{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T12:56:42Z","timestamp":1791205002689,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1986,2,1]],"date-time":"1986-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":507600000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Youth Adolescence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1986,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf02140780","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,15]],"date-time":"2005-09-15T10:14:25Z","timestamp":1126779265000},"page":"1-18","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Social and emotional adjustment of adolescents extremely talented in verbal or mathematical reasoning"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Linda E.","family":"Brody","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camilla Persson","family":"Benbow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BF02140780_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1037\/h0036315","volume":"81","author":"M. I. Applebaum","year":"1974","unstructured":"Applebaum, M. I., and Cramer, E. M. (1974). Some problems in the nonorthogonal analysis of variance.Psychol. Bull. 81: 335\u2013343.","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1177\/001698628102500310","volume":"25","author":"A. B. Austin","year":"1981","unstructured":"Austin, A. B., and Draper, D. C. (1981). Peer relationships of the academically gifted: A review.Gift. Child. 25: 129\u2013133.","journal-title":"Gift. Child."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.2307\/1127795","volume":"42","author":"N. R. Bartel","year":"1971","unstructured":"Bartel, N. R. (1971). Locus of control and achievement in middle- and lower-class children.Child Dev. 42: 1099\u20131107.","journal-title":"Child Dev."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR4","first-page":"631","volume":"34","author":"E. Bing","year":"1963","unstructured":"Bing, E. (1963). Effect of child rearing practices on development of differential cognitive abilities.Child Dev. 34: 631\u2013648.","journal-title":"Child Dev."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1980.47.3.715","volume":"47","author":"B. A. Bracken","year":"1980","unstructured":"Bracken, B. A. (1980). Comparison of self-attitudes of gifted children and children in a non-gifted normative group.Psychol. Rep. 47: 715\u2013718.","journal-title":"Psychol. Rep."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR6","volume-title":"The Promise of Youth: Follow-Up Studies of a Thousand Gifted Children","author":"L. M. Burks","year":"1930","unstructured":"Burks, L. M., Jensen, D. W., and Terman, L. M. (1930).The Promise of Youth: Follow-Up Studies of a Thousand Gifted Children. Stanford University Press, Stanford, Calf."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR7","first-page":"1","volume":"34","author":"L. Carlsmith","year":"1964","unstructured":"Carlsmith, L. (1964). Effect of early father absence on scholastic aptitude.Harvard Educ. 34: 1\u201321.","journal-title":"Harvard Educ."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1037\/h0054618","volume":"36","author":"R. B. Cattell","year":"1945","unstructured":"Cattell, R. B. (1945). Personality traits associated with abilities, II: With verbal and mathematical abilities.J. Educ. Psychol. 36: 475\u2013486.","journal-title":"J. Educ. Psychol."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR9","volume-title":"Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences","author":"J. Cohen","year":"1977","unstructured":"Cohen, J. (1977).Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. Academic Press, New York."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR10","volume-title":"The Adolescent Society: The Social Life of a Teenager and Its Impact on Education","author":"J. S. Coleman","year":"1961","unstructured":"Coleman, J. S. (1961).The Adolescent Society: The Social Life of a Teenager and Its Impact on Education, Free Press of Glencoe, New York."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR11","volume-title":"College-Bound Seniors 1983\u201384","author":"College Board.","year":"1984","unstructured":"College Board. (1984).College-Bound Seniors 1983\u201384, Educational Testing Service, Princeton, N.J."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR12","volume-title":"National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972: Group Profiles on Self-Esteem, Locus of Control, and Life Goals","author":"A. J. Conger","year":"1976","unstructured":"Conger, A. J., Peng, S. S., and Dunteman, G. H. (1976).National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972: Group Profiles on Self-Esteem, Locus of Control, and Life Goals. Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, N.C."