{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T04:18:23Z","timestamp":1770437903716,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,1]],"date-time":"2002-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1038700800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Respir Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf03257165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,8]],"date-time":"2012-09-08T09:15:54Z","timestamp":1347095754000},"page":"383-391","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Steven","family":"Idell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"BF03257165_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.4.2102095","volume":"164","author":"S Idell","year":"2001","unstructured":"Idell S. Anticoagulants for ARDS: can they work? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 164: 517\u201320","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR2","first-page":"743","volume-title":"Pulmonary fibrosis: lung biology in health and disease","author":"S Idell","year":"1995","unstructured":"Idell S. Coagulation, fibrinolysis and fibrin deposition in lung injury and repair. In: Lenfant C, Phan SH, Thrall RS, editors. Pulmonary fibrosis: lung biology in health and disease. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1995: 743\u201376"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.153.1.8542113","volume":"153","author":"A Gunther","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gunther A, Siebert C, Scmidt R, et al. Surfactant alterations in severe pneumonia, ARDS and cardiogenic lung edema. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 1996; 153: 176\u201384","journal-title":"Am J Resp Crit Care Med"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.13.6.7576709","volume":"13","author":"A Gunther","year":"1995","unstructured":"Gunther A, Kalinowski M, Rousseau S, et al. Surfactant incorporation markedly alters mechanical properties of a fibrin clot. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1995; 13: 712\u20138","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR5","first-page":"566","volume":"2","author":"S Idell","year":"1994","unstructured":"Idell S. Extravascular coagulation and fibrin deposition in acute lung injury. New Horizons 1994; 2: 566\u201374","journal-title":"New Horizons"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.53.10.815","volume":"53","author":"R Marshall","year":"1998","unstructured":"Marshall R, Bellingan G, Laurent G. The acute respiratory distress syndrome: fibrosis in the fast lane. Thorax 1998; 53: 815\u20137","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1097\/00045413-200201000-00003","volume":"9","author":"S Idell","year":"2002","unstructured":"Idell S. The fibrinolytic defect in ARDS: a therapeutic opportunity? Clin Pulm Med 2002; 9: 13\u20139","journal-title":"Clin Pulm Med"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198612253152606","volume":"315","author":"HF Dvorak","year":"1986","unstructured":"Dvorak HF. Tumors: wounds that do not heal. Similarities between tumor stroma generation and wound healing. N Engl J Med 1986; 315: 1650\u20139","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00046905","volume":"2","author":"HF Dvorak","year":"1983","unstructured":"Dvorak HF, Senger DR, Dvorak AM. Fibrin as a component of the tumor stroma: origins and biological significance. Cancer Metastasis Rev 1983; 2: 41\u201373","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3975602","volume":"227","author":"HF Dvorak","year":"1985","unstructured":"Dvorak HF, Senger DR, Dvorak AM, et al. Regulation of extravascular coagulation by microvascular permeability. Science 1985; 227: 1059\u201361","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/S1050-1738(01)00077-9","volume":"11","author":"LVM Rao","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rao LVM, Pendurhi UR. Factor Vila-induced gene expression: potential implications in pathophysiology. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2001; 11: 14\u201321","journal-title":"Trends Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-5231(21)00143-X","volume":"3","author":"M Bachofen","year":"1982","unstructured":"Bachofen M, Weibel ER. Structural alterations of lung parenchyma in the adult respiratory distress syndrome. Clin Chest Med 1982 Jan; 3: 35\u201356","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114139","volume":"84","author":"S Idell","year":"1989","unstructured":"Idell S, Peters J, James KK, et al. Local abnormalities of coagulation and fibrinolytic pathways that promote alveolar fibrin deposition in the lungs of baboons with diffuse alveolar damage. J Clin Invest 1989; 84: 181\u201393","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR14","first-page":"387","volume":"135","author":"S Idell","year":"1989","unstructured":"Idell S, James KK, Gillies C, et al. Abnormalities of pathways of fibrin turnover in lung lavage of rats with oleic acid and bleomycin-induced lung injury support alveolar fibrin deposition. Am J Pathol 1989; 135: 387\u201399","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199210000-00012","volume":"20","author":"S