{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T07:41:52Z","timestamp":1771573312621,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,1,1]],"date-time":"1997-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":852076800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Biomed Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf02255594","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,22]],"date-time":"2005-11-22T15:39:30Z","timestamp":1132673970000},"page":"54-60","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Detection of HTLV-I in peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with chronic HTLV-I-associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis and asymptomatic carriers by PCR-in situ hybridization"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Walter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tanya J.","family":"Lehky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael C.","family":"Levin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cecil H.","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Jacobson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BF02255594_CR1","first-page":"42","volume-title":"Situ Hybridization \u2014 Applications to Neurobiology","author":"L Angerer","year":"1987","unstructured":"Angerer L, Stoler M, Angerer R. In situ hybridization with RNA probes: An annotated recipe. In: Valentino KL, Eberwine JH, Barchas JD, eds. In Situ Hybridization \u2014 Applications to Neurobiology. New York, Oxford University Press 42\u201370;1987."},{"key":"BF02255594_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199205213262103","volume":"326","author":"O Bagasra","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bagasra O, Hauptman S, Lischner H, Sachs M, Pomerantz R. Detection of human immunodeficiency virus type I provirus in mononuclear cells by in situ polymerase chain reaction. N Engl J Med 326:1385\u20131391;1992.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890330113","volume":"33","author":"MA Beilke","year":"1991","unstructured":"Beilke MA, In DR, Gravell M, Hamilton RS, Mora CA, Leon-Monzon M, Rodgers-Johnson PE, Gajdusek DC, Gibbs CJ Jr, Zaninovic V. In situ hybridization detection of HTLV-I RNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of TSP\/HAM patients and their spouses. J Med Virol 33:64\u201371;1991.","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6125","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.75.12.6125","volume":"75","author":"M Brahic","year":"1978","unstructured":"Brahic M, Haase A. Detection of viral sequences of low reiteration frequency by in situ hybridization. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 75:6125\u20136129;1978.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/164.6.1239-a","volume":"164","author":"M Cottler-Fox","year":"1991","unstructured":"Cottler-Fox M, Fox C. Examining cells for infectious agents: A novel approach. J Infect Dis 164:1239\u20131240;1991.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.64.3.1278-1282.1990","volume":"64","author":"S Daenke","year":"1990","unstructured":"Daenke S, Nightingale S, Cruickshank J, Bangham C. Sequence variant of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I from patients with tropical spastic paraparesis and adult T-cell leukemia do not distinguish neurological from leukemic isolates. J Virol 64:1278\u20131282;1990.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.177.6.1567","volume":"177","author":"I Elovaara","year":"1993","unstructured":"Elovaara I, Koenig S, Brewah A, Woods R, Lehky T, Jacobson S. High human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-specific precursor cytotoxic T lymphocyte frequencies in patients with HTLV-I-associated neurological disease. J Exp Med 177:1567\u20131573;1993.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR8","first-page":"55","volume-title":"PCR","author":"J Embretson","year":"1994","unstructured":"Embretson J, Staskus K, Retzel E, Haase A, Bitterman P. PCR amplification of viral DNA and viral host cell mRNAs in situ. In: Mullis KB, Ferre F, Gibbs RA, eds. PCR. Boston, Birkh\u00e4user, 55\u201364;1994."},{"key":"BF02255594_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1038\/362359a0","volume":"362","author":"J Embretson","year":"1993","unstructured":"Embretson J, Zupancic M, Ribas J, Burke A, Racz P, Tenner-Racz K, Haase A. Massive covert infection of helper T lymphocytes and macrophages by HIV during the incubation period of AIDS. Nature 362:359\u2013362;1993.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.1.357","volume":"90","author":"J Embretson","year":"1993","unstructured":"Embretson J, Zupancic M, Beneke J, Till M, Wolinsky S, Ribas JL, Burke A, Haase AT. Analysis of human immunodeficiency virus-infected tissues by amplification and in situ hybridization reveals latent and permissive infections at single-cell resolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90:357\u2013361;1993.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR11","first-page":"12.8.1","volume-title":"Current Protocols","author":"C Fox","year":"1993","unstructured":"Fox C, Cottler-Fox M. In situ hybridization for detection of HIV RNA. In: Coligan JE, Kruisbeek AM, Marguiles DM, Sherach EM, Striber W, eds. Current Protocols, New York, Wiley, 12.8.1\u201312.8.21;1993."},{"key":"BF02255594_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)92734-5","volume":"ii","author":"A Gessain","year":"1985","unstructured":"Gessain A, Barin F, Vernant JC, Gout O, Maurs L, Calender A, de The G. Antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus type-I in patients with tropical spastic paraparesis. Lancet ii:407\u2013410;1985.