{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T01:52:29Z","timestamp":1775785949288,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":110,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1992,6,1]],"date-time":"1992-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":707356800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dysphagia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf02493439","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,19]],"date-time":"2006-09-19T16:52:47Z","timestamp":1158684767000},"page":"86-101","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Can protein-calorie malnutrition cause dysphagia?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Megan S.","family":"Veldee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lana D.","family":"Peth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BF02493439_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02407219","volume":"3","author":"WJ Dodds","year":"1989","unstructured":"Dodds WJ: The physiology of swallowing.Dysphagia 3: 171\u2013178, 1989","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02407223","volume":"3","author":"JB Palmer","year":"1989","unstructured":"Palmer JB: Electromyography of the muscles of oropharyngeal swallowing: basic concepts.Dysphagia 3:192\u2013198, 1989","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02407267","volume":"4","author":"JA O'Gara","year":"1990","unstructured":"O'Gara JA: Dietary adjustments and nutritional therapy during treatment for oral-pharyngeal dysphagia.Dysphagia 4:209\u2013212, 1990","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"issue":"8580","key":"BF02493439_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(88)90360-1","volume":"1","author":"EG Gisel","year":"1988","unstructured":"Gisel EG, Patrick J: Identification of children with cerebral palsy unable to maintain a normal nutritional state.Lancet 1(8580):283\u2013286, 1988","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1177\/014860719001400160","volume":"14","author":"JV Sitzmann","year":"1990","unstructured":"Sitzmann JV: Nutritional support of the dysphagic patient: methods, risks and complications of therapy.JPEN 14:60\u201363, 1990","journal-title":"JPEN"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607180004004371","volume":"4","author":"K Moghissi","year":"1980","unstructured":"Moghissi K, Teasdale PR: Parenteral feeding in patients with carcinoma of the eosphagus treated by surgery: energy and nitrogen requirementsJPEN 4:371\u2013375, 1980","journal-title":"JPEN"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02412425","volume":"3","author":"JJ Sheppard","year":"1988","unstructured":"Sheppard JJ, Liou J, Hochman R, Laroia S, Langlois D: Nutritional correlates of individuals institutionalized with mental retardation.Dysphagia 3:85\u201389, 1988","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.5749\/j.ctv9b2tqv.15","volume-title":"The Biology of Human Starvation","author":"A Keys","year":"1950","unstructured":"Keys A, Brozek J, Henschel A, Mickelsen O, Taylor HL:The Biology of Human Starvation, vol 1, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1950, pp 184\u2013208"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3094","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1987.03390220092027","volume":"257","author":"SK Pingleton","year":"1987","unstructured":"Pingleton SK, Harmon GS: Nutritional management in acute respiratory failure.JAMA 257:3094\u20133099, 1987","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-5231(21)00509-8","volume":"9","author":"MI Lewis","year":"1988","unstructured":"Lewis MI, Lebman MJ: Nutrition and the respiratory muscles.Clin Chest Med 9:337\u2013347, 1988","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR11","first-page":"5","volume":"126","author":"NS Arora","year":"1982","unstructured":"Arora NS, Rochester DF: Respiratory muscle strength and maximal voluntary ventilation in undernourished patients.Am Rev Respir Dis 126:5\u20138, 1982","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5749\/j.ctv9b2tqv","volume-title":"The Biology of Human Starvation","author":"A Keys","year":"1950","unstructured":"Keys A, Brozek J, Henschel A, Mickelsen O, Taylor HL:The Biology of Human Starvation, vol 2 Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1950"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1542\/pedsv47is1fullS","volume":"47","author":"JDL