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR13","first-page":"1","volume":"73","author":"A. D'Heurle","year":"1959","unstructured":"D'Heurle, A., Mellinger, J. C., and Haggard, E. A. (1959). Personality, intellectual and achievement patterns in gifted children.Psychol. Monogr. 73: 1\u201328.","journal-title":"Psychol. Monogr."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR14","volume-title":"Handbook of Adolescent Psychology","author":"D. Elkind","year":"1980","unstructured":"Elkind, D. (1980). Strategic interactions in early adolescence. In Adelson, J. (ed.),Handbook of Adolescent Psychology, Wiley, New York."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR15","volume-title":"Childhood and Society","author":"E. H. Erickson","year":"1950","unstructured":"Erickson, E. H. (1950).Childhood and Society. Norton, New York."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.2307\/1126678","volume":"37","author":"L. R. Fergusson","year":"1966","unstructured":"Fergusson, L. R., and Maccoby, E. E. (1966). Interpersonal correlates of differential abilities.Child Dev. 37: 549\u2013571.","journal-title":"Child Dev."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.2307\/1128724","volume":"49","author":"F. Fincham","year":"1978","unstructured":"Fincham, F., and Barling, J. (1978). Locus of control and generosity in learning disabled, normal achieving, and gifted children.Child Dev. 49: 530\u2013533.","journal-title":"Child Dev."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1037\/h0029847","volume":"16","author":"G. Fitch","year":"1970","unstructured":"Fitch, G. (1970). Effects of self-esteem, perceived performance, and choice on causal attributions.J. Person. Soc. Psychol. 16: 311\u2013315.","journal-title":"J. Person. Soc. Psychol."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR19","volume-title":"Gifted Children","author":"J. Freeman","year":"1979","unstructured":"Freeman, J. (1979).Gifted Children. University Park Press, Baltimore, Md."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1086\/459677","volume":"58","author":"J. J. Gallagher","year":"1958","unstructured":"Gallagher, J. J. (1958). Peer acceptance of highly gifted children in elementary school.Elem. School. J. 58: 465\u2013470.","journal-title":"Elem. School. J."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1080\/00223980.1981.9915228","volume":"107","author":"R. A. Goswick","year":"1981","unstructured":"Goswick, R. A., and Jones, W. H. (1981). Loneliness, self-concept and adjustment.J. Psychol. 107: 237\u2013240.","journal-title":"J. Psychol."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR22","volume-title":"Creativity: Its Educational Implications","author":"J. C. Gowan","year":"1981","unstructured":"Gowan, J. C., Khatena, J., and Torrance, E. P. (1981).Creativity: Its Educational Implications. Kendall\/Hunt, Dubuque, Iowa."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR23","volume-title":"Intellectual Talent: Research and Development","author":"R. J. Haier","year":"1976","unstructured":"Haier, R. J., and Denham, S. A. (1976). A summary profile of the nonintellectual correlates of mathematical precocity in boys and girls. In Keating, D. P. (ed.),Intellectual Talent: Research and Development, Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Md."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02139078","volume":"6","author":"R. Hogan","year":"1977","unstructured":"Hogan, R., Viernstein, M. C., McGinn, P. V., Bohannon, W., and Daurio, S. P. (1977). Verbal giftedness and sociopolitical intelligence: Terman revisited.J. Youth Adoles. 6: 107\u2013116.","journal-title":"J. Youth Adoles."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR25","volume-title":"Gifted Children: Their Nature and Nurture","author":"L. S. Hollingworth","year":"1929","unstructured":"Hollingworth, L. S. (1929).Gifted Children: Their Nature and Nurture. Macmillan, New York."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1037\/13574-000","volume-title":"Children Above 180 IQ Stanford Binet: Origin and Development","author":"L. S. Hollingworth","year":"1942","unstructured":"Hollingworth, L. S. (1942).Children Above 180 IQ Stanford Binet: Origin and Development. World Book Co., Yonkers, N. Y."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1177\/001698628502900207","volume":"29","author":"P. M. Janos","year":"1985","unstructured":"Janos, P. M., Fung, H. C., and Robinson, N. M. (1985). Self-concept, self-esteem and peer relations among gifted children who feel different.Gift. Child. 29: 78\u201382.","journal-title":"Gift. Child."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1971.28.2.619","volume":"28","author":"V. C. Joe","year":"1971","unstructured":"Joe, V. C. (1971). Review of the internal-external control construct as a personality variable.Psychol. Rep. 28: 619\u2013640.","journal-title":"Psychol. Rep."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1177\/001698628502900206","volume":"29","author":"C. F. Kaiser","year":"1985","unstructured":"Kaiser, C. F., and Berndt, D. J. (1985). Predictors of loneliness in the gifted adolescent.Gift. Child. 