{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T13:54:12Z","timestamp":1758981252848},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3-4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1994,9,1]],"date-time":"1994-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":778377600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf01878491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,4]],"date-time":"2005-07-04T18:43:59Z","timestamp":1120502639000},"page":"261-269","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Cytokines as potential vaccine adjuvants"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Anju","family":"Nohria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert H.","family":"Rubin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BF01878491_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5520(20)30327-5","volume":"4","author":"PL Hibberd","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hibberd PL, Rubin RH. Approach to immunization in the immunosuppressed host. Infectious Disease Clinics of North America 1990; 4: 123\u2013142.","journal-title":"Infectious Disease Clinics of North America"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-106-3-421","volume":"106","author":"AS Fauci","year":"1987","unstructured":"Fauci AS, Rosenberg SA, Sherwin SA,et al. Immunomodulators in clinical medicine. Ann Intern Med 1987; 106: 421\u2013433.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR3","first-page":"83","volume":"8","author":"HS Warren","year":"1988","unstructured":"Warren HS, Chedid LA. Future prospects for vaccine adjuvants. CRC Crit Rev Immunol 1988; 8: 83\u2013101.","journal-title":"CRC Crit Rev Immunol"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7904381","volume":"263","author":"LCC Afonso","year":"1994","unstructured":"Afonso LCC, Scharton JM, Vierira LQ, et al. The adjuvant effect of interleukin-12 in a vaccine against Leishmania major. Science 1994; 263: 235\u2013237.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR5","first-page":"520","volume":"67","author":"AW Heath","year":"1989","unstructured":"Heath AW, Devey ME, Brown IN, et al. Interferon-gamma as an adjuvant in immunocompromised mice. Immunology 1989; 67: 520\u2013524.","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.121.1.53","volume":"121","author":"DD Wood","year":"1978","unstructured":"Wood DD, Cameron PM. Relationship between bacterial endotoxin and human B -cell activating factor. J Immunol 1978; 121: 53\u201360.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8749(80)90007-6","volume":"50","author":"JJ Oppenheim","year":"1980","unstructured":"Oppenheim JJ, Togawa A, Chedid L, et al. Components of mycobacteria and muramyl dipeptide with adjuvant activity induce lymphocyte factor. Cell Immunol 1980; 50: 71\u201381.","journal-title":"Cell Immunol"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-197210000-00004","volume":"14","author":"E Skopinska","year":"1972","unstructured":"Skopinska E. Some effects of E. coli endotoxin on the graftversus-host-reaction in ice. Transplant 1972; 14: 432\u2013437.","journal-title":"Transplant"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8749(77)90288-X","volume":"29","author":"I Lowy","year":"1977","unstructured":"Lowy I, Bona C, Chedid L. Target cells for the activity of the synthetic adjuvant: Muramyl dipeptide. Cell Immunol 1977; 29: 195\u2013199.","journal-title":"Cell Immunol"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.130.5.2191","volume":"130","author":"MJ Staruch","year":"1983","unstructured":"Staruch MJ, Wood DD. The adjuventicity of interleukin 1 in vivo. J Immunol 1983; 130: 2191\u20132194.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.139.3.800","volume":"139","author":"L Nencioni","year":"1987","unstructured":"Nencioni L, Villa L, Tagliabue A, et al. In vivo immunostimulatory activity of the 163\u2013171 peptide of human IL-lb. J Immunol 1987; 139: 800\u2013804.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5519","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.14.5519","volume":"87","author":"KVS Rao","year":"1990","unstructured":"Rao KVS, Nayak AR. Enhanced immunogenicity of a sequence derived from hepatitis B virus surface antigen in a composite peptide that includes the immunostimulatory region from interleukin 1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990; 87: 5519\u20135522.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR13","first-page":"1212","volume":"50","author":"CS McCune","year":"1990","unstructured":"McCune CS, Marquis MM. Interleukin 1 as an adjuvant for active specific immunotherapy in a murine tumor model Cancer Res 1990; 50: 1212\u20131215.","journal-title":"Interleukin 1 as an adjuvant for active specific immunotherapy in a murine tumor model Cancer Res"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910550126","volume":"55","author":"M Piera","year":"1993","unstructured":"Piera M, De Bolos C, Castro R, et al. Cytokines as adjuvants: Effect on the immunogenicity of NeuAca2-6GalNAcaO-Ser\/Thr(SIALYL-Tn). Int J Cancer 1993; 55: 148\u2013152.