Hansen","year":"1971","unstructured":"Hansen JDL, Freesemann C, Moodie AD, Evans DE: What does nutritional growth retardation imply?Pediatrics 47: 299\u2013313, 1971","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1097\/00004630-198503000-00016","volume":"6","author":"S Chandra","year":"1985","unstructured":"Chandra S, Chandra RK: Nutritional regulation of the immune responses: basic considerations and practical applications.JBCR 6:174\u2013178, 1985","journal-title":"JBCR"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-100-6-795","volume":"100","author":"MS Niederman","year":"1984","unstructured":"Niederman MS, Merrill WW, Ferranti RD, Pagano KM, Palmer LB, Reynolds HY: Nutritional status and bacterial binding in the lower respiratory tract in patients with chronic tracheostomy.Ann Intern Med 100:795\u2013800, 1984","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1979.01370260011001","volume":"114","author":"JL Mullen","year":"1979","unstructured":"Mullen JL, Gertner MH, Buzby GP, Goodhart GL, Rosato EF: Implications of malnutrition in the surgical patient.Arch Surg 114:121\u2013125, 1979","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR17","first-page":"169","volume":"152","author":"C Lennmarken","year":"1986","unstructured":"Lennmarken C, Larsson J: Skeletal muscle function and energy metabolites in malnourished surgical patients.Acta Chir Scand 152:169\u2013173, 1986","journal-title":"Acta Chir Scand"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1982.53.5.1234","volume":"53","author":"DB Parson","year":"1982","unstructured":"Parson DB, Riedy M, Moore RL, Gollnick PD: Acute fasting and fiber number in rat soleus muscle.J Appl Physiol 53:1234\u20131238, 1982","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19800019","volume":"44","author":"PFJ Hegarty","year":"1980","unstructured":"Hegarty PFJ, Kim KO: Changes in skeletal muscle cellularity in starved and refed young rats.Br J Nutr 44:123\u2013127, 1980","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607188012006579","volume":"12","author":"TJ Stahl","year":"1988","unstructured":"Stahl TJ, Alden PB, Madoff RD, Ring WS, Cerra FB: Cardiac beta-adrenergic responsiveness is well preserved in moderate protein caloric malnutrition from semistarvation.JPEN 12:579\u2013586, 1988","journal-title":"JPEN"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.45.1.144","volume":"45","author":"DO Nutter","year":"1979","unstructured":"Nutter DO, Murray TG, Heymsfield SB, Fuller EO: The effect of protein-calorie undernutrition in the rat on myocardial function and cardiac function.Circ Res 45:144\u2013152, 1979","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.58.3.425","volume":"58","author":"JS Gottdiener","year":"1978","unstructured":"Gottdiener JS, Gross HA, Henry WL: Effects of self-induced starvation on cardiac size and function in anorexia nervosa.Circulation 58:425\u2013433, 1978","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19850101)55:1+<238::AID-CNCR2820551306>3.0.CO;2-S","volume":"55","author":"SB Heymsfield","year":"1985","unstructured":"Heymsfield SB, McManus CB: Tissue components of weight loss in cancer patients.Cancer 55:238\u2013249, 1985","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/49.5.738","volume":"49","author":"B Dureuil","year":"1989","unstructured":"Dureuil B, Viires N, Veber B, Pavlovic D, Pariente R, Desments J, Aubier M: Acute diaphragmatic changes induced by starvation in rats.Am J Clin Nutr 49:738\u2013744, 1989","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1986.60.2.596","volume":"60","author":"MI Lewis","year":"1986","unstructured":"Lewis MI, Sieck GC, Fournier M, Belman MJ: Effect of nutritional deprivation in diaphragm contractility and muscle fiber size.J Appl Physiol 60:596\u2013603, 1986","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1985.58.4.1354","volume":"58","author":"SG Kelsen","year":"1985","unstructured":"Kelsen SG, Ference M, Kapoor S: Effects of prolonged undernutrition on structure and function of the diaphragm.J Appl Physiol 58:1354\u20131359, 1985","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1988.64.1.460","volume":"64","author":"JS Drew","year":"1988","unstructured":"Drew JS, Farkas GA, Pearson RD, Rochester DF: Effects of chronic wasting infection on skeletal muscle size and contractile properties.J Appl Physiol 64:460\u2013465, 