{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T15:55:54Z","timestamp":1785858954791,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf02236703","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,21]],"date-time":"2005-10-21T06:39:58Z","timestamp":1129876798000},"page":"1057-1064","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Use of endoanal ultrasound in patients with rectovaginal fistulas"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Laurence F.","family":"Yee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa H.","family":"Birnbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas E.","family":"Read","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ira J.","family":"Kodner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James W.","family":"Fleshman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"BF02236703_CR1","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Current practice of surgery. Vol 3","author":"R Fry","year":"1993","unstructured":"Fry R, Kodner I. Anorectal disease. In: Levine BA, Copeland EM, Howard RJ, Sugerman HJ, Warshaw AL, eds. Current practice of surgery. Vol 3. New York: Churchill-Livingston, 1993:3\u201322."},{"key":"BF02236703_CR2","first-page":"1191","volume-title":"Principles of surgery","author":"IJ Kodner","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kodner IJ, Fry RD, Fleshman JW, Birnbaum EH. Colon, rectum and anus. In: Schwartz S, ed. Principles of surgery. 6th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993:1191\u2013306.","edition":"6th ed."},{"key":"BF02236703_CR3","first-page":"682","volume":"114","author":"IJ Kodner","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kodner IJ, Mazor A, Shemesh EI, Fry RD, Fleshman JW, Birnbaum EH. Endorectal advancement flap repair of rectovaginal and other complicated anorectal fistulas. Surgery 1993;114:682\u201390.","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02054681","volume":"39","author":"S Wexner","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wexner S, Rosen L, Roberts P,et al., The Standards Practice Task Force of The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. Practice parameters for treatment of fistula-in-ano\u2014supporting documentation. Dis Colon Rectum 1996;39:1363\u201372.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR5","first-page":"113","volume":"10","author":"R Fry","year":"1995","unstructured":"Fry R, Kodner I. Rectovaginal fistula. Surg Ann 1995;10:113\u201331.","journal-title":"Surg Ann"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02239436","volume":"41","author":"CB Tsang","year":"1998","unstructured":"Tsang CB, Madoff RD, Wong WD,et al. Anal sphincter integrity and function influences outcome in rectovaginal repair. Dis Colon Rectum 1998;41:1141\u20136.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01948153","volume":"8","author":"J Dragsted","year":"1983","unstructured":"Dragsted J, Gammegaard J. Ultrasonic scanning in the evaluation of rectal cancer: a preliminary report of 13 cases. Gastrointest Radiol 1983;8:367\u20139.","journal-title":"Gastrointest Radiol"},{"issue":"Suppl 123","key":"BF02236703_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.3109\/00365528609091869","volume":"21","author":"M Rifkin","year":"1986","unstructured":"Rifkin M, McGlynn E. Endorectal sonographic prospective staging of rectal cancer. Scand J Gastroenterol 1986;21(Suppl 123):99\u2013103.","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800731228","volume":"73","author":"J Beynon","year":"1986","unstructured":"Beynon J, Mortensen N, Foy D, Channer J, Virjee J, Goddard P. Pre-operative assessment of local invasion in rectal cancer: digital examination, endoluminal ultrasonography, or computed tomography? Br J Surg 1986;73:1015\u20137.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR10","first-page":"352","volume":"54","author":"A Senagore","year":"1988","unstructured":"Senagore A, Milsom J, Talbot T,et al. Intrarectal ultrasonography in the staging and management of rectal tumors. Am Surg 1988;54:352\u20135.","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02150740","volume":"33","author":"WJ Orrom","year":"1990","unstructured":"Orrom WJ, Wong WD, Rothenberger DA, Jensen LL, Goldberg SM. Endorectal ultrasound in the preoperative staging of rectal tumors: a learning experience. Dis Colon Rectum 1990;33:654\u20139.