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V75.2.428.428","volume":"75","author":"A Gessain","year":"1990","unstructured":"Gessain A, Saal F, Gout O, Daniel MT, Flandrin G, de The G, Peries J, Sigaux F. High human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I proviral DNA load with polyclonal integration in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of French West Indian, Guianese, and African patients with tropical spastic paraparesis. Blood 75:428\u2013433;1990.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199002083220607","volume":"322","author":"O Gout","year":"1990","unstructured":"Gout O, Baulac M, Gessain A, Semah F, Saal F, Peries J, Cabrol C, Foucault-Fretz C, Laplane D, Sigaux F, et al. Rapid development of myelopathy after HTLV-I infection acquired by transfusion during cardiac transplantation. N Engl J Med 322:383\u2013388;1990.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4971","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.13.4971","volume":"87","author":"A Haase","year":"1990","unstructured":"Haase A, Retzel E, Staskus K. Amplification and detection of lentiviral DNA inside cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87:4971\u20134975;1990.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR16","first-page":"443","volume-title":"HTLV-I and the Nervous System","author":"T Hashiguchi","year":"1989","unstructured":"Hashiguchi T, Osame M, Arimura K, Fujiyama J, Furukawa Y, Kubota R, Koreeda Y, Maruyama I, Matsumoto M, Tashiro M, Sato E. Skin Manifestations in HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM): Xerosis and erythema. In: Roman GC, Vernant JC, Osame M, eds. HTLV-I and the Nervous System. New York, Allen R Liss, 443\u2013448;1989."},{"key":"BF02255594_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)90081-4","volume":"ii","author":"S Hirose","year":"1986","unstructured":"Hirose S, Uemura Y, Fujishita M, Kitagawa T, Yamashita M, Imamura J, Ohtsuki Y, Taguchi H, Miyoshi I. Isolation of HTLV-I from cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with myelopathy (letter). Lancet ii:397\u2013398;1986.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00571870","volume":"99","author":"H Hofler","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hofler H. In situ polymerase chain reaction: Toy or tool? Histochemistry 99:103\u2013104;1993.","journal-title":"Histochemistry"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199304223281608","volume":"328","author":"P Hollsberg","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hollsberg P, Hafler D. Pathogenesis of disease induced by human lymphotropic virus type I infection. N Engl J Med 328:1173\u20131182;1993.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1038\/331540a0","volume":"331","author":"S Jacobson","year":"1988","unstructured":"Jacobson S, Raine C, Mingioli E, McFarlin D. Isolation of an HTLV-I-like retrovirus from patients with tropical spastic paraparesis. Nature 331:540\u2013543;1988.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1038\/348245a0","volume":"348","author":"S Jacobson","year":"1990","unstructured":"Jacobson S, Shida H, McFarlin D, Fauci A, Koenig S. Circulating CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for HTLV-I pX in patients with HTLV-I associated neurological disease. Nature 348:245\u2013248;1990.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410320508","volume":"32","author":"S Jacobson","year":"1992","unstructured":"Jacobson S, McFarlin DE, Robinson S, Voskuhl R, Martin R, Brewah A, Newell AJ, Koenig S. HTLV-I-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with HTLV-I-associated neurological disease. Ann Neurol 32:651\u2013657;1992.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410290214","volume":"29","author":"J Kira","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kira J, Koyanagi Y, Yamada T, Itoyama Y, Goto I, Yamamoto N, Sasaki H, Sakaki Y. Increased HTLV-I proviral DNA in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy: A quantitative polymerase chain reaction study (published erratum appears in Ann Neurol 29:363;1991). Ann Neurol 29:194\u2013201;1991.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1097\/00019606-199203000-00014","volume":"1","author":"P Komminoth","year":"1992","unstructured":"Komminoth P, Long A, Ray R, Wolfe H. In situ polymerase chain reaction detection of viral DNA, single-copy genes, and gene rearrangements in cell suspensions and cytospins. Diagn Mol Pathol 1:85\u201397;1992.","journal-title":"Diagn Mol Pathol"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(93)90004-I","volume":"42","author":"R Kubota","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kubota R, Fujiyoshi T, Izumo S, Yashiki S, Maruyama I, Osame M, Sonoda S. Fluctuation of HTLV-I proviral DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy. J Neuroimmunol 42:147\u2013154;1993.","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1854","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.68.3.1854-1863.1994","volume":"68","author":"T Lehky","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lehky T, Cowan E, Lampson L, Jacobson S. Induction of HLA class I and class II expression in human T-lymphotropic virus type I-infected neuroblastoma cell. J Virology 68:1854\u20131863;1994.","journal-title":"J Virology"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410370206","volume":"37","author":"TJ Lehky","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lehky TJ, Fox CH, Koenig S, Levin MC, Flerlage N, Izumo S, Sato E, Raine CS, Osame M, Jacobson S. Detection of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) tax RNA in the central nervous system of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis patients by in situ hybridization. Ann Neurol 37:167\u2013175;1995.