{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T10:31:08Z","timestamp":1761647468433,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12Part2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1991,12,1]],"date-time":"1991-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":691545600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lipids"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of the present study was to determine whether increased levels of platelet\u2010activating factor (PAF) type activity can be detected in plasma from patients with septicemia and other diseases. A level of PAF below 0.5 ng\/mL of plasma was considered normal. We found that plasma from a patient with adverse anaphylactoidic reaction to intravenous analgetics contained 2.1 ng PAF\/mL. In seven patients with septicemia, including urosepsis, endocarditis and peritonitis, and with positive blood culture, increased plasma PAF levels (1\u201320 ng PAF\/mL) were observed. Other patients with clinical indications of septicemia had negative blood cultures and\/or increased levels of C\u2010reactive protein (CRP). Yet, in the plasma from these patients, no increased PAF levels were detected under the assay conditions used. Two patients with allergic asthma, requiring treatment with steroids, had no measurable plasma PAF. In the plasma from a patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) only an \u201cendogenous\u201d inhibitor of PAF induced platelet aggregation was initially observed. In spite of this, the patient responded to treatment with the PAF antagonist WEB 2086 with a dramatic increase in platelet count (Lohmann<jats:italic>et al., Lancet ii<\/jats:italic>, 1147, 1988). Thereafter, also increased PAF levels (3.3 ng PAF\/mL) were detected in plasma, although some \u201cendogenous\u201d inhibitor of PAF was still present. In conclusion, increased PAF levels in plasma from patients support a role of PAF in certain human disease states, such as in anaphylactoid reaction, sepsis and septic shock. The type, relevance and specificity of endogenous inhibitors of PAF deserve further study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/bf02536571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,3]],"date-time":"2007-02-03T20:35:06Z","timestamp":1170534906000},"page":"1381-1385","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Platelet\u2010activating factor type activity in plasma from patients with septicemia and other diseases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Hubert O.","family":"Heuer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Boehringer Ingelheim KG Ingelheim 6507 Germany"},{"name":"Dept. of Pharmacology Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. P.O. Box 368 900 Ridgebury Road Ridgefield CT 06877\u20100368"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harald","family":"Darius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Clinic of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Mainz 6500 Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helmut F.","family":"Lohmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Pharmacology Center Boehringer Ingelheim KG Ingelheim 6507 Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juergen","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Clinic of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Mainz 6500 Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Schierenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Clinic of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Mainz 6500 Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Treese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Clinic of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Mainz 6500 Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1991,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(85)80014-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI112980"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-3848(87)90396-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114074"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_1","unstructured":"Schierenberg M. 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