{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:51:37Z","timestamp":1787021497329,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":282,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,1]],"date-time":"2002-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1038700800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,1]],"date-time":"2002-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1038700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Respir Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf03257169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,8]],"date-time":"2012-09-08T09:15:54Z","timestamp":1347095754000},"page":"417-433","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Surfactant Therapy for Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Premature Neonates"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Sean B.","family":"Ainsworth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David W. A.","family":"Milligan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"BF03257169_CR1","first-page":"537","volume":"14","author":"K Hockheim","year":"1903","unstructured":"Hockheim K. Uber einige befunde in den Lungen von Neuegeborenen und die Bezehehung derselben zur Aspiration von Fruchtwasser. Centralbl Pathol 1903; 14: 537\u20138","journal-title":"Centralbl Pathol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR2","first-page":"64","volume":"17","author":"D Gitlin","year":"1956","unstructured":"Gitlin D, Craig JM. The nature of the hyaline membrane in asphyxia of the newborn. Pediatrics 1956; 17: 64\u201371","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR3","first-page":"517","volume":"97","author":"ME Avery","year":"1959","unstructured":"Avery ME, Mead J. Surface properties in relation to atelectasis and hyaline membrane disease. Am J Dis Child 1959; 97: 517\u201323","journal-title":"Am J Dis Child"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR4","first-page":"55","volume":"90","author":"E Robillard","year":"1964","unstructured":"Robillard E, Alarie Y, Dagenaise-Perusse P, et al. Microaerosol administration of synthetic \u03b2-\u03b3-dipalmitoyl-L-\u03b1-lecithin in the respiratory distress syndrome: a preliminary report. CMAJ 1964; 90: 55\u20137","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.40.4.709","volume":"40","author":"J Chu","year":"1967","unstructured":"Chu J, Clements AJ, Cotton EK, et al. Neonatal pulmonary ischaemia. Part 1: clinical and physiological studies. Pediatrics 1967; 40: 709\u201366","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.50.1.58","volume":"50","author":"G Enh\u00f6rning","year":"1972","unstructured":"Enh\u00f6rning G, Robertson B. Lung expansion in the premature rabbit fetus after tracheal deposition of surfactant. Pediatrics 1972; 50: 58\u201366","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(80)90489-4","volume":"I","author":"T Fujiwara","year":"1980","unstructured":"Fujiwara T, Maeta H, Chida S, et al. Artificial surfactant therapy in hyaline membrane disease. Lancet 1980; I: 55\u20139","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR8","volume-title":"Prophylactic synthetic surfactant in preterm infants (Cochrane Review)","author":"RF Soll","year":"2001","unstructured":"Soll RF. Prophylactic synthetic surfactant in preterm infants (Cochrane Review). Available from the Cochrane Library [database on disk and CD ROM], updated. The Cochrane Collaboration; issue 4. Oxford: Oxford Update Software, 2001"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR9","volume-title":"Synthetic surfactant treatment for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (Cochrane Review)","author":"RF Soll","year":"2001","unstructured":"Soll RF. Synthetic surfactant treatment for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (Cochrane Review). Available from the Cochrane Library [database on disk and CD ROM], updated. The Cochrane Collaboration; issue 4. Oxford: Oxford Update Software, 2001"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR10","volume-title":"Prophylactic administration of natural surfactant extract (Cochrane Review)","author":"RF Soll","year":"2001","unstructured":"Soll RF. Prophylactic administration of natural surfactant extract (Cochrane Review). Available from the Cochrane Library [database on disk and CD ROM], updated. The Cochrane Collaboration; issue 4. Oxford: Oxford Update Software, 2001"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1997.02170390019004","volume":"151","author":"KC Schoendorf","year":"1997","unstructured":"Schoendorf KC, Kiely JL. Birth weight and age-specific analysis of the 1990 US infant mortality drop: was it surfactant? Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1997; 151: 129\u201334","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7266.913","volume":"321","author":"F Charatan","year":"2000","unstructured":"Charatan F. Surfactant trial in Latin American infants criticised [editorial]. BMJ 2000; 321: 913","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR13","first-page":"R1309","volume":"266","author":"AW Smits","year":"1994","unstructured":"Smits AW, Orgeig S, Daniels CB. Surfactant composition and function in lungs of air-breathing fishes. Am J Physiol 1994; 266: R1309\u201313","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(95)00039-9","volume":"102","author":"CB Daniels","year":"1995","unstructured":"Daniels CB, Orgeig S, Smits AW. The composition and function of reptilian pulmonary surfactant. Respir Physiol 1995; 102: 121\u201335","journal-title":"Respir Physiol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4439(98)00061-1","volume":"1408","author":"R Veldhuizen","year":"1998","unstructured":"Veldhuizen R, Nag K, Orgeig S, et al. The role of lipids in pulmonary surfactant. Biochim Biophys Acta 1998; 1408: 90\u2013108","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1139\/o84-146","volume":"62","author":"F Possmayer","year":"1984","unstructured":"Possmayer F, Yu S-H, Weber JM, et al. Pulmonary surfactant. Can J Biochem Cell Biol 1984;62: 1121\u201333","journal-title":"Can J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200X.1994.tb03255.x","volume":"36","author":"A Takahashi","year":"1994","unstructured":"Takahashi A, Nemoto T, Fujiwara T. Biophysical properties of protein-free, totally synthetic surfactants, ALEC and Exosurf, in comparison with Surfactant TA. Acta Pediatr Jpn 1994; 36: 613\u20138","journal-title":"Acta Pediatr Jpn"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.294.6578.991","volume":"294","author":"Ten Centre Study Group","year":"1987","unstructured":"Ten Centre Study Group. Ten centre trial of artificial surfactant (artificial lung expanding compound) in very premature babies. BMJ 1987; 294: 991\u20136","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199142050-00009","volume":"42","author":"KL