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.70.2.924-933.1996","volume":"70","author":"MC Levin","year":"1996","unstructured":"Levin MC, Fox RJ, Lehky T, Walter M, Fox CH, Flerlage N, Bamford R, Jacobson S. PCR-in situ hybridization detection of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-1) tax proviral DNA in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with HTLV-1-associated neurologic disease. J Virol 70:924\u2013933;1996.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V89.1.346","volume":"89","author":"MC Levin","year":"1997","unstructured":"Levin MC, Krichavsky M, Fox RJ, Lehky T, Jacobson S, Fox C, Kleghorn F, White J, Young N. Extensive latent retroviral infection in bone marrow of patients with HTLV-I associated neurologic disease. Blood 89:346\u2013348;1997.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00571876","volume":"99","author":"A Long","year":"1993","unstructured":"Long A, Komminoth P, Lee E, Wolfe H. Comparison of indirect and direct in-situ polymerase chain reaction in cell preparations and tissue section. Detection of viral DNA, gene rearrangements and chromosomal translocations. Histochemistry 99:151\u2013162;1993.","journal-title":"Histochemistry"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1097\/00019606-199203000-00007","volume":"1","author":"A Long","year":"1992","unstructured":"Long A, Mueller J, Andre-Schwartz J, Barrett K, Schwartz R, Wolfe H. High-specificity insitu hybridization. Diagn Mol Pathol 1:45\u201357;1992.","journal-title":"Diagn Mol Pathol"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.1992.tb00092.x","volume":"83","author":"M Mochizuki","year":"1992","unstructured":"Mochizuki M, Watanabe T, Yamaguchi K, Takatsuki K, Yoshimura K, Shirao M, Nakashima S, Mori S, Araki S, Miyata N. HTLV-I uveitis: A distinct clinical entity caused by HTLV-I. Jpn J Cancer Res 83:236\u2013239;1992.","journal-title":"Jpn J Cancer Res"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2621","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.12.2621","volume":"43","author":"M Nishimura","year":"1993","unstructured":"Nishimura M, McFarlin D, Jacobson S. Sequence comparisons of HTLV-I from HAM\/TSP patients and their asymptomatic spouses. Neurology 43:2621\u20132624;1993.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)90038-X","volume":"i","author":"K Nishioka","year":"1989","unstructured":"Nishioka K, Maruyama I, Sato K, Kitajima I, Nakajima Y, Osame M. Chronic inflammatory arthropathy associated with HTLV-I (letter). Lancet i:441;1989.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)91636-3","volume":"ii","author":"M Osame","year":"1986","unstructured":"Osame M, Izumo S, Igata A, Matsumoto M, Matsumoto T, Sonoda S, Tara M, Shibata Y. Blood transfusion and HTLV-I associated myelopathy (letter). Lancet ii:104\u2013105;1986.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)91298-5","volume":"i","author":"M Osame","year":"1986","unstructured":"Osame M, Usuku K, Izumo S, Ijichi N, Amitani H, Igata A, Matsumoto M, Tara M. HTLV-I associated myelopathy, a new clinical entity (letter). Lancet i:1031\u20131032;1986.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7415","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.77.12.7415","volume":"77","author":"B Poiesz","year":"1980","unstructured":"Poiesz B, Ruscetti F, Gazdar A, Bunn P, Minna J, Gallo R. Detection and isolation of type C retrovirus particles from fresh and cultured lymphocytes of a patient with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 77:7415\u20137419;1980.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(88)91452-3","volume":"i","author":"G Roman","year":"1988","unstructured":"Roman G, Osame M. Identity of HTLV-I-associated tropical spastic paraparesis and HTLV-I-associated myelopathy. Lancet i:651\u2013658;1988.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)91362-6","volume":"ii","author":"M Sugimoto","year":"1987","unstructured":"Sugimoto M, Nakashima H, Watanabe S, Uyama E, Tanaka F, Ando M, Araki S, Kawasaki S. T-lymphocyte alveolitis in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (letter). Lancet ii:1220;1987.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF02255594_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1994.tb38939.x","volume":"724","author":"M Walter","year":"1994","unstructured":"Walter M, Lehky T, Fox C, Jacobson S. In situ PCR for the detection of HTLV-1 in HAM\/TSP patients. Ann NY Acad Sci 724:404\u2013413;1994.","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"}],"container-title":["Journal of Biomedical Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF02255594.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF02255594\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.springerlink.com\/index\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF02255594","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF02255594.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,20]],"date-time":"2021-07-20T05:00:37Z","timestamp":1626757237000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF02255594"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,1]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,1]]}},"alternative-id":["BF02255594"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf02255594","relation":{},"ISSN":["1021-7770","1423-0127"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1021-7770","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0127","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,1]]}}}