Idell","year":"1992","unstructured":"Idell S, James KK, Coalson JJ. Fibrinolytic activity in bronchoalveolar lavage of baboons with diffuse alveolar damage: trends in two forms of lung injury. Crit Care Med 1992; 20: 1431\u201340","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/138.5.1282","volume":"138","author":"S Idell","year":"1988","unstructured":"Idell S, Peterson BT, Gonzalez KK, et al. Local abnormalities of coagulation and fibrinolysis and alveolar fibrin deposition in sheep with oleic acid-induced lung injury. Am Rev Resp Dis 1988; 138: 1282\u201394","journal-title":"Am Rev Resp Dis"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/136.1.124","volume":"136","author":"S Idell","year":"1987","unstructured":"Idell S, Gonzalez KK, MacArthur CK, et al. Bronchoalveolar lavage procoagulant activity in bleomycin-induced lung injury in marmosets: characterization and relationship to fibrin deposition and fibrosis. Am Rev Resp Dis 1987; 136: 124\u201333","journal-title":"Am Rev Resp Dis"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118396","volume":"97","author":"DT Eitzman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Eitzman DT, McCoy RD, Zheng X, et al. Bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in transgenic mice that either lack or overexpress the murine plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene. J Clin Invest 1996; 97: 232\u20137","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2666","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119089","volume":"98","author":"C Barazzone","year":"1996","unstructured":"Barazzone C, Belin D, Piguet P-F, et al. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in acute hyperoxic mouse lung injury. J Clin Invest 1996; 98: 2666\u201373","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114217","volume":"84","author":"S Idell","year":"1989","unstructured":"Idell S, James KK, Levin EG, et al. Local abnormalities in coagulation and fibrinolytic pathways predispose to alveolar fibrin deposition in the adult respiratory distress syndrome. J Clin Invest 1989; 84: 695\u2013705","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.2.9712038","volume":"161","author":"A Gunther","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gunther A, Mosavi P, Heinemann S, et al. Alveolar fibrin formation caused by enhanced procoagulant and depressed fibrinolytic capacities in severe pneumonia: comparison with the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 2000; 161: 454\u201362","journal-title":"Am J Resp Crit Care Med"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR22","first-page":"L240","volume":"261","author":"S Idell","year":"1991","unstructured":"Idell S, Koenig KB, Fair DS, et al. Serial abnormalities of fibrin turnover in evolving adult respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Physiol 1991; 261: L240\u20138","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR23","first-page":"1087","volume":"134","author":"TA Drake","year":"1989","unstructured":"Drake TA, Morissey JH, Edgington TS. Selective cellular expression of tissue factor in human tissues: implication for disorders of hemostasis and thrombosis. Am J Pathol 1989; 134: 1087\u201397","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR24","first-page":"331","volume":"131","author":"M McGee","year":"1985","unstructured":"McGee M, Rothberger H. Tissue factor in bronchalveolar lavage fluids: evidence for an alveolar macrophage source. Am Rev Respir Dis 1985; 131: 331\u20136","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/137.6.1417","volume":"137","author":"HA Chapman","year":"1988","unstructured":"Chapman HA, Stahl M, Allen CL, et al. Regulation of the procoagulant activity within the bronchoalveolar compartment of normal human lung. Am Rev Resp Dis 1988; 137: 1417\u201325","journal-title":"Am Rev Resp Dis"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.93.6.1256","volume":"93","author":"HA Chapman","year":"1988","unstructured":"Chapman HA, Bertozzi P, Reilly JJ. Role of enzymes mediating thrombosis and thrombolysis in lung disease. Chest 1988; 93: 1256\u201363","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR27","first-page":"206","volume":"131","author":"PG Tipping","year":"1988","unstructured":"Tipping PG, Campbell DA, Boyce NW, et al. Alveolar macrophage procoagulant activity is increased in acute hyperoxic lung injury. Am J Pathol 1988; 131: 206\u201312","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR28","first-page":"L693","volume":"267","author":"S Idell","year":"1994","unstructured":"Idell S, Kumar A, Zwieb C, et al. Effects of TGF-beta and TNF-alpha on procoagulant and fibrinolytic pathways of human tracheal epithelial cells. Am J Physiol 1994; 267: L693\u2013703","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR29","first-page":"L487","volume":"263","author":"S Idell","year":"1992","unstructured":"Idell S, Zwieb C, Boggaram J, et al. Mechanisms of fibrin formation and lysis by human lung fibroblasts: influence of TGF-beta and TNF-alpha. Am J Physiol 1992; 263: L487\u201394","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118201","volume":"96","author":"M Olman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Olman