joint Surg [B] 60:142","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg [B]"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-0172(84)90002-7","volume":"14","author":"JH Bland","year":"1984","unstructured":"Bland JH, Cooper SM (1984) Osteoarthrosis: a review of the cell biology involved and evidence for reversibility. Management rationally related to known genesis and pathophysiology. Semin Arthritis Rheum 14:106\u2013133","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197557050-00023","volume":"57","author":"M Watson","year":"1975","unstructured":"Watson M (1975) Microfractures in the head of femur. J Bone Joint Surg [A] 57:696\u2013698","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg [A]"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR31","first-page":"167","volume":"55","author":"I Minamisawa","year":"1981","unstructured":"Minamisawa I (1981) A biomechanical study on the senile intracapsular fracture of the femoral neck-speculation concerning the fracture lines and etiological factors. J Jpn Orthop Assoc 55:167\u2013181","journal-title":"J Jpn Orthop Assoc"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR32","first-page":"15","volume":"136","author":"L Twomey","year":"1983","unstructured":"Twomey L, Taylor J, Furniss B (1983) Age changes in the bone density and structure of the lumbar vertebral column. J Anat 136:15\u201325","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR33","first-page":"30","volume-title":"The human spine in health and disease","author":"G Schmorl","year":"1971","unstructured":"Schmorl G, Junghanns H (1971) The human spine in health and disease, 2nd ed. Grune and Stratton, New York, London, pp 30\u201339","edition":"2nd ed."},{"key":"BF01673424_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198001000-00009","volume":"5","author":"T Hansson","year":"1980","unstructured":"Hansson T, Roos B, Nachemson ALF (1980) The bone mineral content and ultimate compressive strength of lumbar vertebrae. Spine 5:46\u201355","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/0221-8747(83)90012-7","volume":"5","author":"NL Fazzalari","year":"1983","unstructured":"Fazzalari NL, Darracott J, Vernon-Roberts B (1983) A quantitative description of the cancellous bone in the head of the femur using automatic image analysis. Metab Bone Dis Rel Res 5:119\u2013125","journal-title":"Metab Bone Dis Rel Res"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198609000-00012","volume":"11","author":"P Kurowski","year":"1986","unstructured":"Kurowski P, Kubo A (1986) The relationship of degeneration of the intervertebral disc to mechanical loading conditions on lumbar vertebrae. Spine 11:726\u2013731","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198103000-00007","volume":"6","author":"T Hansson","year":"1981","unstructured":"Hansson T, Roos B (1981a) The relation between bone mineral content, experimental compression fractures and disc degeneration in lumbar vertebrae. Spine 6:147\u2013153","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02058659","volume":"3","author":"SD Rockoff","year":"1969","unstructured":"Rockoff SD, Sweet E, Bleustein J (1969) The relative contribution of trabecular and cortical bone to the strength of human lumbar vertebrae. Calcif Tissue Res 3:163\u2013175","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Res"},{"key":"BF01673424_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02008071","volume":"1","author":"PJ Atkinson","year":"1967","unstructured":"Atkinson PJ (1967) Variation in trabecular structure of the vertebral body with age. Calcif Tissue Res 1:24\u201332","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Res"}],"container-title":["Calcified Tissue International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF01673424.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF01673424\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF01673424","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]],"date-time":"2023-05-03T06:09:54Z","timestamp":1683094194000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF01673424"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,2]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,2]]}},"alternative-id":["BF01673424"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf01673424","relation":{},"ISSN":["0171-967X","1432-0827"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0171-967X","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0827","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,2]]}}}