{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T22:14:15Z","timestamp":1761862455222},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1989,4,1]],"date-time":"1989-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":607392000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf01963469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,1]],"date-time":"2005-08-01T21:44:48Z","timestamp":1122932688000},"page":"352-361","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["In vitro and in vivo evaluation of antifungal agents"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Espinel-Ingroff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Shadomy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BF01963469_CR1","first-page":"7","volume-title":"Recent trends in the discovery, development and evaluation of antifungal agents","author":"R. A. Fromtling","year":"1987","unstructured":"Fromtling, R. A. In vitro methods in the evaluation of antifungal agents. In: Fromtling, R. A. (ed.) Recent trends in the discovery, development and evaluation of antifungal agents. J. R. Prous, Barcelona, 1987, p. 7\u201314."},{"key":"BF01963469_CR2","first-page":"S1: 1","volume-title":"Recent trends in the discovery, development and evaluation of antifungal agents","author":"S. Shadomy","year":"1987","unstructured":"Shadomy, S. Preclinical evaluation of antifungal agents: design of in vitro screens. In: Fromtling, R. A. (ed.) Recent trends in the discovery, development and evaluation of antifungal agents. J. R. Prous, Barcelona, 1987, p. S1: 1-S1: 10."},{"key":"BF01963469_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.24.4.507-511.1986","volume":"24","author":"G. V. Doern","year":"1986","unstructured":"Doern, G. V., Tubert, T. A., Chapin, K., Rinaldi, M. G. Effect of medium composition on results of macrobroth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 1986, 24: 507\u2013511.","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.31.9.1343","volume":"31","author":"J. N. Galgiani","year":"1987","unstructured":"Galgiani, J. N., Reiser, J., Brass, C., Espinel-Ingroff, A., Gordon, M. A., Kerkering, T. M. Comparison of relative susceptibilities ofCandida species to three antifungal agents as determined by unstandardized methods. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1987, 31: 1343\u20131347.","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1080\/02681218680000461","volume":"24","author":"F. C. Odds","year":"1986","unstructured":"Odds, F. C., Abbott, A. B., Pye, G., Troke, P. F. Improved method for estimation of azole antifungal inhibitory concentrations againstCandida species, based on azole\/antibiotic interactions. Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology 1986, 24: 305\u2013311.","journal-title":"Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.1986.tb03753.x","volume":"29","author":"P. Marichal","year":"1986","unstructured":"Marichal, P., Gorrens, J., Van Cutsem, J., Vanden Bossche, H. Culture media for the study of the effects of azole derivatives on germ tube formation and hyphal growth ofCandida albicans. Mykosen 1986, 29: 76\u201381.","journal-title":"Mykosen"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/126.4.353","volume":"126","author":"P. D. Hoeprich","year":"1972","unstructured":"Hoeprich, P. D., Finn, P. D. Obfuscation of the activity of antifungal antimicrobics by culture media. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1972, 126: 353\u2013361.","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.28.6.815","volume":"28","author":"P. F. Troke","year":"1985","unstructured":"Troke, P. F., Andrews, R. J., Brammer, K. W., Marriot, M. S., Richardson, K. Efficacy of UK-49,858 (fluconazole) againstCandida albicans experimental infections in mice. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1985, 28: 815\u2013818.","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR9","first-page":"81","volume-title":"Recent trends in the discovery, development and evaluation of antifungal agents","author":"M. S. Marriot","year":"1987","unstructured":"Marriot, M. S., Richardson, K. The discovery and mode of action of fluconazole. In: Fromtling, R. A. (ed.): Recent trends in the discovery, development and evaluation of antifungal agents. J. R. Prous, Barcelona, 1987, p. 81\u201392."},{"key":"BF01963469_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.24.4.600-606.1986","volume":"24","author":"M. Radetsky","year":"1986","unstructured":"Radetsky, M., Wheeler, R. C., Roe, M. H., Todd, J. K. Microtiter broth dilution method for yeast susceptibility testing with validation by clinical outcome. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 1986, 24: 600\u2013606.","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.26.8.1437-1441.1988","volume":"26","author":"M. A. Pfaller","year":"1988","unstructured":"Pfaller, M. A., Burmeister, L., Bartlett, M. S., Rinaldi, M. G. Multicenter evaluation of four methods of yeast inoculum preparation. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 1988, 26: 1437\u20131441.","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR12","first-page":"45","volume-title":"Recent trends in the discovery, development and evaluation of antifungal agents","author":"A. Polak","year":"1987","unstructured":"Polak, A., Dixon, D. M. In vitro\/in vivo correlation of antifungal susceptibility testing using 5-fluorocytosine and ketoconazole as examples of two extremes. In: Fromtling, R. A. (ed.): Recent trends in the discovery, development and evaluation of antifungal agents. J. R. Prous, Barcelona, 1987, p. 45\u201359."},{"key":"BF01963469_CR13","first-page":"195","volume":"29","author":"S. Shadomy","year":"1986","unstructured":"Shadomy, S., Espinel-Ingroff, A., Tartaglione, T. A., Dismukes, W. E., and theNIAID Mycoses Study Group Treatment of systemic mycoses with ketoconazole: studies of ketoconazole serum levels. Mykosen 1986, 29: 195\u2013209.","journal-title":"Mykosen"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR14","first-page":"S1: 11","volume-title":"Recent trends in the discovery, development and evaluation of antifungal agents","author":"M. G. Rinaldi","year":"1987","unstructured":"Rinaldi, M. G. In vivo models of the mycoses for the evaluation of antifungal agents. In: Fromtling, R. A. (ed.): Recent trends in the discovery, development and evaluation of antifungal agents. J. R. Prous, Barcelona, 1987, p. S1: 11-S1: 24."},{"key":"BF01963469_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-0960.1979.tb00119.x","volume":"20","author":"J. C. Auld","year":"1979","unstructured":"Auld, J. C., Beardmore, G. L. Sporotrichosis in Queensland: a review of 137 cases at the Royal Brisbane Hospital. Australian Journal of Dermatology 1979, 20: 14\u201322.","journal-title":"Australian Journal of Dermatology"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.85.2.436-439.1963","volume":"85","author":"W. H. Trejo","year":"1963","unstructured":"Trejo, W. H., Bennett, R. E. Streptomyces nodosus sp. nov. The amphotericin producing organism. Journal of Bacteriology 1963, 85: 436\u2013439.","journal-title":"Journal of Bacteriology"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.mi.31.100177.001451","volume":"31","author":"G. S. Kobayashi","year":"1977","unstructured":"Kobayashi, G. S., Medoff, G. Antifungal agents: recent developments. Annual Review of Microbiology 1977, 31: 291\u2013308.","journal-title":"Annual Review of Microbiology"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR18","first-page":"327","volume-title":"CRC handbook of microbiology","author":"S. Shadomy","year":"1984","unstructured":"Shadomy, S., Espinel-Ingroff, A. Methods for bioassay of antifungal agents in biologic fluids. In: Laskin, A. I., Lechevalier, H. A. (ed.): CRC handbook of microbiology. CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1984, p. 327\u2013337."},{"key":"BF01963469_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/129.1.53","volume":"129","author":"R. A. Woods","year":"1979","unstructured":"Woods, R. A., Bard, M., Jackson, I. E., Drutz, D. J. Resistance to polyene antibiotics and correlated sterol changes in two isolates ofCandida tropicalis from a patient with an amphotericin B-resistant funguria. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1979, 129: 53\u201359.","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/9.5.1006","volume":"9","author":"T. L. Hadfield","year":"1987","unstructured":"Hadfield, T. L., Smith, M. B., Winn, R. E., Rinaldi, M. G., Guerra, C. Mycoses caused byCandida lusitaniae. Reviews of Infectious Diseases 1987, 9: 1006\u20131012.","journal-title":"Reviews of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.9.6.915","volume":"9","author":"M. Kitahara","year":"1976","unstructured":"Kitahara, M., Seth, V. K., Medoff, G., Kobayashi, G. S. Activity of amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine, and rifampin against six clinical isolates ofAspergillus. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1976, 9: 915\u2013919.","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/133.2.206","volume":"133","author":"W. H. Beggs","year":"1976","unstructured":"Beggs, W. H., Sarosi, G. A., Walker, M. I. Synergistic activity of amphotericin B and rifampin againstCandida species. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1976, 133: 206\u2013209.","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.19.1.196","volume":"19","author":"N. K. Fijita","year":"1981","unstructured":"Fijita, N. K., Edwards, Jr. J. E. Combined in vitro effect of amphotericin B and rifampin onCryptococcus neoformans. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1981, 19: 196\u2013198.","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.9.3.406","volume":"9","author":"M. Huppert","year":"1976","unstructured":"Huppert, M., Pappagianis, D., Sun, S. H., Gleason-Jordan, I., Collins, M. S., Vukovich, K. R. Effect of amphotericin B and rifampin againstCoccidioides immitis in vitro and in vivo. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1976, 9: 406\u2013413.","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/133.6.663","volume":"133","author":"M. Kitahara","year":"1976","unstructured":"Kitahara, M., Kobayashi, G. S., Medoff, G. Enhanced efficacy of amphotericin B and rifampin combined in treatment of murine histoplasmosis and blastomycosis. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1976, 133: 663\u2013668.","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.31.11.1775","volume":"31","author":"J. C. Christenson","year":"1987","unstructured":"Christenson, J. C., Shalit, I., Welch, D. F., Guruswamy, A., Marks, M. I. Synergistic action of amphotericin B and rifampin againstRhizopus species. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1987, 31: 1775\u20131778.","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.31.11.1756","volume":"31","author":"R. M. Parmegiani","year":"1987","unstructured":"Parmegiani, R. M., Loebenberg, D., Antonacci, B., Yarosh-Tomaine, T., Scupp, R., Wright, J. J., Chiu, P. J., Miller, G. H. Comparative in vitro and in vivo evaluation of N-D-ornithyl amphotericin B methyl ester, amphotericin B methyl ester, and amphotericin B. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1987, 31: 1756\u20131760.","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/019262338801600101","volume":"16","author":"W. G. Ellis","year":"1988","unstructured":"Ellis, W. G., Bencken, E., LeCouteur, R. A., Barbano, J. R., Wolfe, B. M., Jennings, M. B. Neurotoxicity of amphotericin B methyl ester in dogs. Toxicology Pathology 1988, 16: 1\u20139.","journal-title":"Toxicology Pathology"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/147.5.939","volume":"147","author":"G. Lopez-Berestein","year":"1983","unstructured":"Lopez-Berestein, G., Mehta, R., Hopfer, R. L., Mills, K., Kasi, L., Mehta, K., Fainstein, V., Luna, M., Hersh, E. M., Juliano, R. L. Treatment and prophylaxis of disseminatedCandida albicans infections in mice with liposome encapsulated amphotericin B. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1983, 147: 939\u2013945.","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/151.4.704","volume":"151","author":"G. Lopez-Berestein","year":"1985","unstructured":"Lopez-Berestein, G., Fainstein, V., Hopfer, R., Mehta, K., Sullivan, M. P., Keating, M., Rosenblum, M. G., Mehta, R., Luna, M., Hersh, E. M., Reuben, J., Juliano, R. L., Bodey, G. P. Liposomal amphotericin B for the treatment of systemic fungal infections in patients with cancer: a preliminary study. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1985, 151: 704\u2013710.","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1987.tb45794.x","volume":"507","author":"R. L. Juliano","year":"1987","unstructured":"Juliano, R. L., Daoud, S., Krause, H. J., Grant, C. W. M. Membrane-to-membrane transfer of lipophilic drugs used against cancer or infectious disease. Annals New York Academy of Sciences 1987, 507: 89\u2013103.","journal-title":"Annals New York Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1080\/00362178485380251","volume":"22","author":"J. Ahrens","year":"1984","unstructured":"Ahrens, J., Graybill, J. R., Craven, P. C., Taylor, R. L. Treatment of experimental murine candidiasis with liposome-associated amphotericin B. Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology 1984, 22: 163\u2013166.","journal-title":"Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00455667","volume":"101","author":"D. R. Hospenthal","year":"1988","unstructured":"Hospenthal, D. R., Rogers, A. L., Mills, G. L. Development of amphotericin B liposomes bearing antibody specific toCandida albicans. Mycopathologia 1988, 101: 37\u201345.","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1978","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.31.12.1978","volume":"31","author":"R. L. Hopfer","year":"1987","unstructured":"Hopfer, R. L., Mehta, R., Lopez-Berestein, G. Synergistic antifungal activity and reduced toxicity of liposomal amphotericin B combined with gramicidin S or NF. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1987, 31: 1978\u20131981.","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR35","first-page":"423","volume":"112","author":"E. Hazen","year":"1950","unstructured":"Hazen, E., Brown, R. Two antifungal agents produced by a soil actinomycete. Science 1950, 112: 423.