M, Mackman N, Gladson CL, et al. Changes in procoagulant and fibrinolytic gene expression during bleomycin-induced lung injury in the mouse. J Clin Invest 1999; 96: 1621\u201330","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"13","key":"BF03257165_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199003293221304","volume":"322","author":"P Bertozzi","year":"1990","unstructured":"Bertozzi P, Astedt B, Zenzius L, et al. Depressed bronchoalveolar urokinase activity in patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med 1990 Mar 29; 322(13): 890\u20137","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-9572(86)90004-3","volume":"14","author":"H Neuhof","year":"1986","unstructured":"Neuhof H, Seeger W, Wolf HRD. Generation of mediators by limited proteolysis during blood coagulation and fibrinolysis: its pathogenetic role in the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Reseuscitation 1986; 14: 23\u201332","journal-title":"Reseuscitation"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-3848(90)90150-B","volume":"57","author":"B Nakstad","year":"1990","unstructured":"Nakstad B, Lyberg T, Skonsberg OH, et al. Local activation of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems in lung disease. Thromb Res 1990; 57: 827\u201338","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/136.2.471","volume":"136","author":"WM Zapol","year":"1987","unstructured":"Zapol WM, Jones R. Vascular components of ARDS: clinical pulmonary hemodynamics and morphology. Am Rev Respir Dis 1987; 136: 471\u20134","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1097\/00005382-198607000-00006","volume":"1","author":"R Greene","year":"1986","unstructured":"Greene R. Pulmonary vascular obstruction in the adult respiratory distress syndrome. J Thorac Imaging 1986; 1:31\u20138","journal-title":"J Thorac Imaging"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.3109\/01902148809115128","volume":"14","author":"JD Hasday","year":"1988","unstructured":"Hasday JD, Bachwich PR, Lynch JP III, et al. Procoagulant and plasminogen activator activities of bronchoalveolar fluid in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis. Exp Lung Res 1988; 14: 261\u201378","journal-title":"Exp Lung Res"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR37","first-page":"437","volume":"133","author":"HA Chapman","year":"1986","unstructured":"Chapman HA, Allen CL, Stone OL. Abnormalities in pathways of fibrin turnover among patients with interstitial lung disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 1986; 133: 437\u201343","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/140.6.1693","volume":"140","author":"C Kuhn III","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kuhn C III, Boldt J, King TE, et al. An immunohistochemical study of architectural remodeling and connective tissue synthesis in pulmonary fibrosis. Am Rev Respir Dis 1989; 140: 1693\u2013703","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-5231(21)00168-4","volume":"3","author":"LK Jackson","year":"1982","unstructured":"Jackson LK. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Clin Chest Med 1982; 3: 579\u201392","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/146.2.492","volume":"146","author":"R Viscardi","year":"1992","unstructured":"Viscardi R, Broderick K, Sun CC, et al. Disordered pathways of fibrin turnover in lung lavage of premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992; 146: 492\u20139","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.149.3.8118648","volume":"149","author":"S Idell","year":"1994","unstructured":"Idell S, Kumar A, Koenig KB, et al. Pathways of fibrin turnover in lavage of premature baboons with hyperoxic lung injury. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 149: 767\u201375","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/138.1.184","volume":"138","author":"S Sahn","year":"1988","unstructured":"Sahn S. The pleura: state of the art. Am Rev Respir Dis 1988; 138: 184\u2013234","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1614961","volume":"79","author":"S Idell","year":"1998","unstructured":"Idell S, Pendurthi U, Pueblitz S, et al. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor in tetracycline-induced pleuritis in rabbits. Thromb Haemost 1998; 79: 649\u201355","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/144.1.187","volume":"144","author":"S Idell","year":"1991","unstructured":"Idell S, Girard W, Koenig KB, et al. Abnormalities of pathways of fibrin turnover in the human pleural space. Am Rev Respir Dis 1991; 144: 187\u201394","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb\/7.4.414","volume":"7","author":"S Idell","year":"1992","unstructured":"Idell S, Zwieb C, Kumar A, et al. Pathways of fibrin turnover of human pleural mesothelial cells in vitro. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1992; 7: 414\u201326","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI102046","volume":"28","author":"WS Tillett","year":"1949","unstructured":"Tillett WS, Sherry S. The effect in patients of streptococcal fibrinolysin (streptokinase) and streptococcal desoxyribonuclease on fibrinous, purulent and sanguinous pleural exudations. J Clin Invest 1949; 28: 173\u201390","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"Suppl.2","key":"BF03257165_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S65","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.53.2008.S65","volume":"53","author":"SA Sahn","year":"1998","unstructured":"Sahn SA. Use of fibrinolytic agents in the management of complicated parapneumonic effusions and empyemas. Thorax 1998 Aug; 53Suppl. 2: S65\u201372","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR48","first-page":"151","volume-title":"Parapneumonic effusions: pleural diseases","author":"RW Light","year":"2001","unstructured":"Light RW. Parapneumonic effusions: pleural diseases. 4th ed. Philadephia (PA): Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2001: 151\u201381","edition":"4"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.118.4.1158","volume":"18","author":"GL Colice","year":"2000","unstructured":"Colice GL, Curtis A, Deslauriers J, et al. Medical and surgical treatment of parapneumonic effusions: AACP consensus statement. Chest 2000; 18: 1158\u201371","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.22.4.f184","volume":"22","author":"E Abraham","year":"2000","unstructured":"Abraham E. Coagulation abnormalities in acute lung injury and sepsis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2000; 22: 401\u20134","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-995821","volume":"24","author":"MG Vervloet","year":"1998","unstructured":"Vervloet MG, Thisj LG, Hack CE. Derangements of coagulation and fibrinolysis in critically ill patients with sepsis and septic shock. Semin Thromb Hemost 1998; 24: 33\u201344","journal-title":"Semin Thromb Hemost"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S9","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200009001-00003","volume":"28","author":"H Cate Ten","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ten Cate H. Pathophysiology of disseminated intravascular coagulation in sepsis. Crit Care Med 2000; 28: S9\u2013S11","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR53","first-page":"7","volume-title":"The microembolism syndrome","author":"T Saldeen","year":"1979","unstructured":"Saldeen T. The microembolism syndrome: a review. The microembolism syndrome. Stockholm: Almqvist and Wiskell, 1979: 7\u201344"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1983.63.3.1114","volume":"63","author":"AB Malik","year":"1983","unstructured":"Malik AB. Pulmonary microembolism. Physiol Rev 1983; 63: 1114\u2013207","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1003517","volume":"13","author":"JE Kaplan","year":"1987","unstructured":"Kaplan JE, Malik AB. Thrombin-induced intravascular coagulation: role in vascular injury. Semin Thromb Hemost 1987; 13: 398\u2013415","journal-title":"Semin Thromb Hemost"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1164\/arrd.1983.128.1.38","volume":"128","author":"A Johnson","year":"1983","unstructured":"Johnson A, Tahamont MV, Malik AB. Thrombin-induced vascular injury. Am Rev Respir Dis 1983; 128: 38\u201344","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.148.3.501","volume":"148","author":"R Greene","year":"1987","unstructured":"Greene R, Lind S, Jantsch H, et al. Pulmonary vascular obstruction in severe ARDS: angiographic alterations after i.V. fibrinolytic therapy. Am J Roentgenol 1987; 148: 501\u20138","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199908193410807","volume":"341","author":"M Levi","year":"1999","unstructured":"Levi M, Ten Cate H. Disseminated intravascular coagulation. N Engl J Med 1999; 341: 586\u201392","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S31","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200009001-00007","volume":"28","author":"E Abraham","year":"2000","unstructured":"Abraham E. Tissue factor inhibition and clinical trial results of tissue factor pathway inhibitor in sepsis. Crit Care Med 2000; 28: S31\u20133","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200103083441001","volume":"344","author":"GR Bernard","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bernard GR, Vincent J-L, Laterr P-F, et al. Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis. N Engl J Med 2001; 344: 699\u2013709","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V95.4.1113.004k54_1113_1116","volume":"95","author":"CT Esmon","year":"2000","unstructured":"Esmon CT. Introduction: are natural anticoagulants candidates for modulating the inflammatory response to endotoxin? Blood 2000; 95: 1113\u20136","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.119.2.572","volume":"119","author":"A Forster","year":"2001","unstructured":"Forster A, Wells P. Tissue plasminogen activator for the treatment of deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity: a systemic review. Chest 2001; 119: 572\u20139","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1869","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.14.1869","volume":"287","author":"BI Warren","year":"2002","unstructured":"Warren BI, Eid A, Singer P, et al. Caring for the critically ill patient. High-dose antithrombin III in severe sepsis: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2002; 287: 1869\u201378","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR64","unstructured":"Chiron news. Chiron announces results of a phase III study of tifacogin in severe sepsis [online]. Available from URL: http:\/\/www.chiron.com\/investor\/index.htm [Accessed 2002 Mar 2]"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V95.4.1124.002k20_1124_1129","volume":"95","author":"E Jong de","year":"2000","unstructured":"de Jong E, Dekkers PE, Creasey AA, et al. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor dosedependently inhibits coagulation activation without influencing the fibrinolytic and cytokine response during human endotoxemia. Blood 2000; 95: 1124\u20139","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1815","DOI":"10.1086\/320723","volume":"183","author":"E Jong de","year":"2001","unstructured":"de Jong E, Dekkers PE, Creasey AA, et al. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor does not influence inflammatory pathways during human endotoxemia. J Infect Dis 2001; 183: 1815\u20138","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1988","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.10.2105027","volume":"164","author":"KE Welty-Wolf","year":"2001","unstructured":"Welty-Wolf KE, Carraway MS, Huang YC-T, et al. Blockade of extrinsic coagulation decreases lung injury in baboons with gram negative sepsis. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 2001; 164: 1988\u201396","journal-title":"Am J Resp Crit Care Med"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1647055","volume":"60","author":"NJ Fouw de","year":"1988","unstructured":"de Fouw NJ, de Jong YF, Haverkate F, et al. Activated protein C increases fibrin clot lysis by neutralization of plasminogen activator inhibitor-no evidence for a cofactor role of protein S. Thromb Haemost 1988; 60: 328\u201333","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V88.6.2093.bloodjournal8862093","volume":"88","author":"L Bajzar","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bajzar L, Neshelm ME, Tracy PB. The profibrinolytic effect of activated protein C in clots formed from plasma is TAFI-dependent. Blood 1996; 88: 93\u2013100","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/140.4.1104","volume":"140","author":"LF Brown","year":"1989","unstructured":"Brown LF, Dvorak AM, Dvorak HF. Leaky vessels, fibrin deposition, and fibrosis: a sequence of events common to solid tumors and many other types of disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 1989; 140: 1104\u20137","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.2.2005135","volume":"163","author":"S Idell","year":"2001","unstructured":"Idell S. NHLBI workshop summary: fibrin turnover in lung inflammation and neoplasia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 163: 1\u20137","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199012000-00021","volume":"18","author":"RM Hardaway","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hardaway RM, Williams CH, Marvasti M, et al. Prevention of adult respiratory distress syndrome with plasminogen activator in pigs. Crit Care Med 1990; 18: 1413\u20138","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR73","first-page":"67","volume":"21","author":"JL Ambras","year":"1990","unstructured":"Ambras JL, Ambrus CM. Changes in the fibrinolysin system in infantile and adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), caused by trauma and\/or septic shock in patients and in experimental animals. J Med 1990; 21: 67\u201384","journal-title":"J Med"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR74","first-page":"439","volume":"29","author":"T Miazawa","year":"1991","unstructured":"Miazawa T, Tanemori N, Utsumi T, et al. Balloon occlusion pulmonary angiography and anticoagulant-antithrombotic therapy in ARDS-associated pulmonary vascular thrombosis. Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakki Zasshi 1991; 29: 439\u201343","journal-title":"Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakki Zasshi"},{"key":"BF03257165_CR75","first-page":"43","volume":"11","author":"RM Hardaway","year":"1994","unstructured":"Hardaway RM, Harke H, Williams CH. Fibrinolytic agents: a new approach in the treatment of adult respiratry distress syndrome. Adv Ther 1994; 11: 43\u201351","journal-title":"Adv Ther"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Respiratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF03257165.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF03257165\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF03257165","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,28]],"date-time":"2022-01-28T14:02:50Z","timestamp":1643378570000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF03257165"}},"subtitle":["Do Selective Anticoagulants Help?"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]}},"alternative-id":["BF03257165"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf03257165","relation":{},"ISSN":["1175-6365"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1175-6365","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]}}}