1988","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2196","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1989.66.5.2196","volume":"66","author":"GC Sieck","year":"1989","unstructured":"Sieck GC, Lewis MI, Blanco CE: Effects of undernutrition on diaphragm fiber size, SDH activity, and fatigue resistance.J Appl Physiol 66:2196\u20132205, 1989","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0670185","volume":"67","author":"DMcR Russell","year":"1984","unstructured":"Russell DMcR, Atwood HL, Whittaker JS, Itakura T, Walker PM, Mickle DAG, Jeejeebhoy KN: The effect of fasting and hypocaloric diets on the functional and metabolic characteristics of rat gastrocnemius muscle.Clin Sci 67:185\u2013194, 1984","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(74)90010-1","volume":"15","author":"NV Raju","year":"1974","unstructured":"Raju NV: Effect of early malnutrition on muscle function and metabolism in rats.Life Sci 15:949\u2013960, 1974","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2610219","volume":"261","author":"SM Ardawi","year":"1989","unstructured":"Ardawi SM, Majzoub MF, Masored IM, Newsholme EA: Enzymatic and metabolic adaptations in the gastrocnemius, plantaris and soleus muscles of hypocaloric rats.Biochem J 261:219\u2013225, 1989","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.293.6553.983","volume":"293","author":"W Brough","year":"1986","unstructured":"Brough W, Horne G, Blount A, Irving MH, Jeejeebhoy KN: Effects of nutrient intake, surgery, sepsis and long term administration of steroids on muscle function.Br Med J 293:983\u2013988, 1986","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.293.6554.1055","volume":"293","author":"STF Chan","year":"1986","unstructured":"Chan STF, McLaughlin SJ, Ponting GA, Biglin J, Dudley HAF: Muscle power after glucose-potassium loading in undernourished patients.Br Med J 293:1055\u20131056, 1986","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/44.6.761","volume":"44","author":"HM Shizgal","year":"1986","unstructured":"Shizgal HM, Vasilersky CA, Gardiner PF, Wang W, Tuitt DAQ, Brabant GV: Nutritional assessment and skeletal muscle function.Am J Clin Nutr 44:761\u2013771, 1986","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/38.2.229","volume":"38","author":"DM Russell","year":"1983","unstructured":"Russell DM, Prendergast PJ, Darby PL, Gartinkel PE, Whitwell J, Jeejeebhoy KN: A comparison between muscle function and body composition in anorexia nervosa: the effect of refeeding.Am J Clin Nutr 38:229\u2013237, 1983","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/37.1.133","volume":"37","author":"DMcR Russell","year":"1983","unstructured":"Russell DMcR, Leiter LA, Whitwell J, Marliss EB, Jeejeebhoy KN: Skeletal muscle function during hypocaloric diets and fasting: a comparison with standard nutritional assessment parameters.Am J Clin Nutr 37:133\u2013138, 1983","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/36.4.602","volume":"36","author":"J Lopes","year":"1982","unstructured":"Lopes J, Russell DMcR, Whitwell J, Jeejeebhoy KN: Skeletal muscle function in malnutrition.Am J Clin Nutr 36: 602\u2013610, 1982","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.36.3.164","volume":"36","author":"J Moxham","year":"1981","unstructured":"Moxham J, Morris AJR, Spiro SG: Contractile properties and fatigue of the diaphragm in man.Thorax 36:164\u2013168, 1981","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR39","first-page":"5","volume":"126","author":"NS Arora","year":"1982","unstructured":"Arora NS, Rochester DF: Respiratory muscle strength and maximal voluntary ventilation in undernourished patients.Am Rev Respir Dis 126:5\u20138, 1982","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/34.5.238","volume":"34","author":"MMA Faridi","year":"1988","unstructured":"Faridi MMA, Ansari Z, Tyagi SP: Skeletal muscle changes in protein energy malnutrition.J Trop Pediatr 34:238\u2013243, 1988","journal-title":"J Trop Pediatr"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR41","first-page":"23","volume":"41","author":"OSM Marin","year":"1962","unstructured":"Marin OSM, Denny-Brown D: Changes in skeletal muscle associated with cachexia.Am J Path 41: 23\u201339, 1962","journal-title":"Am J Path"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1979.sp013016","volume":"296","author":"G Goldspink","year":"1979","unstructured":"Goldspink