{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T11:02:56Z","timestamp":1770721376728,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf02236693","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,21]],"date-time":"2005-10-21T10:39:58Z","timestamp":1129891198000},"page":"1011-1015","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":114,"title":["Nifedipine for local use in conservative treatment of anal fissures"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Carmine","family":"Antropoli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pasquale","family":"Perrotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Rubino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Martino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"De Stefano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Migliore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Antropoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pasquale","family":"Piazza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"BF02236693_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800831006","volume":"83","author":"JN Lund","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lund JN, Scholefield JH. Aetiology and treatment of anal fissure. Br J Surg 1996;83:1335\u201344.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02054225","volume":"38","author":"C Oh","year":"1995","unstructured":"Oh C, Divino CM, Steinhagen RM. Anal fissure: 20-year experience. Dis Colon Rectum 1995;38:378\u201382.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR3","first-page":"1584","volume":"96","author":"T Hager","year":"1978","unstructured":"Hager T. Frequent anal and perianal disorders and their treatment. Fortschr Med 1978;96:1584\u20138.","journal-title":"Fortschr Med"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00341218","volume":"7","author":"EE Frezza","year":"1992","unstructured":"Frezza EE, Sandei F, Leoni G, Biral M. Conservative and surgical treatment in acute and chronic anal fissure. A study on 308 patients. Int J Colorectal Dis 1992;7:188\u201391.","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-199308000-00016","volume":"86","author":"JM Jorge","year":"1993","unstructured":"Jorge JM, Wexner SD Anorectal manometry: techniques and clinical applications. South Med J 1993;86:924\u201331.","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.1139\/y90-224","volume":"68","author":"DJ Triggle","year":"1990","unstructured":"Triggle DJ. Calcium, calcium channels, and calcium channel antagonists. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1990;68:1474\u201381.","journal-title":"Can J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR7","first-page":"18","volume":"1","author":"D Vouillamoz","year":"1996","unstructured":"Vouillamoz D. Anal fissure: conservative treatment. Swiss Surg 1996;1:18\u201320.","journal-title":"Swiss Surg"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-5089(21)00256-X","volume":"4","author":"AR Crapp","year":"1975","unstructured":"Crapp AR, Alexander-Williams J. Fissure-in-ano and anal stenosis. Part I: conservative management. Clin Gastroenterol 1975;4:619\u201328.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR9","first-page":"22","volume":"1","author":"W Klug","year":"1993","unstructured":"Klug W, Knoch HG. Comparing dilator efficacy in the treatment of acute anal fissure. Colo-proctology 1993;1:22\u20138.","journal-title":"Colo-proctology"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800700109","volume":"70","author":"P McDonald","year":"1983","unstructured":"McDonald P, Driscoll AM, Nicholls RJ. The anal dilator in the conservative management of acute anal fissures. Br J Surg 1983;70:25\u20136.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800700312","volume":"70","author":"MJ Gough","year":"1983","unstructured":"Gough MJ, Lewis A. The conservative treatment of fissure-in-ano. Br J Surg 1983;70:175\u20136.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR12","first-page":"235","volume":"41","author":"PF Mason","year":"1996","unstructured":"Mason PF, Watkins MJ, Hall HS, Hall AW. The management of chronic fissure in-ano with botulinum toxin. J R Coll Surg Edinb 1996;41:235\u20138.","journal-title":"J R Coll Surg Edinb"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02050924","volume":"40","author":"WH Jost","year":"1997","unstructured":"Jost WH. One hundred cases of anal fissure treated with botulin toxin: early and long-term results. Dis Colon Rectum 1997;40:1029\u201332.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199801223380402","volume":"338","author":"G Maria","year":"1998","unstructured":"Maria G, Cassetta E, Gui D, Brisinda G, Bentivoglio AR, Albanese A. A comparison of botulinum toxin and saline for the treatment of chronic anal fissure. N Engl J Med 1998;338:217\u201320.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.39.3.465","volume":"39","author":"WR Schouten","year":"1996","unstructured":"Schouten WR, Briel JW, Boerma MO, Auwerda JJ, Wilms EB, Graatsma BH Pathophysiological aspects and clinical outcome of intra-anal application of Isosorbide dinitrate in patients with chronic anal fissure. Gut 1996;39:465\u20139.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)06090-4","volume":"349","author":"JN Lund","year":"1997","unstructured":"Lund JN, Scholefield JH. A randomised, prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of glyceryl trinitrate ointment in treatment of anal fissure. Lancet 1997;349:11\u20134.