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Desai, M. H., Herndon, D. N.: Eradication ofCandida burn wound septicemia in massively burned patients. Journal of Trauma 1988, 140\u2013145.","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198802000-00002"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.31.12.1897","volume":"31","author":"R. T. Mehta","year":"1987","unstructured":"Mehta, R. T., Hopfer, R. L., Gunner, L. A., Juliano, R. L., Lopez-Berestein, G. Formulation, toxicity, and antifungal activity in vitro of liposome-encapsulated nystatin as therapeutic agent for systemic candidiasis. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1987, 31: 1897\u20131900.","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.31.12.1901","volume":"31","author":"R. T. Mehta","year":"1987","unstructured":"Mehta, R. T., Hopfer, R. L., McQueen, T., Juliano, R. L., Lopez-Berestein, G. Toxicity and therapeutic effects in mice of liposome-encapsulated nystatin for systemic fungal infections. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1987, 31: 1901\u20131903.","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(73)90883-0","volume":"75","author":"A. C. Ellison","year":"1973","unstructured":"Ellison, A. C., Newmark, E. Effects of subconjunctival pimaricin in experimental keratomycoses. American Journal of Opthalmology 1973, 75: 790\u2013792.","journal-title":"American Journal of Opthalmology"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-1536(46)80042-1","volume":"29","author":"P. W. Brian","year":"1946","unstructured":"Brian, P. W., Curtis, P. J., Hemming, H. G. A substance causing abnormal development of fungal hyphae produced byPenicillium janczewskii Zal. I: Biological assay, production and isolation of \u201ccurling factor\u201d. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 1946, 29: 173\u2013187.","journal-title":"Transactions of the British Mycological Society"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.4.3.306","volume":"4","author":"E. Titsworth","year":"1973","unstructured":"Titsworth, E., Grunberg, E. Chemotherapeutic activity of 5-fluorocytosine and amphotericin B againstCandida albicans in mice. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1973, 4: 306\u2013308.","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1159\/000221854","volume":"21","author":"A. Polak","year":"1975","unstructured":"Polak, A., Scholer, H. J. Mode of action of 5-fluorocytosine and mechanisms of resistance. Chemotherapy 1975, 21: 113\u2013130.","journal-title":"Chemotherapy"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.2.4.484-488.1970","volume":"2","author":"S. Shadomy","year":"1970","unstructured":"Shadomy, S. Further in vitro studies with 5-fluorocytosine. Infection and Immunity 1970, 2: 484\u2013488.","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(87)90691-7","volume":"83","author":"A. M. Stamm","year":"1987","unstructured":"Stamm, A. M., Diasio, R. B., Dismukes, W. E., Shadomy, S., Cloud, G. A., Bowles, C. A., Karam, G. H., Espinel-Ingroff, A. Toxicity of amphotericin B plus flucytosine in 194 patients with cryptococcal meningitis. American Journal of Medicine 1987, 83: 236\u2013242.","journal-title":"American Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1159\/000237753","volume":"24","author":"A. Polak","year":"1978","unstructured":"Polak, A. Synergism of polyene antibiotics with 5-fluorocytosine. Chemotherapy 1978, 24: 2\u201316.","journal-title":"Chemotherapy"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1159\/000238138","volume":"28","author":"A. Polak","year":"1982","unstructured":"Polak, A., Scholer, H. J., Wall, M. Combination therapy of experimental candidiasis, cryptococcosis and aspergillosis in mice. Chemotherapy 1982, 28: 461\u2013479.","journal-title":"Chemotherapy"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.8.2.117","volume":"8","author":"S. Shadomy","year":"1975","unstructured":"Shadomy, S., Wagner, G., Espinel-Ingroff, A., Davis, B. A. In vitro studies with combinations of 5-fluorocytosine and amphotericin B. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1975, 8: 117\u2013121.","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2418","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1979.03290480052025","volume":"241","author":"S. D. Codish","year":"1979","unstructured":"Codish, S. D., Tobias, J. S., Hannigan, M. Combined amphotericin B-flucytosine therapy inAspergillus pneumonia. Journal of the American Medical Association 1979, 241: 2418\u20132419.