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02051923","volume":"33","author":"U Hildebrandt","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hildebrandt U, Klein G, Feifel G, Schwarz H-P, Koch B, Schmitt RM. Endosonography of pararectal lymph nodes:in vitro andin vivo evaluation. Dis Colon Rectum 1990;33:863\u20138.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.3109\/00365529309101579","volume":"Suppl 200","author":"R Felt-Bersma","year":"1993","unstructured":"Felt-Bersma R, Cuesta M. Anorectal endosonography in benign anorectal disorders. Scand J Gastroenterol 1993;Suppl 200:70\u20133.","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02156260","volume":"33","author":"PJ Law","year":"1990","unstructured":"Law PJ, Kamm MA, Bartram CI. A comparison between electromyography and anal endosonography in mapping external anal defects. Dis Colon Rectum 1990;33:370\u20133.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800760737","volume":"76","author":"P Law","year":"1989","unstructured":"Law P, Talbot R, Bartram C, Northover J. Anal endosonography in the evaluation of perianal sepsis and fistula in ano. Br J Surg 1989;76:752\u20135.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800780418","volume":"78","author":"S Choen","year":"1991","unstructured":"Choen S, Burnett S, Bartram C, Nicholls R. Comparison between anal endosonography and digital examination in the evaluation of anal fistulae. Br J Surg 1991;78:445\u20137.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02052266","volume":"36","author":"DM Cheong","year":"1993","unstructured":"Cheong DM, Nogueuras JJ, Wexner SD, Jagelman DG. Anal endosonography for recurrent anal fistulas: image enhancement with hydrogen peroxide. Dis Colon Rectum 1993;36:1158\u201360.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.35.3.391","volume":"35","author":"K Deen","year":"1994","unstructured":"Deen K, Williams J, Hutchinson R,et al. Fistulas in ano: endoanal ultrasonographic assessment assists decision-making for surgery. Gut 1994;35:1158\u201360.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800780419","volume":"78","author":"S Burnett","year":"1991","unstructured":"Burnett S, Speakman C, Kamm M, Bartram C. Confirmation of endosonographic detection of external anal sphincter defects by simultaneous electromyographic mapping. Br J Surg 1991;78:448\u201350.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800780315","volume":"78","author":"P Law","year":"1991","unstructured":"Law P, Kamm M, Bartram C. Anal endosonography in the investigation of faecal incontinence. Br J Surg 1991;78:312\u20134.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02253496","volume":"35","author":"RJ Felt-Bersma","year":"1992","unstructured":"Felt-Bersma RJ, Cuesta MA, Koorevaar M,et al. Anal endosonography: relationship with anal manometry and neurophysiologic tests. Dis Colon Rectum 1992;35:944\u20139.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.34.5.685","volume":"34","author":"K Deen","year":"1993","unstructured":"Deen K, Kumar D, Williams J, Ollif J, Keighley M. The prevalence of anal sphincter defects in faecal incontinence: a prospective endosonic study. Gut 1993;34:685\u20138.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02238597","volume":"36","author":"JJ Tjandra","year":"1993","unstructured":"Tjandra JJ, Milsom JW, Schroeder T, Fazio VW. Endoluminal ultrasound is preferable to electromyography in mapping anal sphincteric defects. Dis Colon Rectum 1993;36:689\u201392.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199308000-00013","volume":"218","author":"K Deen","year":"1993","unstructured":"Deen K, Kumar D, Williams J, Olliff J, Keighley M. Anal sphincter defects: correlation between endoanal ultrasound and surgery. Ann Sur 1993;218:201\u20135.","journal-title":"Ann Sur"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR25","first-page":"312","volume":"39","author":"R Farouk","year":"1994","unstructured":"Farouk R, Bartolo D. The use of endoluminal ultrasound in the assessment of patients with faecal incontinence. J R Coll Surg Edinb 1994;39:312\u20138.","journal-title":"J R Coll Surg Edinb"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02076193","volume":"37","author":"PM Falk","year":"1994","unstructured":"Falk PM, Blatchford GJ, Cali RL, Christensen MA, Thorsen AG. Transanal ultrasound and manometry in the evaluation of fecal incontinence. Dis Colon Rectum 1994;37:468\u201372.