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800810949","volume":"81","author":"PB Loder","year":"1994","unstructured":"Loder PB, Kamm MA, Nicholls RJ, Phillips RK. Reversible chemical sphincterotomy by local application of glyceryl trinitrate. Br J Surg 1994;81:1386\u20139.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02148842","volume":"38","author":"SR Gorfine","year":"1995","unstructured":"Gorfine SR. Treatment of benign anal disease with topical nitroglycerin. Dis Colon Rectum 1995;38:453\u20137.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02050816","volume":"40","author":"GJ Oettle","year":"1997","unstructured":"Oettle GJ. Glyceryl trinitratevs. sphincterotomy for treatment of chronic fissure-in-ano: a randomized, controlled trial. Dis Colon Rectum 1997;40:1318\u201320.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800830614","volume":"83","author":"SJ Watson","year":"1996","unstructured":"Watson SJ, Kamm MA, Nicholls RJ, Phillips RK. Topical glyceryl trinitrate in the treatment of chronic anal fissure. Br J Surg 1996;83:771\u20135.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800830615","volume":"83","author":"JN Lund","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lund JN, Armitage NC, Scholefield JH. Use of glyceryl trinitrate ointment in the treatment of anal fissure. Br J Surg 1996;83:776\u20137.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02055444","volume":"40","author":"H Bacher","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bacher H, Mischinger H-J, Werkgartner G, et al. Local nitroglycerin for treatment of anal fissures: an alternative to lateral sphincterotomy? Dis Colon Rectum 1997;40:840\u20135.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800830120","volume":"83","author":"WR Schouten","year":"1996","unstructured":"Schouten WR, Briel JW, Auwerda JJ, De Graaf EJ. Ischaemic nature of anal fissure. Br J Surg 1996;83:63\u20135.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02076185","volume":"37","author":"R Farouk","year":"1994","unstructured":"Farouk R, Duthie GS, MacGregor AB, Bartolo DC. Sustained internal sphincter hypertonia in patients with chronic anal fissure. Dis Colon Rectum 1994;37:424\u20139.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.6196.967","volume":"2","author":"MR Keighley","year":"1979","unstructured":"Keighley MR, Buchmann P, Minervini S, Arabi Y, Alexander-Williams J. Prospective trials of minor surgical procedures and high-fibre diet for haemorrhoids. BMJ 1979;2:967\u20139.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR26","first-page":"4","volume":"1","author":"H M\u00fcller-Lobeck","year":"1993","unstructured":"M\u00fcller-Lobeck H. Gradual conservative treatment of haemorrhoids. Colo-protocology 1993;1:4\u20138.","journal-title":"Colo-protocology"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02068078","volume":"39","author":"E Chrysos","year":"1996","unstructured":"Chrysos E, Xynos E, Tzovaras G, Zoras OJ, Tsiaoussis J, Vassilakis SJ. Effect of nifedipine on rectoanal motility. Dis Colon Rectum 1996;39:212\u20136.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1997.d01-1024.x","volume":"108","author":"N Katoh","year":"1997","unstructured":"Katoh N. Calcium channel blockers suppress the contact hypersensitivity reaction (CHR) by inhibiting antigen transport and presentation by epidermal Langerhans cells in mice. Clin Exp Immunol 1997;108:302\u20138.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-5214(95)70064-1","volume":"22","author":"H Oshiro","year":"1995","unstructured":"Oshiro H. L-type calcium channel blockers modulate the microvascular hyperpermeability induced by platelet-activating factor in vivo. J Vasc Surg 1995;22:723\u201339.","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(94)90391-3","volume":"127","author":"AJ Landau","year":"1994","unstructured":"Landau AJ. Intranasal delivery of cardiovascular agents: an innovative approach to cardiovascular pharmacotherapy. Am Heart J 1994;127:1594\u20139.","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1139\/y85-036","volume":"63","author":"F Yousif","year":"1985","unstructured":"Yousif F. Triggle DJ. Functional interaction between organic calcium channel antagonist in smooth muscle. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1985;63:193\u20135.","journal-title":"Can J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"BF02236693_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.3109\/00365529309096060","volume":"28","author":"M Thollander","year":"1993","unstructured":"Thollander M, Hellstrom PM, Svensson TH. Dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonists disrupt migrating myoelectric complexes and counteract intestinal disorders associated with morphine withdrawal diarrhea. Scand J Gastroenterol 1993;28:137\u201344.","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["Diseases of the Colon & Rectum"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1007\/BF02236693","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,18]],"date-time":"2021-07-18T19:43:55Z","timestamp":1626637435000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00003453-199942080-00008"}},"subtitle":["Preliminary results of a multicenter study"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,8]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf02236693","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-3706"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-3706","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,8]]}}}