Dechant","year":"1991","unstructured":"Dechant KL, Faulds D. Colfosceril palmitate: a review of the therapeutic efficacy and clinical tolerability of a synthetic surfactant preparation (Exosurf Neonatal) in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Drugs 1991; 42: 877\u201394","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR20","first-page":"L367","volume":"6","author":"JJ Batenburg","year":"1992","unstructured":"Batenburg JJ. Surfactant phospholipids: synthesis and storage. Am J Physiol 1992; 6: L367\u201385","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-197906000-00012","volume":"13","author":"M Ikegami","year":"1979","unstructured":"Ikegami M, Silverman J, Adams FH. Restoration of lung pressure-volume characteristics with various phospholipids. Pediatr Res 1979; 13: 777\u201380","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1972.223.3.715","volume":"223","author":"RJ King","year":"1972","unstructured":"King RJ, Clements JA. Surface active materials from dog lung, II. Composition and physiological correlations. Am J Physiol 1972; 223: 715\u201326","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(79)90229-7","volume":"573","author":"AD Bangham","year":"1979","unstructured":"Bangham AD, Morley CJ, Philips MC. The properties of an effective lung surfactant. Biochim Biophys Acta 1979; 573: 552\u20136","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2362.1997.1050655.x","volume":"27","author":"CF Poets","year":"1997","unstructured":"Poets CF, Arning A, Bernhard W, et al. Active surfactant in pharyngeal aspirates of term neonates: lipid biochemistry and surface tension. Eur J Clin Invest 1997; 27: 293\u20136","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20614","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)47107-X","volume":"264","author":"R Eliakim","year":"1989","unstructured":"Eliakim R, Deschryver-Kecskemeti K, Nogee L, et al. Isolation and characterization of a small intestinal surfactant-like particle containing alkaline phosphatase and other digestive enzymes. J Biol Chem 1989; 264: 20614\u20139","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00007554","volume":"175","author":"LAJM Creuwels","year":"1997","unstructured":"Creuwels LAJM, van Golde LMG, Haagsman HP. The pulmonary surfactant system: biochemical and clinical aspects. Lung 1997; 175: 1\u201339","journal-title":"Lung"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L1","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1998.275.3.Ca1","volume":"275","author":"RJ Mason","year":"1998","unstructured":"Mason RJ, Greene K, Voelker DR. Surfactant protein A and surfactant protein D in health and disease. Am J Physiol 1998; 275: L1\u2013L13","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR28","first-page":"75","volume":"140","author":"TR Korfhagen","year":"1998","unstructured":"Korfhagen TR, LeVine AM, Whitsett JA. Surfactant protein A (SP-A) targeted mice. Biochim Biophys Acta 1998; 140: 75\u201381","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"issue":"Suppl.1","key":"BF03257169_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1159\/000047042","volume":"76","author":"Y Kuroki","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kuroki Y, Sano H. Functional roles and structural analysis of lung collectins SP-A and SP-D. Biol Neonat 1999; 76Suppl. 1: 19\u201321","journal-title":"Biol Neonat"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199501000-00005","volume":"37","author":"K Yukitake","year":"1995","unstructured":"Yukitake K, Brown CL, Schlueter MA, et al. 1995. Surfactant apoprotein A modifies the inhibitory effect of plasma proteins on surfactant activity in vivo. Pediatr Res 1995; 37: 21\u20135","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.151.6.7767549","volume":"151","author":"RJ King","year":"1995","unstructured":"King RJ, Coalson JJ, deLemos RA, et al. Surfactant protein-A deficiency in a primate model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 1995; 151: 1989\u201397","journal-title":"Am J Resp Crit Care Med"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/144.6.1376","volume":"144","author":"M Hallman","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hallman M, Merritt A, Akino T, et al. Surfactant protein A, phosphatidylcholine, and surfactant inhibitors in epithelial lining fluid. Am Rev Respir Dis 1991; 144: 1376\u201384","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1994.tb06254.x","volume":"97","author":"R Malhotra","year":"1994","unstructured":"Malhotra R, Lu J, Holmskov U, et al. Collectins, collectin receptors and the lectin pathway of complement activation. Clin Exp Immunol 1994; 97: 4\u20139","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/167.1.91","volume":"167","author":"TB McNeely","year":"1993","unstructured":"McNeely TB, Coonrod JD. Comparison of the opsonic activity of human surfactant protein A for Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae with rabbit and human macrophages. J Infect Dis 1993; 167: 91\u20137","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR35","first-page":"L204","volume":"261","author":"JF van Iwaarden","year":"1991","unstructured":"van Iwaarden JF, van Strijp JA, Ebskamp MJ, et al. Surfactant protein A is an opsonin in the phagocytosis of herpes simplex type I by rat alveolar macrophages. Am J Physiol 1991; 261: L204\u20139","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR36","first-page":"L712","volume":"267","author":"SG Kremlev","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kremlev SG, Phelps DS. Surfactant protein A stimulation of inflammatory cytokine and immunoglobulin production. Am J Physiol 1994; 267: L712\u20139","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L357","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1994.267.2.C357","volume":"267","author":"SG Kremlev","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kremlev SG, Umstead TM, Phelps DS. Effects of surfactant protein A and surfactant lipids on lymphocyte proliferation in vitro. Am J Physiol 1994; 267: L357\u201364","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1038\/317361a0","volume":"317","author":"RT White","year":"1985","unstructured":"White RT, Damm D, Miller J, et al. Isolation and characterization of the human pulmonary surfactant apoprotein gene. Nature 1985; 317: 361\u20133","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb\/6.4.446","volume":"6","author":"SL Katyal","year":"1992","unstructured":"Katyal SL, Singh J, Lockyer J. Characterization of a second human pulmonary surfactant-associated protein SP-A gene. Am J Resp Cell Mol Biol 1992; 6: 446\u201352","journal-title":"Am J Resp Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(88)90448-2","volume":"201","author":"T Voss","year":"1988","unstructured":"Voss T, Eistetter H, Sch\u00e4fer KP. Macromolecular organization of natural