G, Ward PS: Changes in rodent muscle fibre types during post-natal growth, undernutrition and exercise.J Physiol (Lond) 296:453\u2013469, 1979","journal-title":"J Physiol (Lond)"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4804(89)90160-1","volume":"46","author":"Y Fong","year":"1989","unstructured":"Fong Y, Moldawer LL, Marano MA, Wei, H, Barber A, Fischman DA, Lowry SF: Starvation leads to decreased levels of mRNA for myofibrillar proteins.J Surg Res 46: 457\u2013461, 1989","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/119.3.471","volume":"119","author":"M Kaowaki","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kaowaki M, Harada N, Takahashi S, Hoguchi R, Naito H: Differential regulation of the degradation of myofibrillar and total proteins in skeletal muscle in rats: effect of streptozotocin-induced diabetes, dietary protein and starvation.J Nutr 119:471\u2013477, 1989","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR45","first-page":"510","volume-title":"Textbook of Physiology","author":"MD Binder","year":"1989","unstructured":"Binder MD: Properties of motor units. In Patton HD, Fuchs AF, Hille B, Scher AM, Steiner R (eds):Textbook of Physiology, vol 1. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 1989, pp 510\u2013521"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(89)80777-X","volume":"250","author":"GS Denyer","year":"1989","unstructured":"Denyer GS, Lam D, Cooney GJ, Caterson ID: Effect of starvation and insulin in vivo on the activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in rat skeletal muscle.FEBS Lett 250:464\u2013468, 1989","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2580529","volume":"258","author":"MJ Holness","year":"1989","unstructured":"Holness MJ, Sugden MC: Pyruvate dehydrogenase activities during the fed-to-starved transition and on re-feeding after acute or prolonged starvation.Biochem J 258:529\u2013533, 1989","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/39.4.503","volume":"39","author":"DMcR Russell","year":"1984","unstructured":"Russell DMcR, Walker PM, Leiter LA, Sims AAF, Tanner WK, Mickle DAG, Whitwell J, Maliss EB, Jeejeebhoy KN: Metabolic and structural changes in skeletal muscle during hypocaloric dieting.Am J Clin Nutr 39:503\u2013513, 1984","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(76)90540-4","volume":"60","author":"CD Saudek","year":"1976","unstructured":"Saudek CD, Felig P: The metabolic events of starvation.Am J Med 60:117\u2013126, 1976","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/109.2.307","volume":"109","author":"JS Chopra","year":"1986","unstructured":"Chopra JS, Dhand UK, Mehta S, Bakshi V, Raria S, Helita J: Effect of protein calorie malnutrition on peripheral nerves, a clinical, electrophysiological and histopathological study.Brain 109:307\u2013323, 1986","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"BF02493439_CR51","first-page":"135","volume":"73","author":"JS Chopra","year":"1979","unstructured":"Chopra JS, Mehta S, Kaur U, Bakshi V: Clinical, electrophysical and histopathological study of peripheral nerves in protein calorie nutrition.Acta Neuro Scand [Suppl]73: 135, 1979","journal-title":"Acta Neuro Scand"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2990.1977.tb00601.x","volume":"3","author":"JDJ Dastur","year":"1977","unstructured":"Dastur JDJ, Dewan A, Manghani DK, Udani PM: Quantitative histology of nerve in protein-calorie malnutrition and well nourished children.Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 3:405\u2013422, 1977","journal-title":"Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.42.8.760","volume":"42","author":"S Ghosh","year":"1979","unstructured":"Ghosh S, Vaid K, Mohan M, Maheshwari MC: Effect of degree and duration of protein energy malnutrition on peripheral nerves in children.J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 42:760\u2013763, 1979","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(77)80791-9","volume":"90","author":"A Kumar","year":"1977","unstructured":"Kumar A, Ghai OP, Singh N: Delayed nerve conduction velocities in children with protein-calorie malnutrition.J Pediatr 90:149\u2013153, 1977","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR55","first-page":"109","volume":"2","author":"BO Osuntokun","year":"1971","unstructured":"Osuntokun BO: Motor nerve conduction in kwashiorkor (protein-calorie