{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T15:16:32Z","timestamp":1789398992061,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1994,12,1]],"date-time":"1994-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":786240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the years 1980\u20131989, 78 patients with an acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture sustained during downhill or cross\u2010country skiing were treated at the University Hospital of Tampere, Finland. In every case, the ACL rupture was verified at arthroscopy or open surgery. The injury mechanism could be clarified for 51 patients using a collection of pictures of the most typical injury mechanisms in skiing. Thirty\u2010nine of them (76%) were women and 12\u00a0men (24%). In 32 cases (63%) the injury occurred during downhill skiing and in 19 cases (37%) during cross\u2010country skiing. In 24 cases (47%) the injury mechanism was valgus\u2010external rotation, in 21 cases (41%) flexion\u2010internal rotation, in two cases hyperextension\u2010internal rotation, while in four cases the exact mechanism remained unclear. The great majority of the patients with an injury mechanism of flexion\u2010internal rotation were women (90%), and they were significantly older than the patients with an injury mechanism of valgus\u2010external rotation (mean ages 44 and 34 years, respectively: <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.05). According to the patients' subjective evaluation, the main reasons for the injury were poor ski area conditions (such als slippery slopes and trails) and deficient equipment, especially poorly functioning bindings. Many of them had had little skiing experience before the accident.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/bf01845592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,5]],"date-time":"2005-07-05T02:32:23Z","timestamp":1120530743000},"page":"224-228","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Mechanisms of anterior cruciate ligament ruptures in skiing"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"J\u00e4rvinen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Section of Orthopaedics Department of Surgery University Hospital Finland"},{"name":"<!--<label>3<\/label>--> Department of Clinical Medicine University of Tampere Finland"},{"name":"<!--<label>2<\/label>--> The Tampere Sports Medicine Research Center The UKK Institute Tampere Finland"},{"name":"<!--<label>4<\/label>--> Accident &amp; Trauma Research Center The UKK Institute Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Natri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Section of Orthopaedics Department of Surgery University Hospital Finland"},{"name":"<!--<label>3<\/label>--> Department of Clinical Medicine University of Tampere Finland"},{"name":"<!--<label>2<\/label>--> The Tampere Sports Medicine Research Center The UKK Institute Tampere Finland"},{"name":"<!--<label>4<\/label>--> Accident &amp; Trauma Research Center The UKK Institute Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Laurila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Section of Orthopaedics Department of Surgery University Hospital Finland"},{"name":"<!--<label>3<\/label>--> Department of Clinical Medicine University of Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Kannus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>2<\/label>--> The Tampere Sports Medicine Research Center The UKK Institute Tampere Finland"},{"name":"<!--<label>4<\/label>--> Accident &amp; Trauma Research Center The UKK Institute Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1994,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.1991.tb00301.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1520\/STP46648S"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","volume-title":"BMDP Statistical software manuals, Vol 1","author":"Dixon WJ","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.1991.tb00295.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659302100207"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198703000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5919(20)31487-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00449948"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","first-page":"349","volume-title":"The crucial ligaments","author":"Johnson RJ","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","first-page":"187","article-title":"Trends in Alpine skiing injuries (abstract)","volume":"3","author":"Johnson RJ","year":"1993","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5919(20)31479-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","first-page":"110","article-title":"Epidemiology and prevention of skiing injuries","volume":"80","author":"Johnson RJ","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann Chir Gynaecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658000800209"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1520\/STP19450S"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1520\/STP25555S"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1025733"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","first-page":"13","article-title":"Downhill skiing injuries: trends to watch for this season","volume":"8","author":"Kannus P","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Musculoskel Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"NatriA J\u00e4rvinenM KannusP Niittym\u00e4kiS AarnioJ LindholmTS(1994) Changing injury pattern of acute anterior cruciate ligament tears in Tampere University Hospital in 1980s.Scand J Med Sci Sports(in press)","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00020.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1520\/STP17638S"}],"container-title":["Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF01845592.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF01845592\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/esskajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF01845592","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T14:07:15Z","timestamp":1760882835000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/esskajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1007\/BF01845592"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,12]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1007\/BF01845592"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf01845592","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0942-2056","1433-7347"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0942-2056","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-7347","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,12]]}}}