surfactant associated protein SP 28-36. J Mol Biol 1988; 201: 219\u201327","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb\/4.1.88","volume":"4","author":"T Voss","year":"1991","unstructured":"Voss T, Melchers K, Scheirle G, et al. Structural comparison of recombinant pulmonary surfactant protein SP-A derived from two human coding sequences: implications for the composition of natural human SP-A. Am J Resp Cell Mol 1991; 4: 88\u201394","journal-title":"Am J Resp Cell Mol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1086\/302906","volume":"66","author":"M Ramet","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ramet M, Haataja R, Marttila R, et al. Association between the surfactant protein A (SP-A) gene locus and respiratory-distress syndrome in the Finnish population. Am J Hum Genet 2000; 66: 1569\u201379","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1042\/bj1830731","volume":"183","author":"PJ Phizackerley","year":"1979","unstructured":"Phizackerley PJ, Town MH, Newman GE. Hydrophobic proteins of lamellated osmiophilic bodies isolated from pig lung. Biochem J 1979; 183: 731\u20136","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L95","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1992.263.1.C95","volume":"263","author":"TE Weaver","year":"1992","unstructured":"Weaver TE, Lin S, Bogucki B, et al. Processing of surfactant protein B proprotein by a cathepsin D-like protease. Am J Physiol 1992; 263: L95\u2013L103","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4439(98)00064-7","volume":"1408","author":"S Hawgood","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hawgood S, Derrick M, Poulain F. Structure and properties of surfactant protein B. Biochim Biophys Acta 1998; 1408: 150\u201360","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6714","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00480a022","volume":"29","author":"JE Baatz","year":"1990","unstructured":"Baatz JE, Elledge B, Whitsett JA. Surfactant protein SP-B induces ordering at the surface of model membrane bilayers. Biochemistry 1990; 29: 6714\u201320","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(95)00268-E","volume":"362","author":"M Andersson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Andersson M, Curstedt T, J\u00f6rnvall H, et al. An amphipathic helical motif common to tumourolytic polypeptide NK-lysin and pulmonary surfactant polypeptide SP-B. FEBS Lett 1995; 362: 328\u201332","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6917","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00242a015","volume":"30","author":"J Johansson","year":"1991","unstructured":"Johansson J, Curstedt T, J\u00f6rnvall H. Surfactant protein B: disulfide bridges, structural properties, and kringle similarities. Biochemistry 1991; 30: 6917\u201321","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3371","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.5.3371","volume":"275","author":"DC Beck","year":"2000","unstructured":"Beck DC, Na CL, Whitsett JA, et al. Ablation of a critical surfactant protein B intramolecular disulfide bond in transgenic mice. J Biol Chem 2000; 275: 3371\u20136","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8276","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00247a024","volume":"30","author":"MA Oosterlaken-Dijksterhuis","year":"1991","unstructured":"Oosterlaken-Dijksterhuis MA, Haagsman HP, Van Golde LM, et al. Interaction of lipid vesicles with monomolecular layers containing lung surfactant proteins SP-B and SP-C. Biochemistry 1991; 30: 8276\u201381","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7794","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.17.7794","volume":"92","author":"JC Clark","year":"1995","unstructured":"Clark JC, Wert SE, Bachurski CJ, et al. Targeted disruption of the surfactant protein B gene disrupts surfactant homeostasis, causing respiratory failure in newborn mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1995; 92: 7794\u20138","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199302113280606","volume":"328","author":"LM Nogee","year":"1993","unstructured":"Nogee LM, deMello DE, Dehner LP, et al. Deficiency of pulmonary surfactant protein B in congenital alveolar proteinosis. N Engl J Med 1993; 328: 406\u201310","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L647","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1995.268.3.C647","volume":"268","author":"DK Vorbroker","year":"1995","unstructured":"Vorbroker DK, Profitt SA, Nogee LM, et al. Aberrant processing of surfactant protein C in hereditary SP-B deficiency. Am J Physiol 1995; 268: L647\u201356","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14361","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.24.14361","volume":"271","author":"MF Beers","year":"1996","unstructured":"Beers MF. Inhibition of cellular processing of surfactant protein C by drugs affecting intracellular pH gradients. J Biol Chem 1996; 271: 14361\u201370","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4439(98)00065-9","volume":"1408","author":"J Johansson","year":"1998","unstructured":"Johansson J. Structure and properties of surfactant protein C. Biochim Biophys Acta 1998; 1408: 161\u201372","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1997.00675.x","volume":"244","author":"J Johansson","year":"1997","unstructured":"Johansson J, Curstedt T. Molecular structures and interactions of pulmonary surfactant components. Eur J Biochem 1997; 244: 675\u201393","journal-title":"Eur J Biochem"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(94)80896-3","volume":"66","author":"SG Taneva","year":"1994","unstructured":"Taneva SG, Keough KM. Pulmonary surfactant proteins SP-B and SP-C in spread monolayers at the air-water interface. II. Monolayers of pulmonary surfactant protein SP-C and phospholipids. Biophys J 1994; 66: 1149\u201357","journal-title":"Biophys J"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4439(98)00092-1","volume":"1453","author":"G Putz","year":"1999","unstructured":"Putz G, Walch M, van Eijk M, et al. Hydrophobic lung surfactant proteins B and C remain associated with surface film during dynamic cyclic area changes. Biochim Biophys Acta 1999; 1453: 126\u201334","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199812000-00006","volume":"44","author":"M Ikegami","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ikegami M, Jobe A. Surfactant protein C in ventilated premature lamb lung. Pediatr Res 1998; 44: 860\u20134","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6366","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.101500298","volume":"98","author":"SW Glasser","year":"2001","unstructured":"Glasser SW, Burchans MS, Korfhagen TR, et al. Altered stability of pulmonary surfactant in SP-C deficient mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98: 6366\u201371","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200102223440805","volume":"344","author":"LM Nogee","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nogee LM, Dunbar AE, Wert SE, et al. A mutation in the surfactant protein C gene associated with interstitial lung disease. N Engl J Med 2001; 344: 573\u20139","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)32556-5","volume":"269","author":"E Crouch","year":"1994","unstructured":"Crouch E, Perrson A, Chang D, et al. Molecular structure of pulmonary surfactant protein D (SP-D). J Biol Chem 1994; 269: 17311\u20139","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1674","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1994.2127","volume":"202","author":"B-L Lim","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lim B-L, Wang J-Y, Holmskov U, et al. Expression of the carbohydrate recognition domain of lung surfactant protein D and demonstration of its binding to lipopolysaccharides of gram-negative bacteria. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1994; 202: 1674\u201380","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28438","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.43.28438","volume":"273","author":"TR Korfhagen","year":"1998","unstructured":"Korfhagen TR, Sheftelyevich V, Burhans MS, et al. Surfactant protein-D regulates phospholipid homeostasis in vivo. J Biol Chem 1998; 273: 28438\u201343","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.1.412","volume":"93","author":"KA Brogden","year":"1996","unstructured":"Brogden KA, De Lucca AJ, Bland J, et al. Isolation of an ovine pulmonary surfactant-associated anionic peptide bactericidal for Pasteurella haemolytica. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1996; 93: 412\u20136","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(99)01363-0","volume":"460","author":"Y Wang","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wang Y, Griffiths WJ, Curstedt T, et al. Porcine pulmonary surfactant preparations contain the antibacterial peptide prophenin and a C-terminal 18-residue fragment thereof. FEBS Lett 1999; 460: 257\u201362","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5948","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.12.5948-5954.1998","volume":"66","author":"KA Brogden","year":"1998","unstructured":"Brogden KA, Ackermann M, Huttner KM. Detection of anionic antimicrobial peptides in ovine bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and respiratory epithelium. Infect Immun 1998; 66: 5948\u201354","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)82013-X","volume":"125","author":"MP Sherman","year":"1994","unstructured":"Sherman MP, Campbell LA, Merritt TA, et al. Effect of different surfactants on pulmonary group B streptococcal infection in premature rabbits. J Pediatr 1994; 125: 939\u201347","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)92849-6","volume":"I","author":"HL Halliday","year":"1984","unstructured":"Halliday HL, McClure G, Reid MM, et al. Controlled trial of artificial surfactant to prevent respiratory distress syndrome. Lancet 1984; I: 476\u20138","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00442216","volume":"147","author":"B Robertson","year":"1988","unstructured":"Robertson B, Curstedt T, Grossmann G, et al. Prolonged ventilation of the premature newborn rabbit after treatment with natural or apoprotein-based artificial surfactant. Eur J Pediatr 1988; 147: 168\u201373","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199448030-00006","volume":"48","author":"LR Wiseman","year":"1994","unstructured":"Wiseman LR, Bryson HM. Porcine-derived lung surfactant: a review of the therapeutic efficacy and clinical tolerability of a natural surfactant preparation (Curosurf) in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Drugs 1994; 48: 386\u2013403","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR72","first-page":"1","volume":"12","author":"T Kobayashi","year":"1981","unstructured":"Kobayashi T, Kataoka H, Murakami S. A case of idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome treated by newly-developed surfactant (Surfactant CK). J Jpn Med Soc Biol Interface 1981; 12: 1\u20136","journal-title":"J Jpn Med Soc Biol Interface"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR73","first-page":"61","volume":"14","author":"K Nohara","year":"1983","unstructured":"Nohara K, Muramatsu K, Oda T. Six cases of RDS treated with Surfactant CK. J Jpn Med Soc Biol Interface 1983; 14: 61\u20136","journal-title":"J Jpn Med Soc Biol Interface"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR74","first-page":"561","volume-title":"Pulmonary surfactant: from molecular biology to clinical practice","author":"T Fujiwara","year":"1992","unstructured":"Fujiwara T, Robertson B. Pharmacology of exogenous surfactants. In: Robertson B, van Golde LMG, Batenburg JJ, editors. Pulmonary surfactant: from molecular biology to clinical practice. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers, 1992: 561\u2013592"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02106295","volume":"149","author":"L Gortner","year":"1990","unstructured":"Gortner L, Pohlandt F, Disse B, et al. Effects of bovine surfactant in premature lambs after intra-tracheal application. Eur J Pediatr 1990; 149: 280\u20133","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02718221","volume":"168","author":"L Gortner","year":"1990","unstructured":"Gortner L, Bernsau U, Hellwege HH, et al. A multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial of bovine surfactant for prevention of respiratory distress syndrome. Lung 1990; 168: 864\u20139","journal-title":"Lung"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-198506000-00014","volume":"19","author":"RH Notter","year":"1985","unstructured":"Notter RH, Egan EA, Kwong MS, et al. Lung surfactant replacement in premature lambs with extracted lipids from bovine lung lavage: effects of dose, dispersion technique, and gestational age. Pediatr Res 1985; 19: 569\u201377","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.71.4.473","volume":"71","author":"M Hallman","year":"1983","unstructured":"Hallman M, Merritt TA, Schneider H, et al. Isolation of human surfactant from amniotic fluid and a pilot study of its efficacy in respiratory distress syndrome. Pediatrics 1983; 71: 473\u201382","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.153.1.8542150","volume":"153","author":"CG Cochrane","year":"1996","unstructured":"Cochrane CG, Revak SD, Merritt TA, et al. The efficacy and safety of KL4-surfactant in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 1996; 153: 404\u201310","journal-title":"Am J Resp Crit Care Med"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.19.1247","volume":"19","author":"T Takei","year":"1996","unstructured":"Takei T, Hashimoto Y, Aiba T, et