deficiency) before and after treatment.African J Med Med Sci 2:109\u2013119, 1971","journal-title":"African J Med Med Sci"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR56","first-page":"381","volume":"16","author":"N Singh","year":"1976","unstructured":"Singh N, Kumar A, Ghai OP: Conduction velocity of motor nerves in children suffering from protein-calorie malnutrition and marasmus.Electromyogra Neurophysiol 16:381\u2013392, 1976","journal-title":"Electromyogra Neurophysiol"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.21.8.801","volume":"21","author":"KK Sachdev","year":"1971","unstructured":"Sachdev KK, Taori GM, Pereira SM: Neuromuscular status in protein-calorie malnutrition.Neurology 21:801\u2013805, 1971","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1969.tb01416.x","volume":"11","author":"BS Platt","year":"1969","unstructured":"Platt BS, Stewart RJC: Effects of protein-calorie deficiency on dogs II. Morphological changes in the nervous system.Dev Med Child Neurol 11:174\u2013192, 1969","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.48.10.757","volume":"48","author":"J Dobbing","year":"1973","unstructured":"Dobbing J, Sands J: Qualitative growth and development of human brain.Arch Dis Child 48:757\u2013767, 1973","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR60","unstructured":"Reved B: Contributions to the knowledge of the postnatal development of the peripheral nervous system in man. A study of the basis and scope of systematic investigations into the fibre size in peripheral nerves,Acta Psychiatrica et Neurologica [Suppl 33], 1944."},{"key":"BF02493439_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.18.4.335","volume":"18","author":"RH Mattson","year":"1968","unstructured":"Mattson RH, Lecocq FL: Nerve conduction velocities in fasting patients.Neurology 18:335, 1968","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR62","first-page":"205","volume":"3","author":"J Idiaquez","year":"1988","unstructured":"Idiaquez J: Nutritional status and autonomic nervous system function.Funct Neurol 3:205\u2013209, 1988","journal-title":"Funct Neurol"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197608122950703","volume":"295","author":"RC Doekel","year":"1976","unstructured":"Doekel RC, Zwillich CW, Scoggin CH, Dryger M, Weil JV: Clinical semi-starvation. Depression of hypoxic ventilatory response.N Eng J Med 295:358\u2013361, 1976.","journal-title":"N Eng J Med"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR64","first-page":"R284","volume":"255","author":"T Sakaguchi","year":"1988","unstructured":"Sakaguchi T, Arase K, Fisher JS, Bray GA: Effect of starvation and food intake on sympathetic activity.Am J Physiol 255:R284\u2013288, 1988","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197806082982306","volume":"298","author":"L Landsber","year":"1978","unstructured":"Landsber L, Young JB: Fasting, feeding and regulation of the sympathetic nervous system.N Engl J Med 298:1295\u20131301, 1978","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(72)90152-9","volume":"17","author":"S Roy","year":"1972","unstructured":"Roy S, Singh N, Deo MG, Ramalingaswami V: Ultrastructure of skeletal muscle and peripheral nerve in experimental protein deficiency and its correlation with nerve conduction studies.J Neurol Sci 17:399\u2013409, 1972","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00689404","volume":"54","author":"A Oldfors","year":"1981","unstructured":"Oldfors A: Nerve fibre degeneration of the central and peripheral nervous system in severe protein deprivation in rats.Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 54:121\u2013127, 1981","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol (Berl)"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1691","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(76)90400-7","volume":"25","author":"RJ Wurtman","year":"1976","unstructured":"Wurtman RJ, Fernstrom JD: Control of brain neurotransmitter synthesis by precursor availability and nutritional state.Biochem Pharmacol 25:1691\u20131696, 1976","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(85)90665-X","volume":"118","author":"JP Kessler","year":"1985","unstructured":"Kessler JP, Jean A: Inhibitor of the swallowing reflex by local application of seratonergic agents into the nucleus of the solitary tract.Eur J Pharmacol 118:77\u201385, 