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR15","volume-title":"Clinical Approach for Infection in the Compromised Host","author":"JWM Meer van der","year":"1994","unstructured":"van der Meer JWM. Defect in host defense mechanisms. In: Rubin RH, Young LS (ed.): Clinical Approach for Infection in the Compromised Host, New York, Plenum Medical Book Co, Third Edition, 1994.","edition":"Third Edition"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1016\/0264-410X(93)90240-X","volume":"11","author":"A Tagliabue","year":"1993","unstructured":"Tagliabue A, Boraschi D. Cytokines as vaccine adjuvants: Interleukin 1 and its synthetic peptide 163\u2013171. Vaccine 1993; 11: 594\u2013595.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.2.2.3277884","volume":"2","author":"CA Dinarello","year":"1988","unstructured":"Dinarello CA. Interleukin-1. FASEB J 1988; 2: 108\u2013115.","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR18","first-page":"83","volume-title":"The Cytokine Handbook","author":"WA Kuziel","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kuziel WA, Green WC. Interleukin-2. In: Thomson A (ed.): The Cytokine Handbook, Academic Press, London, 1991, 83\u2013102."},{"key":"BF01878491_CR19","unstructured":"Anderson G, Urbano O, Fedorka-Cray P, et al. Interleukin 2 and protective immunity in Hemophilus pleuropneumoniae. Preliminary studies. In: Vaccines, Cold Spring Harbor Press, 1987, 22\u201325."},{"key":"BF01878491_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.140.1.294","volume":"140","author":"A Weinberg","year":"1988","unstructured":"Weinberg A, Merigan TC. Recombinant interleukin 2 as an adjuvant for vaccine-induced protection: Immunization of guinea pigs with herpes simplex virus subunit vaccines. J Immunol 1988; 140: 294\u2013299.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4240","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.11.4240","volume":"86","author":"JH Nurnberg","year":"1989","unstructured":"Nurnberg JH, Doyle MV, York SM, et al. Interleukin 2 acts as an adjuvant to increase the potency of inactivated rabies virus vaccine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1989; 86: 4240\u20134243.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.140.6.1889","volume":"140","author":"M Kimoto","year":"1988","unstructured":"Kimoto M, Kindler V, Higaki M, et al. Recombinant murine IL-3 fails to stimulate T or B lymphopoiesis in vivo, but enhances immune immune responses to T cell-dependent antigens. J Immunol 1988; 140: 1889\u20131894.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3072","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.141.9.3072","volume":"141","author":"F Takatsuki","year":"1988","unstructured":"Takatsuki F, Okano A, Suzuki C, et al. Human recombinant IL6\/B cell stimulatory factor 2 augments murine antigenspecific antibody responses in vitro and in vivo. J Immunol 1988; 141: 3072\u20133077.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8097338","volume":"260","author":"CS Hsieh","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hsieh CS, Macatonia SE, Tripp CS et al. Development of TH1 CD4+ cells through IL-12 produced by Listeria-induced macrophages. Science 1993; 260: 547\u2013549.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.176.5.1387","volume":"176","author":"A D'Andrea","year":"1992","unstructured":"D'Andrea A, Rengaraju M, Valiante NM, et al. Production of natural killer cell stimulatory factor (interleukin 12) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J Exp Med 1992; 176: 1387\u201398.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3676","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.139.11.3676","volume":"139","author":"P Ghiara","year":"1987","unstructured":"Ghiara P, Boraschi D, Nencioni L, et al. Enhancement of in vivo immune response by tumor necrosis factor. J Immunol 1987; 139: 3676\u20133679.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR27","first-page":"5","volume":"6","author":"JHL Playfair","year":"1987","unstructured":"Playfair JHL, DeSouza JB. Recombinant gamma interferon is a potent adjuvant for a malaria vaccine in mice. Clin Exp Immunol 1987; 6: 5\u201310.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR28","first-page":"3500","volume":"140","author":"KP Anderson","year":"1988","unstructured":"Anderson KP, Fennie EH, Yilma T. Enhancement of a secondary antibody response to a vescicular stomatitis virus \u201cG\u201d protein by IFN-g treatment at primary immunization. J Immunol 1988; 140: 3500\u20133604.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR29","first-page":"454","volume":"71","author":"AW Heath","year":"1990","unstructured":"Heath AW, Playfair JHL. Conjugation of interferon-gamma to antigen enhances its adjuvanticity. Immunology 1990; 71: 454\u2013456.","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3539","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.8.3539","volume":"90","author":"G Dranoff","year":"1993","unstructured":"Dranoff G, Jaffee E, Lazenby A, et al. Vaccination with irradiated tumor cells engineered to secrete murine granulocytemacrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulates potent, specific, and long-lasting anti-tumor immunity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1993; 90: 3539\u20133543.