al. The surface properties of chemically synthesized peptides analogous to human pulmonary surfactant protein SP-C. Biol Pharm Bull 1996; 19: 1247\u201353","journal-title":"Biol Pharm Bull"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1327.1998.2550116.x","volume":"255","author":"G Nilsson","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nilsson G, Gustafsson M, Vandenbussche G, et al. Synthetic peptide-containing surfactants: evaluation of transmembrane versus amphipathic helices and surfactant protein C poly-valyl to poly-leucyl substitution. Eur J Biochem 1998; 255: 116\u201324","journal-title":"Eur J Biochem"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1042\/0264-6021:3390381","volume":"339","author":"M Palmblad","year":"1999","unstructured":"Palmblad M, Johanssen J, Robertson B, et al. Biophysical activity of an artificial surfactant containing an analogue of surfactant protein (SP)-C and native SP-B. Biochem J 1999; 339: 381\u20136","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1995.tb16354.x","volume":"115","author":"D Hafner","year":"1995","unstructured":"Hafner D, Beume R, Kilian U, et al. Dose-response comparisons of five lung surfactant factor (LSF) preparations in an animal model of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Br J Pharmacol 1995; 115: 451\u20138","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0701931","volume":"124","author":"D Hafner","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hafner D, Germann PG, Hauschke D. Comparison of rSP-C surfactant with natural and synthetic surfactants after late treatment in a rat model of the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Br J Pharmacol 1998; 124: 1083\u201390","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199606000-00003","volume":"39","author":"FJ Walther","year":"1996","unstructured":"Walther FJ, David-Cu R, Leung C, et al. A synthetic segment of surfactant protein A: structure, in vitro surface activity and in vivo efficacy. Pediatr Res 1996; 39: 938\u201346","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1038\/271162a0","volume":"271","author":"CJ Morley","year":"1978","unstructured":"Morley CJ, Bangham AD, Johnson P, et al. Physical and physiological properties of dry surfactant. Nature 1978; 271: 162\u20133","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6622(84)80034-7","volume":"10","author":"AD Bangham","year":"1984","unstructured":"Bangham AD, Miller NGA, Davis RJ, et al. Introductory remarks about artificial lung expanding compound (ALEC). Colloids Surfaces 1984; 10: 337\u201341","journal-title":"Colloids Surfaces"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.55.10.758","volume":"55","author":"C Morley","year":"1980","unstructured":"Morley C, Robertson B, Lachman B, et al. Artificial surfactant and natural surfactant. Comparative study of the effects on premature rabbit lungs. Arch Dis Child 1980; 55: 758\u201365","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR89","first-page":"65","volume":"I","author":"CJ Morley","year":"1981","unstructured":"Morley CJ, Bangham AD, Miller N, et al. Dry artificial lung surfactant and its effect on very premature babies. Lancet 1981; I: 65\u20138","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)90346-0","volume":"II","author":"A Wilkinson","year":"1985","unstructured":"Wilkinson A, Jenkins PA, Jeffrey JA. Two controlled trials of artificial surfactant: early effects and later outcome in babies with surfactant deficiency. Lancet 1985; II: 287\u201391","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.58.6.458","volume":"58","author":"AD Milner","year":"1983","unstructured":"Milner AD, Vyas H, Hopkin IE. Effects of artificial surfactant on lung function and blood gases in idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome. Arch Dis Child 1983; 58: 458\u201360","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-3782(88)80056-2","volume":"17","author":"CJ Morley","year":"1988","unstructured":"Morley CJ, Greenough A, Miller NG, et al. Randomized trial of artificial surfactant (ALEC) given at birth to babies from 23 to 34 weeks gestation. Early Hum Dev 1988; 17: 41\u201354","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR93","first-page":"1","volume":"88","author":"RH Phibbs","year":"1991","unstructured":"Phibbs RH, Ballard RA, Clements JA, et al. Initial clinical trial of EXOSURF, a protein-free synthetic surfactant, for the prophylaxis and early treatment of hyaline membrane disease. Pediatrics 1991; 88: 1\u20139","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)80143-X","volume":"117","author":"C Bose","year":"1990","unstructured":"Bose C, Corbet A, Bose G, et al. Improved outcome at 28 days of age for very low birth weight infants treated with a single dose of a synthetic surfactant. J Pediatr 1990; 117:947\u201353","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)81226-0","volume":"120","author":"D Stevenson","year":"1992","unstructured":"Stevenson D, Walther F, Long W, et al. Controlled trial of a single dose of synthetic surfactant at birth in premature infants weighing 500 to 699 grams. The American Exosurf Neonatal Study Group I. J Pediatr 1992; 120: S3\u2013S12","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.1991.tb00401.x","volume":"27","author":"AJ Corbet","year":"1991","unstructured":"Corbet AJ, Long WA, Murphy DJ, et al. Reduced mortality in small premature infants treated at birth with a single dose of synthetic surfactant. J Paediatr Child Health 1991; 27: 245\u20139","journal-title":"J Paediatr Child Health"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)80502-5","volume":"118","author":"A Corbet","year":"1991","unstructured":"Corbet A, Bucciarelli R, Goldman S, et al. Decreased mortality rate among small premature infants treated at birth with a single dose of synthetic surfactant: a multicenter controlled trial. American Exosurf Pediatric Study Group I. J Pediatr 1991; 118:277\u201384","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1696","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199112123252404","volume":"325","author":"W Long","year":"1991","unstructured":"Long W, Corbet A, Cotton R, et al. A controlled trial of synthetic surfactant in infants weighing 1250 g or more with respiratory distress syndrome. The American Exosurf Neonatal Study Group I, and the Canadian Exosurf Neonatal Study Group. N Engl J Med 1991; 325: 1696\u2013703","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)83388-8","volume":"118","author":"W Long","year":"1991","unstructured":"Long W, Thompson T, Sundell H, et al. Effects of two rescue doses of a synthetic surfactant on mortality rate and survival without bronchopulmonary dysplasia in 700- to 1350-gram infants with respiratory distress syndrome. The American Exosurf Neonatal Study Group I. J Pediatr 1991; 118: 595\u2013605","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR100","first-page":"314A","volume":"31","author":"W Long","year":"1992","unstructured":"Long W, Merritt A, Kanto W, et al. Randomized comparison of three versus six doses of synthetic surfactant in 348 infants weighing less than 749 grams [abstract]. Pediatr Res 1992; 31: 314A","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70012-9","volume":"126","author":"J Smyth","year":"1995","unstructured":"Smyth J, Allen A, MacMurray B, et al. Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled Canadian multicenter trial of two doses of synthetic surfactant or air placebo in 224 infants weighing 500 to 749 grams with respiratory distress syndrome. Canadian Exosurf Neonatal Study Group. J Pediatr 1995; 126: S81\u20139","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S90","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70013-7","volume":"126","author":"D McMillan","year":"1995","unstructured":"McMillan D, Chernick V, Finer N, et al. Effects of two rescue doses of synthetic surfactant in 344 infants with respiratory distress syndrome weighing 750 to 1249 grams: a double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter Canadian trial. Canadian Exosurf Neonatal Study Group. J Pediatr 1995; 126: S90\u20138","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(94)70323-X","volume":"124","author":"DD Berry","year":"1994","unstructured":"Berry DD, Pramanik AK, Philips III JB, et al. Comparison of the effect of three doses of a synthetic surfactant on the alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient in infants weighing > or = 1250 grams with respiratory distress syndrome. American Exosurf Neonatal Study Group II. J Pediatr 1994; 124: 294\u2013301","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70226-1","volume":"126","author":"A Corbet","year":"1995","unstructured":"Corbet A, Gerdes J, Long W, et al. Double-blind, randomized trial of one versus three prophylactic doses of synthetic surfactant in 826 neonates weighing 700 to 1100 grams: Effects on mortality rate. J Pediatr 1995; 126: 969\u201378","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217A","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199203000-00005","volume":"31","author":"A Pramanik","year":"1992","unstructured":"Pramanik A, Dhanireddy R, Hallman M, et al. Randomized comparison of two versus four doses of synthetic surfactant in 548 infants with RDS weighing at least 1250 grams [abstract]. Pediatr Res 1992; 31: 217A","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR106","volume-title":"Online J Curr Clin Trials","author":"European Exosurf Study Group","year":"1992","unstructured":"European Exosurf Study Group. Early or selective surfactant (Colfosceril Palmitate, Exosurf) for intubated babies at 26 to 29 weeks gestation: a European double-blind trial with sequential analysis. Online J Curr Clin Trials 1992; Nov 10: document no. 28"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)92557-V","volume":"340","author":"The OSIRIS Collaborative Group","year":"1992","unstructured":"The OSIRIS Collaborative Group. Early versus delayed neonatal administration of a synthetic surfactant: the judgement of OSIRIS. Lancet 1992; 340: 1363\u20139","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR108","first-page":"314A","volume":"33","author":"M Alvarado","year":"1993","unstructured":"Alvarado M, Hingre R, Hakanson D, et al. Clinical trial of Survanta Vs Exosurf therapy in infants < 1500 g with respiratory distress syndrome [abstract]. Pediatr Res 1993; 33: 314A","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR109","first-page":"340A","volume":"33","author":"SA Pearlman","year":"1993","unstructured":"Pearlman SA, Leef KH, Stefano JL, et al. A randomized trial comparing Exosurf vs Survanta in the treatment of neonatal RDS [abstract]. Pediatr Res 1993; 33: 340A","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)80856-X","volume":"123","author":"JD Horbar","year":"1994","unstructured":"Horbar JD, Wright LL, Soll RF, et al. A multicenter randomized trial comparing two surfactants for the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome. J Pediatr 1994; 123: 757\u201366","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR111","first-page":"46","volume":"86","author":"SS Sehgal","year":"1994","unstructured":"Sehgal SS, Ewing CK, Richards T, et al. Modified bovine surfactant (Survanta) versus a protein-free surfactant (Exosurf) in the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants: a pilot study. J Natl Med Assoc 1994; 86: 46\u201352","journal-title":"J Natl Med Assoc"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR112","first-page":"1","volume":"97","author":"Vermont-Oxford Neonatal Network","year":"1996","unstructured":"Vermont-Oxford Neonatal Network. A multicenter, randomized trial comparing synthetic surfactant to modified bovine surfactant in the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Pediatrics 1996; 97: 1\u20136","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR113","first-page":"455","volume":"17","author":"HD Modanlou","year":"1997","unstructured":"Modanlou HD, Beharry K, Padilla G, et al. Comparative efficacy of Exosurf and Survanta surfactants on early clinical course of respiratory distress syndrome and complications of prematurity. J Perinatal 1997; 17: 455\u201360","journal-title":"J Perinatal"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0496(199905)27:5<312::AID-PPUL3>3.0.CO;2-N","volume":"27","author":"DE da Costa","year":"1999","unstructured":"da Costa DE, Pai MG, Al Khusaiby SM. Comparative trial of artificial and natural surfactants in the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome of prematurity: experiences in a developing country. Pediatr Pulmonol 1999; 27: 312\u201327","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2000.tb00328.x","volume":"89","author":"AK Kukkonen","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kukkonen AK, Virtanen M, J\u00e4rvenp\u00e4\u00e4 A-L, et al. Randomised trial comparing natural and synthetic surfactant: increased risk of infection after natural surfactant? Acta Paediatr 2000; 89: 556\u201361","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(96)70291-3","volume":"128","author":"ML Hudak","year":"1996","unstructured":"Hudak ML, Farrell EE, Rosenberg AA, et al. A multicenter randomized masked comparison trial of natural versus synthetic surfactant for the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome. J Pediatr 1996; 128: 396\u2013406","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.100.1.39","volume":"100","author":"ML Hudak","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hudak ML, Martin DJ, Egan EA, et al. A multicenter randomized masked comparison trial of synthetic surfactant versus calf lung surfactant extract for the prevention