1985","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(86)90117-5","volume":"65","author":"JP Kessler","year":"1986","unstructured":"Kessler JP, Jean A: Inhibitory influence of monoamines and brainstem monaminergic regions of the medullary swallowing reflex.Neurosci Lett 65:41\u201346, 1986","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(86)90142-3","volume":"386","author":"JP Kessler","year":"1986","unstructured":"Kessler JP, Jean A: Effect of catecholamines on the swallowing reflex after pressure microinjections into the lateral solitary complex of the medulla oblongata.Brain Res 386: 69\u201377, 1986","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/31.5.769","volume":"31","author":"GA Bray","year":"1978","unstructured":"Bray GA, Greenway FL, Molitch ME, Dahms WT, Atkinson RL, Hamilton K: Use of anthropometric measures to assess weight loss.Am J Clin Nutr 31:769\u2013773, 1978","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1177\/014860717700100111","volume":"1","author":"GL Blackburn","year":"1977","unstructured":"Blackburn GL, Bistrian BR, Maini BS, Schlamm HT, Smith MF: Nutritional and metabolic assessment of the hospitalized patient.JPEN 1:11\u201322, 1977","journal-title":"JPEN"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1936.02770060032009","volume":"106","author":"HO Studley","year":"1936","unstructured":"Studley HO: Percentage of weight loss: a basic indicator of surgical risk in patients with chronic peptic ulcer.JAMA 106:458, 1936","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0630519","volume":"63","author":"MJ Rennie","year":"1984","unstructured":"Rennie MJ, Edwards RHT, Halliday D, Matthews DE, Wolman SE: Muscle protein synthesis measured by stable isotope techniques in man: the effects of feeding and fasting.Clin Sci 63:519\u2013523, 1984","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR76","first-page":"161","volume-title":"Manual of Nutritional Therapeutics","author":"DH Alpers","year":"1983","unstructured":"Alpers DH, Clouse RE, Stenson WF:Manual of Nutritional Therapeutics. Boston: Little, Brown, 1983, pp 161\u2013186"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1016\/S1094-7159(21)03562-5","volume":"77","author":"GE Gray","year":"1980","unstructured":"Gray GE, Gray LK: Anthropometric measurements and their interpretation: principles, practices and problems.J Am Diet Assoc 77:534\u2013539, 1980","journal-title":"J Am Diet Assoc"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73S","DOI":"10.1177\/014860718701100510","volume":"11","author":"M Walser","year":"1987","unstructured":"Walser M: Creatinine excretion as a measure of protein nutrition in adults of varying ages.JPEN 11:73S-78S, 1987","journal-title":"JPEN"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(75)90379-4","volume":"63","author":"Y Ingenbleek","year":"1975","unstructured":"Ingenbleek Y, Van Den Schrieck HG, De Nayer P, De Visscher M: Albumin, transferrin and thyroxin binding prealbumin retinol binding protein (TBPA-RBP) complex in assessment of malnutrition.Clin Chim Acta 63:61\u201367, 1975","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1079\/PNS19820055","volume":"41","author":"YA Carpenteir","year":"1982","unstructured":"Carpenteir YA, Bruyns J, Barthel J: Plasma protein concentration in nutritional assessment.Proc Nutr Soc 41:405\u2013417, 1982","journal-title":"Proc Nutr Soc"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/30.8.1286","volume":"30","author":"MH Haider","year":"1984","unstructured":"Haider MH, Haider SQ: Assessment of protein-calorie malnutrition.Clin Chem 30:1286\u20131299, 1984","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8223(21)02227-6","volume":"89","author":"MF Winkler","year":"1989","unstructured":"Winkler MF, Gerrior SA, Pomp A, Albina JE: Use of retinol-binding protein and prealbumin as indicators of the response to nutritional therapy.J Am Diet Assoc 89:684\u2013687, 1989","journal-title":"J Am Diet Assoc"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR83","first-page":"155","volume-title":"Dynamics of Nutrition Support\u2014Assessment, Implementation, Evaluation","author":"RL Murray","year":"1986","unstructured":"Murray RL: Interpreting the nutrition assessment. In Krey SH, Murray RL (eds):Dynamics of Nutrition Support\u2014Assessment, Implementation, Evaluation, Norwalk, Connecticut: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1986, pp 