{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T22:18:46Z","timestamp":1782512326704,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,12,1]],"date-time":"1996-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":849398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Res. Exp. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf02576864","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,22]],"date-time":"2007-03-22T23:35:32Z","timestamp":1174606532000},"page":"389-398","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Oxidant scavenger function of ambroxol in vitro: a comparison withN-acetylcysteine"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"196","author":[{"given":"Adrian","family":"Gillissen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birgit","family":"Sch\u00e4rling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Jaworska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Almut","family":"Bartling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kurt","family":"Rasche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Schultze-Werninghaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BF02576864_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1159\/000195761","volume":"55","author":"C Grassi","year":"1989","unstructured":"Grassi C (1989) Prevention of chronic exacerbations with ambroxol (mucosolvan retard): an open, long-term study in 5635 patients. Respiration 55:84\u201396","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.92.4.618","volume":"92","author":"GH Guyatt","year":"1987","unstructured":"Guyatt GH, Townsend M, Kazim F, Newhouse MT (1987) A controlled trial of ambroxol in chronic bronchitis. Chest 92:618\u2013621","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01997619","volume":"31","author":"M Bianchi","year":"1990","unstructured":"Bianchi M, Mantovani A, Erroi A, Dinarello CA, Ghezzi P (1990) Ambroxol inhibits interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor production in human mononuclear cells. Agents Actions 31:275\u2013279","journal-title":"Agents Actions"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR4","first-page":"14","volume":"10","author":"D Nowak","year":"1993","unstructured":"Nowak D, Pietras T, Antczak A, Krol M (1993) Inhibition of endotoxin-induced lipid peroxidation by ambroxol in mice. Lung Respir 10:14\u201315","journal-title":"Lung Respir"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR5","first-page":"57S","volume":"3","author":"RR Wauer","year":"1989","unstructured":"Wauer RR, Schmalish G, Hammer H, Buttenberg S, Weigel H, Huth M (1989) Ambroxol for prevention and treatment of hyaline membrane disease. Eur Respir J 3:57S-65S","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1159\/000139225","volume":"49","author":"D Lapenna","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lapenna D, de Gioia S, Ciofani G, Cuccurullo F (1994) Ambroxol is a scavenger of hypochlorous acid and monochloramine. Pharmacology 49:132\u2013135","journal-title":"Pharmacology"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.94.07091629","volume":"7","author":"D Nowak","year":"1994","unstructured":"Nowak D, Antczak A, Pietras T, Bialasiewicz P, Krol M (1994) Protective effect of ambroxol against heat- and hydrogen peroxide-induced damage to lung lipids in mice. Eur Respir J 7:1629\u20131634","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(94)90130-9","volume":"16","author":"D Nowak","year":"1994","unstructured":"Nowak D, Antczak A, Krol M, Bialasiewicz P, Pietras T (1994) Antioxidant properties of ambroxol. Free Radic Biol Med 16:517\u2013522","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.104.3.811","volume":"104","author":"A Gillissen","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gillissen A, Roum JH, Hoyt RF, Crystal RG (1993) Augmentation of respiratory epithelial lining fluid antioxidant screen by aerosolization of recombinant human Cu++\/Zn++ superoxide dismutase. Chest 104:811\u2013815","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1993.75.2.825","volume":"75","author":"A Gillissen","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gillissen A, Birrer P, Buhl R, Vogelmeier C, Hoyt RF, McElvaney NG, Hubbard RC, Crystal RG (1993) Recombinant secretory leukoprotease inhibitor augments glutathione levels in respiratory epithelial lining fluid. J Appl Physiol 75:825\u2013832","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.152.3.7663783","volume":"152","author":"A Meyer","year":"1995","unstructured":"Meyer A, Buhl R, Kampf S, Magnussen H (1995) IntravenousN-acetylcysteine and lung glutathione of patients with pulmonary fibrosis and normals. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 152:1055\u20131060","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)90350-X","volume":"338","author":"Z Borok","year":"1991","unstructured":"Borok Z, Buhl R, Grimes GJ, Bokser AD, Hubbard RC, Holroyd KJ, Roum JH, Czerski DB, Cantin AM, Crystal RG (1991) Effect of glutathione aerosol on oxidant-antioxidant imbalance in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Lancet 338:215\u2013216","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1992.tb12238.x","volume":"81","author":"H Bibi","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bibi H, Seifert B, Oullette M, Belik J (1992) IntratrachealN-acetylcysteine use in infants with chronic lung disease. Acta Paediatr 81:335\u2013339","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(95)00028-V","volume":"19","author":"D Nowak","year":"1995","unstructured":"Nowak D, Pierscinski G, Drzewoski J (1995) Ambroxol inhibits doxorubicin-induced lipid peroxidation in heart of mice. Free Radic Biol Med 19:659\u2013663","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(94)33008-5","volume-title":"Oxygen radicals in biological systems, part C (Methods in enzymology)","author":"OI Aruoma","year":"1994","unstructured":"Aruoma OI (1994) Deoxyribose assay for detecting hydroxyl radicals. In: Packer L (ed), Oxygen radicals in biological systems, part C (Methods in enzymology). Academic Press, New York, pp 57\u201366"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-4439(91)90099-U","volume":"1097","author":"J Arnold","year":"1991","unstructured":"Arnold J, Hammerschmidt S, Arnold K (1991) Role of functional groups of human plasma and luminol in scavenging of HOCl and neutrophil-derived hypochlorous acid. Biochim Biophys Acta 1097:145\u2013151","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(94)33018-2","volume-title":"Oxygen radicals in biological systems, part C (Methods in enzymology)","author":"N Gotoh","year":"1994","unstructured":"Gotoh N, Niki E (1994) Measurements of superoxide reaction by chemiluminescence. In: Packer L (ed) Oxygen radicals in biological systems, part C (Methods in enzymology), Academic Press, New York, pp 154\u2013160"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(88)90176-1","volume":"37","author":"RD Issels","year":"1988","unstructured":"Issels RD, Nagele A, Eckert K-G, Wilmanns W (1988) Promotion of cystine uptake and its utilization for glutathione biosynthesis induced by cysteamine andN-acetylcysteine. Biochem Pharmacol 37:881\u2013888","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S0954-6111(06)80220-9","volume":"86","author":"M Dueholm","year":"1992","unstructured":"Dueholm M, Nielsen C, Thorshauge H, Evald T, Hansen N-C, Madsen HD, Maltbaek N (1992)N-acetylcysteine by metered dose inhaler in the treatment of chronic bronchitis: a multi-centre study. Respir Med 86:89\u201392","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(96)00431-6","volume":"14","author":"K Felix","year":"1996","unstructured":"Felix K, Pairet M, Zimmermann R (1996) The antioxidative activity of the mucoregulator ambroxol: a pulse radiolysis study. Life Sci 14:1141\u20131147","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR21","first-page":"1048","volume-title":"Advanced organic chemistry: reactions, mechanisms and structure","author":"J March","year":"1985","unstructured":"March J (1985) Oxidation and reductions. In: March J (ed) Advanced organic chemistry: reactions, mechanisms and structure. Wiley, New York, pp 1048\u20131120"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR22","volume-title":"Lehrbuch der organischen Chemie","author":"H Beyer","year":"1984","unstructured":"Beyer H, Walter W (1984) Lehrbuch der organischen Chemie. S. Hirzel Verlag, Stuttgart"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR23","first-page":"77","volume-title":"Drugs in bronchial mucology","author":"GP Ventresca","year":"1989","unstructured":"Ventresca GP, Cicchetti V, Ferrari V (1989) Acetylcysteine. In: Braga PC, Allegra L (eds) Drugs in bronchial mucology. Raven Press, New York, pp 77\u2013102"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR24","first-page":"121","volume-title":"Oxygen radicals in biological systems. (Methods in enzymology)","author":"H Aebi","year":"1988","unstructured":"Aebi H (1988) Catalase in vitro. In: Packer L (ed) Oxygen radicals in biological systems. (Methods in enzymology). Academic Press, Orlando, pp 121\u2013126"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(89)90066-X","volume":"6","author":"OI Aruoma","year":"1989","unstructured":"Aruoma OI, Halliwell B, Hoey BM, Butler J (1989) The antioxidant action ofN-acetylcysteine: its reaction with hydrogen peroxide, hydroxylradical, superoxide, and hypochlorous acid. Free Radic Biol Med 6:593\u2013597","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00609183","volume":"36","author":"JM Burgunder","year":"1989","unstructured":"Burgunder JM, Varriale A, Lauterburg BH (1989) Effect ofN-acetyl cysteine on plasma cysteine and glutathione following paracetamol administration. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 36:127\u2013131","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR27","first-page":"73","volume":"70","author":"IA Cotgreave","year":"1987","unstructured":"Cotgreave IA, Eklund A, Larsson K, Mold\u00e9us PW (1987) No penetration of orally administeredN-acetylcysteine into bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Eur J Respir Dis 70:73\u201377","journal-title":"Eur J Respir Dis"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.46.1.39","volume":"46","author":"MME Bridgeman","year":"1991","unstructured":"Bridgeman MME, Marsden M, MacNee W, Flenley DC, Ryle AP (1991) Cysteine and glutathione concentrations in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after treatment withN-acetylcysteine. Thorax 46:39\u201342","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.94.07030431","volume":"7","author":"A Meyer","year":"1994","unstructured":"Meyer A, Buhl R, Magnussen H (1994) The effect of oralN-acetylcysteine on lung glutathione levels in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Eur Respir J 7:431\u2013436","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.93.02020116","volume":"2","author":"PD Wagner","year":"1989","unstructured":"Wagner PD, Mathieu-Costello O, Bebaut DE, Gray AT, Natterson PD, Glennow C (1989) Protection against pulmonary O2 toxicity byN-acetylcysteine. Eur Respir J 2:116\u2013126","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR31","first-page":"1086","volume":"28","author":"A Henderson","year":"1994","unstructured":"Henderson A, Hayes P (1994) Acetylcysteine as a cytoprotective antioxidant in patients with severe sepsis: potential new use for an old drug. Crit Care 28:1086\u20131088","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR32","first-page":"279","volume":"6","author":"R Ruffmann","year":"1991","unstructured":"Ruffmann R, Wendel A (1991) GSH rescue byN-acetylcysteine. Klin Wochenschr 6: 279\u2013283","journal-title":"Klin Wochenschr"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR33","first-page":"179","volume":"13","author":"M Mezzetti","year":"1990","unstructured":"Mezzetti M, Colombo L, Marini MG, Crusi V, Pierfederici P, Mussini E (1990) A pharmacokinetic study on pulmonary tropism of ambroxol in patients under thoracic surgery. Surg Intensive Care 13:179\u2013185","journal-title":"Surg Intensive Care"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1993.tb05560.x","volume":"45","author":"D Nowak","year":"1993","unstructured":"Nowak D, Pietras T, Antczak A, Kr\u00f3l M, Piasecka G (1993) Ambroxol inhibits endotoxin-induced lipid peroxidation in mice. Pol J Pharmacol 45:317\u2013322","journal-title":"Pol J Pharmacol"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02714144","volume":"169","author":"G Fegiz","year":"1991","unstructured":"Fegiz G, Volpino P, Piat G, Cangemi V, Morino F, Festa V, Gemma GB, Dell'Orso S (1991) Prevention by ambroxol of bronchopulmonary complications after upper abdominal surgery: double-blind Italian multicenter clinical study. Lung 169:69\u201376","journal-title":"Lung"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1159\/000195847","volume":"57","author":"S Marcatili","year":"1990","unstructured":"Marcatili S, Guarino C, Giannattasio A, Marcatili A, Festa M, Cautiero V, Marini MG, Pierfederici P, Dell'Orso S, Cotrufo M, Catena E (1990) Alterations of the endoalveolar surfactant after surgery with extracorporal circulation. Respiration 57:233\u2013238","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.48.10.985","volume":"48","author":"KJ Holroyd","year":"1993","unstructured":"Holroyd KJ, Buhl R, Borok Z, Roum JH, Bokser AD, Grimes GJ, Czerski DB, Cantin AM, Crystal RG (1993) Correction of the glutathione deficiency in the lower respiratory tract of HIV-seropositive individuals by glutathione aerosol therapy. Thorax 48:985\u2013989","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"BF02576864_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199208000-00008","volume":"6","author":"B Quay de","year":"1992","unstructured":"de Quay B, Malinverni R, Lauterburg BH (1992) Glutathione depletion in HIV-infected patients: role of cysteine deficiency and effect of oralN-acetylcysteine. AIDS 6:815\u2013819","journal-title":"AIDS"}],"container-title":["Research in Experimental Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF02576864.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF02576864\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF02576864","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,11]],"date-time":"2023-05-11T04:27:15Z","timestamp":1683779235000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF02576864"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]}},"alternative-id":["BF02576864"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf02576864","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-9130","1433-8580"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-9130","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-8580","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]}}}