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-110-5-357","volume":"110","author":"GJ Leieschke","year":"1989","unstructured":"Leieschke GJ, Maher D, Cebon J, et al. Effects of bacterially synthesized recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in patients with advanced malignancy. Ann Intern Med 1989; 110: 357\u2013364.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/0145-2126(93)90063-Q","volume":"17","author":"HH Gerhartz","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gerhartz HH, Stern AC, Wolf-Hornung B, et al. Intervention treatment of established neutropenia with human recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) in patients undergoing cancer chemotheraphy. Leuk Res 1993; 17: 175\u2013185.","journal-title":"Leuk Res"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)91674-7","volume":"1","author":"SC Meuer","year":"1989","unstructured":"Meuer SC, Dumann H, Meyer Zum Buschenfelde KH, et al. Low-dose interleukin-2 induces systemic immune responses against HBsAg in immunodeficient non-responders to hepatitis B vaccination. Lancet 1989; 1: 15\u201318.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840120407","volume":"12","author":"JA Quiroga","year":"1990","unstructured":"Quiroga JA, Castillo I, Poires JC, et al. Rocombinant ginterferon as adjuvant to hepatitis B vaccine in hemodialysis patients. Hepatology 1990; 12: 661\u2013663.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.162.1.381","volume":"162","author":"H Kawamura","year":"1985","unstructured":"Kawamura H, Berzofsky JA, Rosenberg SA. Immunization with antigen and interleukin-2 in vivo overcomes IR gene low responsiveness. J Exp Med 1985; 162: 381\u2013386.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.141.3.972","volume":"141","author":"MF Good","year":"1988","unstructured":"Good MF, Pombo D, Lunde MN, et al. Recombinant human IL-2 overcomes genetic nonresponsiveness to malaria sporozoite peptides \u2014 correlation of effect with biological activity of IL-2. J Immunol 1988; 141: 972\u2013977.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/0264-410X(93)90308-K","volume":"11","author":"M Hazama","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hazama M, Mayumi-Aono A, Asakawa N, et al. Adjuvantindependent enhanced immune responses to recombinant herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein D by fusion with biologically active interleukin-2. Vaccine 1993; 11: 629\u2013636.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1038\/362755a0","volume":"362","author":"M Tao","year":"1993","unstructured":"Tao M, Levy R. Idiotype\/granulocyte-macrophage colonystimulating factor fusion protein as a vaccine for B-cell lymphoma. Nature 1993; 362: 755\u2013758.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/0264-410X(90)90093-2","volume":"8","author":"IN Mbawuike","year":"1990","unstructured":"Mbawuike IN, Wyde PR, Anderson PM. Enhancement of the protective efficacy of inactivated influenza A virus vaccine in aged mice by IL-2 liposomes. Vaccine 1990; 8: 347\u2013352.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1016\/0264-410X(93)90265-Y","volume":"11","author":"AJ Duits","year":"1993","unstructured":"Duits AJ, van Puijenbroek A, Vermeulen H, et al. Immunoadjuvant activity of aliposomal IL-6 formulation. Vaccine 1993; 11: 777\u2013781.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR41","first-page":"755","volume":"8","author":"M Sing-Hora","year":"1990","unstructured":"Sing-Hora M, Rana RK, Nunberg JH, et al. Controlled release of interleukin-2 from biodergradable microspheres. Biotechnology 1990; 8: 755\u2013758.","journal-title":"Biotechnology"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR42","first-page":"351","volume":"91","author":"AW Heath","year":"1991","unstructured":"Heath AW, Playfair JHL. Early administration of interferongamma as an adjuvant: an effect on a T-helper subpopulation ? Vaccine 1991; 91: 351\u2013354.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"BF01878491_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/0264-410X(92)90389-2","volume":"10","author":"AW Heath","year":"1992","unstructured":"Heath AW, Playfair JHL. Cytokines as immunological adjuvants. Vaccine 1992; 10: 427\u2013434.","journal-title":"Vaccine"}],"container-title":["Biotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF01878491.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF01878491\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF01878491","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,27]],"date-time":"2024-01-27T17:03:22Z","timestamp":1706375002000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF01878491"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,9]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3-4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,9]]}},"alternative-id":["BF01878491"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf01878491","relation":{},"ISSN":["0921-299X","1573-8280"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0921-299X","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-8280","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,9]]}}}