155\u2013174"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607184008005523","volume":"8","author":"AM Roza","year":"1984","unstructured":"Roza AM, Tuitt D, Shizgal HM: Transferrin\u2014a poor measure of nutritional status.JPEN 8:523\u2013528, 1984","journal-title":"JPEN"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1177\/014860718200600150","volume":"6","author":"P Twomey","year":"1982","unstructured":"Twomey P, Ziegler D, Rombeau J: Utility of skin testing in nutritional assessment: a critical review.JPEN 6:50\u201358, 1982","journal-title":"JPEN"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70S","DOI":"10.1177\/014860718701100509","volume":"11","author":"L Dominioni","year":"1987","unstructured":"Dominioni L, Dionigi R: Immunologic function and nutritional assessment.JPEN 11:70S-72S, 1987","journal-title":"JPEN"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/24\/2\/001","volume":"24","author":"RHT Edwards","year":"1979","unstructured":"Edwards RHT: Physiological and metabolic studies of contractile machinery of human muscle in health and disease.Phys Med Biol 24:237\u2013249, 1979","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.281.6245.899","volume":"281","author":"AM Klidjian","year":"1980","unstructured":"Klidjian AM, Foster KJ, Kammerling RM, Cooper A, Karran SJ: Relation of anthropometric and dynamometric variable to serious postoperative complications.Br Med J 281: 899\u2013901, 1980","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR89","first-page":"585","volume":"68","author":"DAK Watters","year":"1985","unstructured":"Watters DAK, Kaffejee AA, Angorn EB, Duffy KJ: Nutritional assessment by hand grip dynamometry.S Afr Med J 68:585\u2013587, 1985","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109S","DOI":"10.1177\/014860718701100517","volume":"11","author":"DT Dempsey","year":"1987","unstructured":"Dempsey DT, Mullen JL: Prognostic value of nutritional indices.JPEN 11:109S-114S, 1987","journal-title":"JPEN"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607179003003157","volume":"3","author":"MH Seltzer","year":"1979","unstructured":"Seltzer MH, Bastidas A, Cooper DM, Engler P, Slocum B, Fletcher HS: Instant nutritional assessment.JPEN 3:157\u2013159, 1979","journal-title":"JPEN"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1177\/014860718100500170","volume":"5","author":"MH Seltzer","year":"1981","unstructured":"Seltzer MH, Fletcher HS, Slocum BA, Engler PE: Instant nutritional assessment in the intensive care unit.JPEN, 5: 70\u201372, 1981","journal-title":"JPEN"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR93","first-page":"80","volume":"30","author":"JL Mullen","year":"1972","unstructured":"Mullen JL, Buzby GP, Waldman MT, Gerther MH, Hobbs SL, Rosato EF: Prediction of operative morbidity and mortality by preoperative nutritional assessment.Surg Forum 30:80\u201382, 1972","journal-title":"Surg Forum"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(80)90246-9","volume":"139","author":"GP Buzby","year":"1980","unstructured":"Buzby GP, Mullen JL, Matthews DC, Hobbs CL, Rosato EF: Prognostic nutritional index in gastrointestinal surgery.Am J Surg 139:160\u2013167, 1980","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1177\/014860718701100108","volume":"11","author":"AS Detsky","year":"1987","unstructured":"Detsky AS, McLaughlin JR, Baker JP, Johnson N, Whittaker S, Mendelson RA, Jeejeebhoy KN: What is subjective global assessment of nutritional status?JPEN 11:8\u201313, 1987","journal-title":"JPEN"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198204223061606","volume":"306","author":"JP Baker","year":"1982","unstructured":"Baker JP, Detsky AS, Wesson DE, Wolman SL, Stewart S, Whitewell J, Langer B, Jeejeebhoy KN: Nutritional assessment. A comparison of clinical judgement and objective measurement.N Engl J Med 306:969\u2013972, 1982","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198412000-00013","volume":"200","author":"BS Linn","year":"1984","unstructured":"Linn BS: A protein energy malnutrition scale (PEMS).Ann Surg 200:747\u2013752, 1984","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607189013006603","volume":"13","author":"M Goldstein","year":"1989","unstructured":"Goldstein M, Meyer S, Freund HK: Effects of overfeeding in children with muscle dystrophies.JPEN 13:603\u2013607, 1989","journal-title":"JPEN"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1986.tb03925.x","volume":"28","author":"J