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.37.1.4","volume":"37","author":"C Bartram","year":"1995","unstructured":"Bartram C, Sultan A. Anal endosonography in faecal incontinence. Gut 1995;37:4\u20136.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02055596","volume":"38","author":"RJ Felt-Bersma","year":"1995","unstructured":"Felt-Bersma RJ, van Baren R, Koorevaar M, Strijers RL, Cuesta MA. Unsuspected sphincter defects shown by anal endosonography after anorectal surgery: a prospective study. Dis Colon Rectum 1995;38:249\u201353.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1905","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199312233292601","volume":"329","author":"A Sultan","year":"1993","unstructured":"Sultan A, Kamm M, Hudson C, Thomas J, Bartram C. Anal sphincter disruption during vaginal delivery. N Engl J Med 1993;329:1905\u201311.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02050062","volume":"34","author":"JW Fleshman","year":"1991","unstructured":"Fleshman JW, Dreznik Z, Fry RD, Kodner IJ. Anal sphincter repair for obstetric injury: manometric evaluation of functional results. Dis Colon Rectum 1991;34:1061\u20137.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02070707","volume":"40","author":"SM Sentovich","year":"1997","unstructured":"Sentovich SM, Blatchford GJ, Rivela LJ, Lin K, Thorson AG, Christensen MA. Diagnosing anal sphincter injury with transanal ultrasound and manometry. Dis Colon Rectum 1997;40:1430\u20134.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02053983","volume":"39","author":"NA Rieger","year":"1996","unstructured":"Rieger NA, Sweeney JL, Hoffmann DC, Young JF, Hunter A. Investigation of fecal incontinence with endoanal ultrasound. Dis Colon Rectum 1996;39:860\u20134.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02562120","volume":"32","author":"S Laurberg","year":"1989","unstructured":"Laurberg S, Swash M. Effects of aging on the anorectal sphincters and their innervation. Dis Colon Rectum 1989;32:737\u201342.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800771213","volume":"77","author":"S Snooks","year":"1990","unstructured":"Snooks S, Swash M, Mathers S, Henry M. Effect of vaginal delivery on the pelvic floor: a 5-year follow-up. Br J Surg 1990;77:1358\u201360.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(77)90277-X","volume":"134","author":"T Russell","year":"1977","unstructured":"Russell T, Gallagher D. Low rectovaginal fistulas: approach and treatment. Am J Surg 1977;134:13\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02553599","volume":"25","author":"DA Rothenberger","year":"1982","unstructured":"Rothenberger DA, Christenson CE, Balcos EG,et al. Endorectal advancement flap for treatment of simple rectovaginal fistula. Dis Colon Rectum 1982;25:297\u2013300.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02552581","volume":"31","author":"AC Lowry","year":"1988","unstructured":"Lowry AC, Thorsen AG, Rothenberger DA, Goldberg SM. Repair of simple rectovaginal fistulas: influence of previous repairs. Dis Colon Rectum 1988;31:676\u20138.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02050418","volume":"40","author":"R Schafer","year":"1997","unstructured":"Schafer R, Heyer T, Gantke B,et al. Anal endosonography and manometry: comparison in patients with defecation problems. Dis Colon Rectum 1997;40:293\u20137.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"BF02236703_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02051195","volume":"40","author":"JP Keating","year":"1997","unstructured":"Keating JP, Stewart PJ, Eyers AA, Warner D, Bokey EL. Are special investigations of value in the management of patients with fecal incontinence? Dis Colon Rectum 1997;40:896\u2013901.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"}],"container-title":["Diseases of the Colon & Rectum"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00003453-200548120-00032","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T15:02:01Z","timestamp":1785855721000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00003453-199942080-00018"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,8]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf02236703","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-3706"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-3706","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,8]]}}}