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.55.647.629","volume":"55","author":"W. Wain","year":"1979","unstructured":"Wain, W., Ahmed, M., Thompson, R., Yacoub, M. The role of chemotherapy in the management of fungal endocarditis following homograft valve replacement. Postgraduate Medical Journal 1979, 55: 629\u2013631.","journal-title":"Postgraduate Medical Journal"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1080\/00362178485380091","volume":"22","author":"J. F. Ryley","year":"1984","unstructured":"Ryley, J. F., Wilson, R. G., Barrett-Bee, K. J. Azole resistance inCandida albicans. Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology 1984, 22: 53\u201363.","journal-title":"Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1080\/02681218780000381","volume":"25","author":"C. A. Hitchcock","year":"1987","unstructured":"Hitchcock, C. A., Barrett-Bee, K. J., Russell, N. J. Inhibition of 14 alpha-sterol demethylase activity inCandida albicans Darlington does not correlate with resistance to azole. Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology 1987, 25: 329\u2013333.","journal-title":"Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.2.6.423","volume":"2","author":"M. A. Burgess","year":"1972","unstructured":"Burgess, M. A., Bodey, G. P. Clotrimazole (Bay b 5097): in vitro and clinical pharmacological studies. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1972, 2: 423\u2013426.","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1979.03290290040023","volume":"241","author":"L. I. Lutwick","year":"1979","unstructured":"Lutwick, L. I., Rytel, M. W., Yanez, J. P., Galgiani, J. N., Stevens, D. A. Deep infections fromPetriellidium boydii treated with miconazole. Journal of the American Medical Association 1979, 241: 272\u2013273.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-94-5-708","volume":"94","author":"J. E. Bennett","year":"1981","unstructured":"Bennett, J. E. Miconazole in cryptococcosis and systemic candidiasis: a word of caution. Annals of Internal Medicine 1981, 94: 708\u2013709.","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-198801000-00010","volume":"7","author":"Z. M. Shehab","year":"1988","unstructured":"Shehab, Z. M., Britton, H., Dunn, J. H. Imidazole therapy of coccidioidal meningitis in children. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 1988, 7: 40\u201344.","journal-title":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/138.2.245","volume":"138","author":"D. M. Dixon","year":"1978","unstructured":"Dixon, D. M., Shadomy, S., Shadomy, H. J., Espinel-Ingroff, A., Kerkering, T. M. Comparison of the in vitro antifungal activities of miconazole and a new imidazole, R 41,400. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1978, 138: 245\u2013248.","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-198223010-00001","volume":"23","author":"R. C. Heel","year":"1982","unstructured":"Heel, R. C., Brogden, R. N., Carmine, A., Morley, P. A., Speight, T. M., Avery, G. S. Ketoconazole: a review of its therapeutic efficacy in superficial and systemic fungal infections. Drugs 1982, 23: 1\u201336.","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.1987.tb03967.x","volume":"10","author":"A. Polak","year":"1987","unstructured":"Polak, A., Dixon, D. M. Fungistatic and fungicidal effects of amphotericin B, ketoconazole and fluconazole (UK 49,858) againstHistoplasma capsulatum in vitro and in vivo. Mykosen 1987, 10: 186\u2013194.","journal-title":"Mykosen"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.32.1.1","volume":"32","author":"M. S. Saag","year":"1988","unstructured":"Saag, M. S., Dismukes, W. E. Azole antifungal agents: emphasis on new triazoles. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1988, 32: 1\u20138.","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.93.4.848","volume":"93","author":"M. S. Saag","year":"1988","unstructured":"Saag, M. S., Dismukes, W. E. Treatment of histoplasmosis and blastomycosis. Chest 1988, 93: 848\u2013851.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(88)90143-X","volume":"84","author":"J. N. Galgiani","year":"1988","unstructured":"Galgiani, J. N., Stevens, D. A., Graybill, J. R., Dismukes, W. E., Cloud, G. A. Ketoconazole therapy of progressive coccidioidomycosis. Comparison of 400- and 800-mg doses and observations at higher doses. American Journal of Medicine 1988, 84: 603\u2013610.","journal-title":"American Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.1.2.187","volume":"1","author":"R. A. Fromtling","year":"1988","unstructured":"Fromtling, R. A. Overview of medically important antifungal azole derivatives. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 1988, 1: 187\u2013217.","journal-title":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.26.1.5","volume":"26","author":"A. Espinel-Ingroff","year":"1984","unstructured":"Espinel-Ingroff, A., Shadomy, S., Gebhart, R. J. In vitro studies with R51,211 (itraconazole). Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1984, 26: 5\u20139.","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR64","first-page":"61","volume-title":"Recent trends in the discovery, development and evaluation of antifungal agents","author":"T. M. Kerkering","year":"1987","unstructured":"Kerkering, T. M., Espinel-Ingroff, A. In vitro synergistic activity of itraconazole and 5-fluorocytosine againstAspergillus fumigatus andAspergillus flavus. In: Fromtling, R. A. (ed.): Recent trends in the discovery, development and evaluation of antifungal agents. J. R. Prous, Barcelona, 1987, p. 61\u201370."},{"key":"BF01963469_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/20.5.719","volume":"20","author":"L. P. Longman","year":"1987","unstructured":"Longman, L. P., Martin, M. V. A comparison of the efficacy of itraconazole, amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine in the treatment ofAsperigillus fumigatus endocarditis in the rabbit. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 1987, 20: 719\u2013724.","journal-title":"Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1080\/00362178585380321","volume":"23","author":"J. R. Graybill","year":"1985","unstructured":"Graybill, J. R., Ahrens, J. Itraconazole treatment of murine aspergillosis. Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology 1985, 23: 219\u2013223.","journal-title":"Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1080\/00362178485380721","volume":"22","author":"J. R. Graybill","year":"1984","unstructured":"Graybill, J. R., Ahrens, J. R51,211 (itraconazole) therapy of murine cryptococcosis. Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology 1984, 22: 445\u2013453.","journal-title":"Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S71","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/9.Supplement_1.S71","volume":"9","author":"B. Dupont","year":"1987","unstructured":"Dupont, B., Drouhet, E. Early experience with itraconazole in vitro and in patients: pharmacokinetic studies and clinical results. Reviews of Infectious Diseases 1987, 9: S71-S76.","journal-title":"Reviews of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S146","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/9.Supplement_1.S146","volume":"9","author":"G. Cauwenbergh","year":"1987","unstructured":"Cauwenbergh, G., Doncker, P. D., Stoops, K., De Dier, A., Goyvaerts, H., Schuermans, V. Itraconazole in the treatment of human mycoses: review of three years of clinical experience. Reviews of Infectious Diseases 1987, 9: S146-S152.","journal-title":"Reviews of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/0192-0561(88)90092-6","volume":"10","author":"D. S. Senior","year":"1988","unstructured":"Senior, D. S., Shaw, J. T. In vitro effects of fluconazole (UK-49,858) and ketoconazole on mouse lymphocyte proliferation andCandida blastospore destruction by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. International Journal of Immunopharmacology 1988, 10: 169\u2013173.","journal-title":"International Journal of Immunopharmacology"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.29.4.579","volume":"29","author":"J. R. Perfect","year":"1986","unstructured":"Perfect, J. R., Savani, D. V., Durack, D. T. Comparison of itraconazole and fluconazole in treatment of cryptococcal meningitis andCandida pyclonephritis in rabbits. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1986, 29: 579\u2013583.","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR72","first-page":"304","volume":"22","author":"J. A. Schulman","year":"1987","unstructured":"Schulman, J. A., Peyman, G., Fiscella, R., Small, G., Coats, M., Wajszczuk, C. P., Steahly, L. Toxicity of intravitreal injection of fluconazole in the rabbit. Canadian Journal Ophthalmology 1987, 22: 304\u2013306.","journal-title":"Canadian Journal Ophthalmology"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.31.12.2005","volume":"31","author":"G. S. Kobayashi","year":"1987","unstructured":"Kobayashi, G. S., Travis, S. J., Medoff, G. Comparison of fluconazole and amphotericin B in treating histoplasmosis in immunosuppressed mice. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1987, 31: 2005\u20132006.","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1080\/02681218880000081","volume":"26","author":"B. Dupont","year":"1988","unstructured":"Dupont, B., Drouhet, E. Fluconazole in the management of oropharyngeal candidosis in a predominantly HIV antibody-positive group of patients. Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology 1988, 26: 67\u201371.","journal-title":"Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-108-3-384","volume":"108","author":"W. R. Byrne","year":"1988","unstructured":"Byrne, W. R., Wajszczuk, C. P. Cryptococcal meningitis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: successful treatment with fluconazole after failure of amphotericin B. Annals of Internal Medicine 1988, 108: 384\u2013385.","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1080\/00362178485380041","volume":"22","author":"S. Shadomy","year":"1984","unstructured":"Shadomy, S., Espinel-Ingroff, A., Kerkering, T. M. Invitro studies with four new antifungal agents: Bay n 7133, bifonazole (Bay h 4502), ICI 153,066 and Ro 14-4767\/002. Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology 1984, 22: 7\u201315.","journal-title":"Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.1987.tb04372.x","volume":"30","author":"J. M\u00fcller","year":"1987","unstructured":"M\u00fcller, J., Polak, A., Jaeger, R. The effect of the morpholine derivate amorolfin (Roche 14-4767\/002) on the ultrastructure ofCandida albicans. Mykosen 1987, 30: 528\u2013540.","journal-title":"Mykosen"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR78","first-page":"155","volume":"121","author":"U. Ganzinger","year":"1986","unstructured":"Ganzinger, U., Stutz, A., Petranyi, G., Stephen, A. Allylamines: topical and oral treatment of dermatomycoses with a new class of antifungal agents. Acta Dermato-Venereologica 1986, 121: 155\u2013160.","journal-title":"Acta Dermato-Venereologica"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1080\/00362178585380201","volume":"23","author":"S. Shadomy","year":"1985","unstructured":"Shadomy, S., Espinel-Ingroff, A., Gebhart, R. J. In vitro studies with SF 86-327, a new orally active allylamine derivative. Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology 1985, 23: 125\u2013132.","journal-title":"Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.31.9.1365","volume":"31","author":"G. Petranyi","year":"1987","unstructured":"Petranyi, G., Meingassner, J. G., Mieth, H. Antifungal activity of the allylamine derivative terbinafine in vitro. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1987, 31: 1365\u20131368.","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR81","first-page":"139","volume":"36","author":"M. Goudard","year":"1988","unstructured":"Goudard, M., Regli, P., Buffard, Y., Gabriel, B. In vitro sensitivity ofAspergillus to terbinafine: comparative study on amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine and ketoconazole. Pathologie Biologie 1988, 36: 139\u2013143.","journal-title":"Pathologie Biologie"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.31.10.1558","volume":"31","author":"G. Petranyi","year":"1987","unstructured":"Petranyi, G., Meingassner, J. G., Mieth, H. Activity of terbinafine in experimental fungal infections of laboratory animals. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1987, 31: 1558\u20131561.","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01962183","volume":"7","author":"E. D. Spitzer","year":"1988","unstructured":"Spitzer, E. D., Travis, S. J., Kobayashi, G. S. Comparative in vitro activity of LY 121019 and amphotericin B against clinical isolates ofCandida species. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 1988, 7: 80\u201381.","journal-title":"European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01962182","volume":"7","author":"M. Hobbs","year":"1988","unstructured":"Hobbs, M., Perfect, J., Durack, D. Evaluation of in vitro antifungal activity of LY 121019. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 1988, 7: 77\u201380.","journal-title":"European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"BF01963469_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.7164\/antibiotics.37.1054","volume":"37","author":"R. S. Gordee","year":"1984","unstructured":"Gordee, R. S., Zeckner, D. J., Ellis, L. F., Thakkar, A. L., Howard, L. C. In vitro and in vivo anti-Candida activity and toxicology of LY 121019. Journal of Antibiotics 1984, 37: 1054\u20131065.","journal-title":"Journal of Antibiotics"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Clinical Microbiology &amp; Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF01963469.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF01963469\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF01963469","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,28]],"date-time":"2024-01-28T11:01:10Z","timestamp":1706439670000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF01963469"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1989,4]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,4]]}},"alternative-id":["BF01963469"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf01963469","relation":{},"ISSN":["0934-9723","1435-4373"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0934-9723","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-4373","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1989,4]]}}}