Patrick","year":"1986","unstructured":"Patrick J, Boland M, Stoski D, Murray GE: Rapid correction of wasting in children with cerebral palsy.Dev Med Child Neurol 28:734\u2013739, 1986","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1982.52.1.64","volume":"52","author":"NS Arora","year":"1982","unstructured":"Arora NS, Rochester DF: Effect of body weight and muscularity on human diaphragm muscle mass, thickness and area.J Appl Physiol 52:64\u201370, 1982","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR101","first-page":"9","volume":"10","author":"C Asbeck","year":"1988","unstructured":"Asbeck C, Burns BL: Nutritional management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Dietitians in Nutrition Support 10: 9\u201311, 1988","journal-title":"Dietitians in Nutrition Support"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR102","first-page":"195","volume-title":"Manual of Clinical Dietetics","author":"MS Veldee","year":"1988","unstructured":"Veldee MS, Miller RM: Dietary considerations for dysphagia. InManual of Clinical Dietetics. Chicago: American Dietetic Association, 1988, pp 195\u2013200"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02412327","volume":"1","author":"ST Coster","year":"1987","unstructured":"Coster ST, Schwartz WH: Rheology and the swallow-safe bolus.Dysphagia 1:113\u2013118, 1987","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02406920","volume":"1","author":"ME Groher","year":"1987","unstructured":"Groher ME: Bolus management and aspiration pneumonia in patients with pseudobulbar dysphagia.Dysphagia 1:215\u2013216, 1987","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR105","first-page":"575","volume":"32","author":"GG Ghahremain","year":"1986","unstructured":"Ghahremain GG, Gould RJ: Nasoenteric feeding tubes: radiographic detection of complications.Dig Dis Sci 32: 575\u2013585, 1986","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR106","first-page":"616","volume":"90","author":"AH McArdle","year":"1981","unstructured":"McArdle AH, Palmason ART, Morency I, Brown RA: A rationale for enteral feeding as preferable route for hyperalimentation.Surgery 90:616\u2013623, 1981","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607190014004353","volume":"14","author":"S Jacobs","year":"1990","unstructured":"Jacobs S, Chang RWS, Lee B, Bartkett FW: Continuous enteral feeding: a major cause of pneumonia among ventilated intensive care unit patients.JPEN 14:353\u2013356, 1990","journal-title":"JPEN"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607184008002187","volume":"8","author":"JA Ryan","year":"1984","unstructured":"Ryan JA, Page CP: Intrajejunal feeding: development and current status.JPEN 8:187\u2013198, 1984","journal-title":"JPEN"},{"issue":"8475","key":"BF02493439_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)90772-5","volume":"1","author":"MP Boland","year":"1986","unstructured":"Boland MP, Stoski DS, MacDonald NE, Soucy P, Patrick J: Chronic jejunostomy feeding with a non-elemental formula in undernourished patients with cystic fibrosis.Lancet 1(8475):232\u2013234, 1986","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF02493439_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(87)80651-6","volume":"22","author":"MP Boland","year":"1987","unstructured":"Boland MP, Patrick J, Stoski DS, Soucy P: Permanent enteral feeding in cystic fibrosis: advantages of a replaceable jejunostomy tube.J Pediatr Surg 22:843\u2013847, 1987","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"}],"container-title":["Dysphagia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF02493439.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF02493439\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF02493439","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T22:53:37Z","timestamp":1736549617000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF02493439"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,6]]},"references-count":110,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,6]]}},"alternative-id":["BF02493439"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf02493439","relation":{},"ISSN":["0179-051X","1432-0460"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0179-051X","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0460","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,6]]}}}