of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Pediatrics 1997; 100: 39\u201350","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR118","first-page":"293A","volume":"43","author":"A Peliowski","year":"1998","unstructured":"Peliowski A, Finer N, for the Canadian Surfactant Study Group. A randomized, blinded, Canadian multicenter trial to compare a bovine surfactant, bLES, with a synthetic, Exosurf for the rescue treatment of respiratory distress syndrome [abstract]. Pediatr Res 1998; 43: 293A","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199605000-00010","volume":"39","author":"BA Holm","year":"1996","unstructured":"Holm BA, Wang Z, Egan EA, et al. Content of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine in lung surfactant: ramifications for surface activity. Pediatr Res 1996; 39: 805\u201311","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.93.06070971","volume":"6","author":"W Seeger","year":"1993","unstructured":"Seeger W, Grube C, Gunther A, et al. Surfactant inhibition by plasma proteins: differential sensitivity of various surfactant preparations. Eur Respir J 1993; 6: 971\u20137","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-3084(01)00197-9","volume":"114","author":"RH Notter","year":"2002","unstructured":"Notter RH, Wang Z, Egan EA, et al. Component-specific surface and physiological activity in bovine-derived lung surfactants. Chem Phys Lipids 2002; 114: 21\u201334","journal-title":"Chem Phys Lipids"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR122","first-page":"257","volume-title":"Surfactant replacement therapy","author":"JW Kendig","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kendig JW, Notter RH, Maniscalco WM, et al. Clinical experience with calf lung surfactant extract. In: Shapiro DL, Notter RH, editors. Surfactant replacement therapy. New York: AR Liss, 1989: 257\u201371"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR123","first-page":"110","volume":"89","author":"JY Chen","year":"1990","unstructured":"Chen JY. Exogenous surfactant for treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants. J Formos Med Assoc 1990; 89: 110\u20134","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.86.5.753","volume":"86","author":"T Fujiwara","year":"1990","unstructured":"Fujiwara T, Konishi M, Chida S, et al. Surfactant replacement therapy with a single postventilatory dose of a reconstituted bovine surfactant in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome: final analysis of a multicenter, double-blind, randomized trial and comparison with other trials. Pediatrics 1990; 86: 753\u201364","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.79.1.31","volume":"79","author":"JD Gitlin","year":"1987","unstructured":"Gitlin JD, Soll RF, Parad RB, et al. Randomized controlled trial of exogenous surfactant for the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome. Pediatrics 1987; 79: 31\u20137","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.88.1.10","volume":"88","author":"RE Hoekstra","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hoekstra RE, Jackson JC, Myers TF, et al. Improved neonatal survival following multiple doses of bovine surfactant in very premature neonates at risk for respiratory distress syndrome. Pediatrics 1991; 88: 10\u20138","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198904133201502","volume":"320","author":"JD Horbar","year":"1989","unstructured":"Horbar JD, Soll RF, Sutherland JM, et al. A multicenter randomized, placebo-controlled trial of surfactant therapy for respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med 1989; 320: 959\u201365","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02009663","volume":"149","author":"JD Horbar","year":"1990","unstructured":"Horbar JD, Soll RF, Schachinger H, et al. A European multicenter randomized controlled trial of single dose surfactant therapy for idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome. Eur J Pediatr 1990; 149: 416\u201323","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.88.1.19","volume":"88","author":"EA Liechty","year":"1991","unstructured":"Liechty EA, Donovan E, Purohit D, et al. Reduction of neonatal mortality after multiple doses of bovine surfactant in low birth weight neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. Pediatrics 1991; 88: 19\u201328","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)90414-4","volume":"I","author":"TN Raju","year":"1987","unstructured":"Raju TN, Vidyasagarv D, Bhat R, et al. Double-blind controlled trial of single-dose treatment with bovine surfactant in severe hyaline membrane disease. Lancet 1987; I: 651\u20136","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.85.6.1092","volume":"85","author":"RF Soll","year":"1990","unstructured":"Soll RF, Hoekstra RE, Fangman JJ, et al. Multicenter trial of single-dose modified bovine surfactant extract (Survanta) for prevention of respiratory distress syndrome. Pediatrics 1990; 85: 1092\u2013102","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324A","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199904020-01928","volume":"45","author":"B van Overmeire","year":"1999","unstructured":"van Overmeire B, Jansens J, van Reempts PJ. Comparative evaluation of the respiratory and circulatory responses after the instillation of two bovine surfactant preparations [abstract]. Pediatr Res 1999; 45: 324A","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F8","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.72.1.F8","volume":"72","author":"CP Speer","year":"1995","unstructured":"Speer CP, Gefeller O, Groneck P, et al. Randomised clinical trial of two treatment regimens of natural surfactant preparations in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 1995; 72: F8\u2013F13","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.100.1.31","volume":"100","author":"BT Bloom","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bloom BT, Kattwinkel J, Hall RT, et al. Comparison of Infasurf (calf lung surfactant extract) to Survanta (Beractant) in the treatment and prevention of respiratory distress syndrome. Pediatrics 1997; 100: 31\u20138","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.82.5.683","volume":"82","author":"Collaborative European Multicenter Study Group","year":"1988","unstructured":"Collaborative European Multicenter Study Group. Surfactant replacement therapy for severe neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: an international randomized clinical trial. Pediatrics 1988; 82: 683\u201391","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR136","first-page":"329","volume":"47","author":"H Walti","year":"1990","unstructured":"Walti H, Relier JP, Huon C, et al. Traitement de formes severes de la maladie des membranes hyalines par une dose unique d\u2019un surfactant exogene naturel d\u2019origine porcine. Un essai randomise: effets