{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T12:44:33Z","timestamp":1791204273724,"version":"4.2.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1991,1,1]],"date-time":"1991-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":662688000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of Dyslexia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf02648083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,24]],"date-time":"2007-09-24T06:07:49Z","timestamp":1190614069000},"page":"141-162","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":185,"title":["Spelling errors and reading fluency in compensated adult dyslexics"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Dianne L.","family":"Lefly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce F.","family":"Pennington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BF02648083_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1080\/14640748508400944","volume":"37A","author":"R. Campbell","year":"1985","unstructured":"Campbell, R. and Butterworth, B. 1985. Phonological dyslexia and dysgraphia in a highly literate subject: a developmental case with associated deficits of phonemic processing and awareness.The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 37A:435\u2013475.","journal-title":"The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology"},{"key":"BF02648083_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02648002","volume":"33","author":"J. C. DeFries","year":"1983","unstructured":"DeFries, J. C. and Baker, L. 1983. Colorado family reading study: longitudinal analysis.Annals of Dyslexia 33:153\u2013162.","journal-title":"Annals of Dyslexia"},{"key":"BF02648083_CR3","unstructured":"DeFries, J. C., Olson, R. K., Pennington, B. F., and Smith, S. D. In press. Colorado reading project: an update.In Gray, D.B. and Duane, D. (eds.).The Reading Brain: The biological basis of dyslexia. York Press: Parkton, MD."},{"key":"BF02648083_CR4","unstructured":"Felton, R. 1990. Personal Communication."},{"key":"BF02648083_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02659183","volume":"35","author":"J. M. Finucci","year":"1986","unstructured":"Finucci, J. M., Gottfredson, L. S., and Childs, B. 1986. A follow-up study of dyslexic boys.Annals of Dyslexia 35:117\u2013136.","journal-title":"Annals of Dyslexia"},{"key":"BF02648083_CR6","volume-title":"Genetics and Learing Disabilities","author":"J. M. Finucci","year":"1986","unstructured":"Finucci, J. M. 1986. Follow-up studies of developmental dyslexia and other learning disabilities.In S. Smith (ed.).Genetics and Learing Disabilities San Diego: College-Hill Press."},{"key":"BF02648083_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1982.tb13695.x","volume":"24","author":"J. M. Finucci","year":"1982","unstructured":"Finucci, J. M., Isaacs, S., Whitehouse, C., Childs, B. 1982. Empirical validation of reading and spelling quotients.Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 24:733\u2013744.","journal-title":"Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology"},{"key":"BF02648083_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1984.tb04425.x","volume":"26","author":"J. M. Finucci","year":"1984","unstructured":"Finucci, J. M., Whitehouse, C. C., Isaacs, S. D., and Childs, B. 1984. Derivation and validation of a quantitative definition of specific reading disability for adults.Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 26:143\u2013154.","journal-title":"Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology"},{"key":"BF02648083_CR9","unstructured":"Gilger, J. W. In review. Using self-report and parental-report survey data to assess past and present academic achievement of adults and children."},{"key":"BF02648083_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01067316","volume":"10","author":"F. I. Letwitter","year":"1980","unstructured":"Letwitter, F. I., DeFries, J. C., and Elston, R. C. 1980. Genetic models of reading disability.Behavior Genetics 10:9\u201330.","journal-title":"Behavior Genetics"},{"key":"BF02648083_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1990.tb01561.x","volume":"31","author":"B. F. Pennington","year":"1990","unstructured":"Pennington, B. F. 1990. Annotation: the genetics of dyslexia.Journal of Child Psychiatry 31:193\u2013201.","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychiatry"},{"key":"BF02648083_CR12","unstructured":"Pennington, B. F. In press. Learning Disorders in Children: Differential diagnosis and treatment. New York Guilford."},{"key":"BF02648083_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.2307\/1130374","volume":"57","author":"B. F. Pennington","year":"1986","unstructured":"Pennington, B. F., McCabe, L. L., Smith, S. D., Lefly, D. L., Bookman, M. O., Kimberling, W. J., and Lubs, H. A. 1986. Spelling errors in adults with a form of familial dyslexia.Child Development 57:1001\u20131013.","journal-title":"Child Development"},{"key":"BF02648083_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02648060","volume":"35","author":"B. F. Pennington","year":"1987","unstructured":"Pennington, B. F., Lefly, D. L., Van Orden, G. C., Bookman, M. O., and Smith, S. D. 1987. Is phonology bypassed in normal or dyslexic development?Annals of Dyslexia 35:62\u201389.","journal-title":"Annals of Dyslexia"},{"key":"BF02648083_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pennington, B. F., Van Orden, G. C., Smith, S. D., Green, P. A., and Haith, M. M. In press. Phonological processing skills and deficits in adult dyslexics.Child Development.","DOI":"10.2307\/1130836"},{"key":"BF02648083_CR16","unstructured":"Pennington, B. F., Gilger, J., Pauls, D., Smith, S. A., Smith, S. D., and DeFries, J. C. In review. Evidence for dominant transmission of developmental dyslexia."},{"key":"BF02648083_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8295.1984.tb01904.x","volume":"75","author":"H. S. Scarborough","year":"1984","unstructured":"Scarborough, H. S. 1984. Continuity between childhood dyslexia and adult reading.British Journal of Psychology 75:329\u2013348.","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"BF02648083_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1990.03450080084036","volume":"264","author":"S. E. Shaywitz","year":"1990","unstructured":"Shaywitz, S. E., Shaywitz, B. A., Fletcher, J. M., and Escobar, M. D. 1990. Prevalence of reading disability in boys and girls.Journal of the American Medical Association 264:998.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"BF02648083_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6828864","volume":"219","author":"S. D. Smith","year":"1983","unstructured":"Smith, S. D., Kimberling, W. J., Pennington, B. F., and Lubs, H. A. 1983. Specific reading disability: Identification of an inherited form through linkage and analysis.Science 219:1345\u20131347.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BF02648083_CR20","unstructured":"Smith, S. D., Pennington, B. F., Kimberling, W. J., and Ing, P. S. In press. Familial dyslexia: Use of genetic linkage data to define subtypes.Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry."}],"container-title":["Annals of Dyslexia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF02648083.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF02648083\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF02648083","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,21]],"date-time":"2019-05-21T00:49:43Z","timestamp":1558399783000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF02648083"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1991,1]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,1]]}},"alternative-id":["BF02648083"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf02648083","relation":{},"ISSN":["0736-9387","1934-7243"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0736-9387","type":"print"},{"value":"1934-7243","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1991,1]]}}}