29: 74\u201377.","journal-title":"Gift. Child."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1981.49.3.903","volume":"49","author":"F. A. Karnes","year":"1981","unstructured":"Karnes, F. A., and Wherry, J. N. (1981). Self-concepts of gifted students as measured by the Piers-Harris Children's Self-concept Scale.Psychol. Rep. 49: 903\u2013906.","journal-title":"Psychol. Rep."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.2307\/1128865","volume":"46","author":"D. P. Keating","year":"1975","unstructured":"Keating, D. P. (1975). Precocious cognitive development at the level of formal operations.Child Dev. 46: 276\u2013280.","journal-title":"Child Dev."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1037\/h0076670","volume":"11","author":"D. P. Keating","year":"1975","unstructured":"Keating, D. P., and Schaefer, R. A. (1975). Ability and sex differences in the acquisition of formal operations.Dev. Psychol. 11: 531\u2013532.","journal-title":"Dev. Psychol."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4679(196204)18:2<148::AID-JCLP2270180213>3.0.CO;2-Y","volume":"18","author":"W. A. Kennedy","year":"1962","unstructured":"Kennedy, W. A. (1962). MMPI profiles of gifted adolescents.J. Clin. Psychol. 18: 148\u2013149.","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1177\/001698628102500312","volume":"25","author":"S. P. Lajoie","year":"1981","unstructured":"Lajoie, S. P., and Shore, B. M. (1981). Three myths? The overrepresentation of the gifted among dropouts, delinquents, and suicides.Gift. Child. 25: 138\u2013143.","journal-title":"Gift. Child."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1177\/001698628102500311","volume":"25","author":"E. B. Lehman","year":"1981","unstructured":"Lehman, E. B., and Erdwins, C. J. (1981). The social and emotional adjustment of young intellectually gifted children.Gift. Child. 25, 134\u2013137.","journal-title":"Gift. Child."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lessinger, L. M., and Martinson, R. A. (1961). The use of the California Psychological Inventory with gifted pupils.Person. Guid. J. 572\u2013575.","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2164-4918.1961.tb02012.x"},{"key":"BF02140780_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1037\/10996-000","volume-title":"The Man of Genius","author":"C. Lombroso","year":"1895","unstructured":"Lombroso, C. (1895).The Man of Genius. Charles Scribner, New York."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.2307\/1127534","volume":"43","author":"S. B. Messer","year":"1972","unstructured":"Messer, S. B. (1972). The relation of internal-external control to academic performance.Child Dev. 43: 1456\u20131462.","journal-title":"Child Dev."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1080\/00221325.1976.10534029","volume":"129","author":"R. M. Milgram","year":"1976","unstructured":"Milgram, R. M., and Milgram, N. A. (1976). Personality characteristics of gifted Israeli children.J. Genet. Psychol. 129: 185\u2013194.","journal-title":"J. Genet. Psychol."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR40","volume-title":"Psychological Development: A Life Span Approach","author":"P. H. Mussen","year":"1979","unstructured":"Mussen, P. H., Conger, J. J., Kagan, J., and Geiwitz, J. (1979).Psychological Development: A Life Span Approach. Harper & Row, New York."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR41","first-page":"269","volume":"12","author":"E. A. Nelson","year":"1966","unstructured":"Nelson, E. A., and Maccoby, E. E. (1966). The relationship between social development and differential abilities on the Scholastic Aptitude Test.Merrill-Palmer Q. 12: 269\u2013284.","journal-title":"Merrill-Palmer Q."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR42","volume-title":"The Insanity of Genius","author":"J. F. Nisbet","year":"1895","unstructured":"Nisbet, J. F. (1895).The Insanity of Genius, DeLaNore Press, London."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1037\/h0076381","volume":"82","author":"J. E. Overall","year":"1975","unstructured":"Overall, J. E., Spiegel, D. K., and Cohen, J. (1975). Equivalence of orthogonal and nonorthogonal analyses of variance.Psychol. Bull. 82: 182\u2013186.","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR44","volume-title":"High School and Beyond","author":"S. S. Peng","year":"1981","unstructured":"Peng, S. S., Fetters, W. B., and Kolstad, A. J. (1981).High School and Beyond. National Center for Education Statistics, Washington, D. C."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02089104","volume":"13","author":"A. C. Petersen","year":"1984","unstructured":"Petersen, A. C., Schulenberg, J. E., Abramowitz, R. H., Offer, D., and Jarcho, H. D. (1984). A self-image questionnaire for young adolescents (SIQYA): Reliability and validity studies.J. Youth Adoles. 