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Experiments were performed to test the hypothesis that the initial event of oleic acid lung injury is damage of the pulmonary vascular endothelium by oleic acid, with subsequent pulmonary damage and inflammation. Oleic acid levels were followed in the lung and other tissues by measuring accumulation of<jats:sup>14<\/jats:sup>C\u2010oleic acid; the direct effects of oleic acid and other fatty acids on rat endothelial cells, alveolar type II cells, and hepatocytes in culture were determined. Lung tissue from treated rats was also examined by light and electron microscopy for evidence of endothelial cell damage. At 30 min after injury, oleic acid reached high concentrations in lung tissue as demonstrated by presence of radiolabel (3.24\u00d710<jats:sup>\u22126<\/jats:sup> moles per gram of tissue), with counts in the lung nearly an order of magnitude greater than in any other organ measured. Oleic acid was present in the lung mostly as free fatty acid (85%), and was also present in the alveolar fluid supernatans, rather than being cell\u2010associated (1.7\u00d710<jats:sup>\u22127<\/jats:sup> moles vs. 1.1\u00d710<jats:sup>\u22128<\/jats:sup> moles at 30 min). Oleic acid was toxic to endothelial cells after one minute of exposure at concentrations of 5\u00d710<jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>M and above. Electron microscopy showed endothelial cell changes as early as 10 min after induction of injury<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>, including the presence of endothelial cell blebbing. The results of these studies suggest that the initial event in oleic acid lung injury is damage to the pulmonary vascular endothelial cell.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/bf02533957","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,22]],"date-time":"2006-11-22T04:46:16Z","timestamp":1164170776000},"page":"817-823","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Pathogenesis of oleic acid\u2010induced lung injury in the rat: Distribution of oleic acid during injury and early endothelial cell changes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Greg","family":"Beilman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Internal Medicine University of Kansas School of Medicine\u2010Wichita Wichita Kansas 67214"},{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1995,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(67)90168-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","first-page":"376","article-title":"Oleic Acid Lung Induced Lung Injury in the Rat: Failure of Indomethacin Treatment or Complement Depletion to Ablate Lung Injury","volume":"103","author":"Dickey B.F.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am. 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