13: 93\u2013111.","journal-title":"J. Youth Adoles."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR46","volume-title":"Academic Precocity: Aspects of Its Development","author":"L. M. Pollins","year":"1983","unstructured":"Pollins, L. M. (1983). The effects of acceleration on the social and emotional development of gifted students. In Benbow, C. P., and Stanley, J. C. (eds.),Academic Precocity: Aspects of Its Development. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Md."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1080\/02783198409552783","volume":"6","author":"P. M. Powell","year":"1984","unstructured":"Powell, P. M., and Haden, T. (1984). The intellectual and psychosocial nature of extreme giftedness.Roeper Rev. 6: 131\u2013133.","journal-title":"Roeper Rev."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1515\/9781400876136","volume-title":"Society and the Adolescent Self-Image","author":"M. Rosenberg","year":"1965","unstructured":"Rosenberg, M. (1965).Society and the Adolescent Self-Image, Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1037\/h0076301","volume":"43","author":"J. B. Rotter","year":"1975","unstructured":"Rotter, J. B. (1975). Some problems and misconceptions related to the construct of internal versus external control of reinforcement.J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 43: 56\u201367.","journal-title":"J. Consult. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.3102\/00346543051001101","volume":"51","author":"D. J. Stipek","year":"1981","unstructured":"Stipek, D. J., and Weisz, J. R. (1981). Perceived personal control and academic achievement.R. Educ. Res. 51: 101\u2013137.","journal-title":"R. Educ. Res."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR51","volume-title":"Mental and Physical Traits of a Thousand Gifted Children","author":"L. M. Terman","year":"1925","unstructured":"Terman, L. M. (1925).Mental and Physical Traits of a Thousand Gifted Children, Stanford University Press, Stanford, Calif."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR52","volume-title":"The Gifted Child Grows Up: Twenty-Five Years' Follow-Up of a Superior Group","author":"L. M. Terman","year":"1947","unstructured":"Terman, L. M., and Oden, M. H. (1947).The Gifted Child Grows Up: Twenty-Five Years' Follow-Up of a Superior Group. Stanford University Press, Stanford, Calif."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1177\/001698628002400204","volume":"24","author":"R. Tidwell","year":"1980","unstructured":"Tidwell, R. (1980). A psycho-educational profile of 1,593 gifted high school students.Gift. Child. 24: 63\u201368.","journal-title":"Gift. Child."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.2307\/3956708","volume":"100","author":"R. J. Trotter","year":"1971","unstructured":"Trotter, R. J. (1971). Self-Image.Science News 100: 130\u2013131.","journal-title":"Science News"},{"key":"BF02140780_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1126\/science.132.3423.330","volume":"132","author":"J. R. Warren","year":"1960","unstructured":"Warren, J. R., and Heist, P. A. (1960). Personality attributes of gifted college students.Science 132: 330\u2013337.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BF02140780_CR56","volume-title":"Mathematical Talent: Discovery, Description, and Development","author":"D. S. Weiss","year":"1974","unstructured":"Weiss, D. S., Haier, R. J., and Keating, D. P. (1974). Personality characteristics of mathematically precocious boys. In Stanley, J. C., Keating, D. P., and Fox, L. H. (eds.),Mathematical Talent: Discovery, Description, and Development. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Md."},{"key":"BF02140780_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1037\/h0074234","volume":"24","author":"P. A. Witty","year":"1929","unstructured":"Witty, P. A., and Lehman, H. C. (1929). Nervous instability and genius: poetry and fiction.J. Abnorm. Soc. Psychol. 24: 77\u201390.","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Soc. Psychol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Youth and Adolescence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF02140780.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF02140780\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF02140780","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,14]],"date-time":"2019-05-14T15:50:44Z","timestamp":1557849044000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF02140780"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1986,2]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1986,2]]}},"alternative-id":["BF02140780"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf02140780","relation":{},"ISSN":["0047-2891","1573-6601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0047-2891","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-6601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1986,2]]}}}