immediats et devenir a 28 jours de vie. Arch Franc Pediatr 1990; 47: 329\u201334","journal-title":"Arch Franc Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.76.4.593","volume":"76","author":"DL Shapiro","year":"1985","unstructured":"Shapiro DL, Notter RH, Morin III FC, et al. Double-blind, randomized trial of a calf lung surfactant extract administered at birth to very premature infants for prevention of respiratory distress syndrome. Pediatrics 1985; 76: 593\u20139","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.76.4.585","volume":"76","author":"MS Kwong","year":"1985","unstructured":"Kwong MS, Egan EA, Notter RH, et al. Double-blind clinical trial of calf lung surfactant extract for the prevention of hyaline membrane disease in extremely premature infants. Pediatrics 1985; 76: 585\u201392","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR139","first-page":"756","volume":"82","author":"JW Kendig","year":"1988","unstructured":"Kendig JW, Notter RH, Cox C, et al. Surfactant replacement therapy at birth: final analysis of a clinical trial and comparisons with similar trials. Pediatrics 1988; 82: 756\u201362","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.71.6.913","volume":"71","author":"JA Smyth","year":"1983","unstructured":"Smyth JA, Metcalfe IL, Duffty P, et al. Hyaline membrane disease treated with bovine surfactant. Pediatrics 1983; 71: 913\u20137","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.76.2.145","volume":"76","author":"G Enh\u00f6rning","year":"1985","unstructured":"Enh\u00f6rning G, Shennan A, Possmayer F, et al. Prevention of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome by tracheal instillation of surfactant: a randomized clinical trial. Pediatrics 1985; 76: 145\u201353","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(85)80253-5","volume":"106","author":"M Hallman","year":"1985","unstructured":"Hallman M, Merritt TA, Jarvenpaa AL, et al. Exogenous human surfactant for treatment of severe respiratory distress syndrome: a randomized prospective clinical trial. J Pediatr 1985; 106: 963\u20139","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR143","first-page":"242","volume":"153","author":"B Robertson","year":"1987","unstructured":"Robertson B. Surfactant replacement therapy in the management of respiratory distress syndrome. Eur J Respir Dis 1987; 153: 242\u20138","journal-title":"Eur J Respir Dis"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR144","first-page":"353","volume":"122","author":"DS Strayer","year":"1986","unstructured":"Strayer DS, Merritt TA, Lwebuga-Mukasa J, et al. Surfactant-anti-surfactant immune complexes in infants with respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Pathol 1986; 122: 353\u201362","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR145","first-page":"308","volume":"2","author":"A Waring","year":"1989","unstructured":"Waring A, Taeusch W, Bruni R, et al. Synthetic amphipathic sequences of surfactant protein-B mimic several physicochemical and in vivo properties of native pulmonary surfactant proteins. Pept Res 1989; 2: 308\u201313","journal-title":"Pept Res"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.156.3.9611053","volume":"156","author":"FJ Walther","year":"1997","unstructured":"Walther FJ, Hernandez-Juviel J, Bruni R, et al. Spiking Survanta with synthetic surfactant peptides improves oxygenation in surfactant deficient rats. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997; 156: 855\u201361","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(96)00290-6","volume":"384","author":"M Gustafsson","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gustafsson M, Vandenbussche G, Curstedt T, et al. The 21-residue surfactant peptide (LysLeu4)4Lys(KL4) is a transmembrane alpha-helix with a mixed nonpolar\/polar surface. FEBS Lett 1996; 384: 185\u20138","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/147.2.462","volume":"147","author":"LR McLean","year":"1993","unstructured":"McLean LR, Lewis JE, Krstenansky JL, et al. An amphipathic alpha-helical decapeptide in phosphatidylcholine is an effective lung surfactant. Am Rev Respir Dis 1993; 147: 462\u20135","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3070535","volume":"307","author":"J Johansson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Johansson J, Nilsson G, Stromberg R, et al. Secondary structure and biophysical activity of synthetic analogues of the pulmonary surfactant polypeptide SP-C. Biochem J 1995; 307: 535\u201341","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196702162760701","volume":"276","author":"WH Northway","year":"1967","unstructured":"Northway WH, Rosan RC, Porter DY. Pulmonary disease following respirator therapy of hyaline-membrane disease. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia. N Engl Med J 1967; 276: 357\u201368","journal-title":"N Engl Med J"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2000.tb00417.x","volume":"89","author":"SE Jacobs","year":"2000","unstructured":"Jacobs SE, O\u2019Brien K, Inwood S, et al. Outcome of infants 23\u201326 weeks\u2019 gestation pre and post surfactant. Acta Paediatr 2000; 89: 959\u201365","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.314.7074.107","volume":"314","author":"W Tin","year":"1997","unstructured":"Tin W, Wariyar U, Hey E. Changing prognosis for babies of less than 28 weeks\u2019 gestation in the north of England between 1983 and 1994. BMJ 1997; 314: 107\u201311","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70362-4","volume":"126","author":"MA Rojas","year":"1995","unstructured":"Rojas MA, Gonzalez A, Bancalari E, et al. Changing trends in the epidemiology and pathogenesis of neonatal chronic lung disease. J Pediatr 1995; 126: 605\u201310","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.104.6.1345","volume":"104","author":"DD Marshall","year":"1999","unstructured":"Marshall DD, Kotelchuck M, Young TE, et al. Risk factors for chronic lung disease in the surfactant era: a North Carolina population-based study of very low birth weight infants. North Carolina Neonatologists Association. Pediatrics 1999; 104: 1345\u201350","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.101.4.e4","volume":"101","author":"A Valls-i-Soler","year":"1998","unstructured":"Valls-i-Soler A, Fernandez-Ruanova B, Lopez-Heredia y Goya J, et al. A randomized comparison of surfactant dosing via a dual-lumen endotracheal tube in respiratory distress syndrome. Pediatrics 1998; 101: e4","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.66.10_Spec_No.1105","volume":"66","author":"F Cowan","year":"1991","unstructured":"Cowan F, Whitelaw A, Wertheim D, et al. Cerebral blood flow velocity changes after rapid administration of surfactant. Arch Dis Child 1991; 66: 1105\u20139","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1994.tb13169.x","volume":"83","author":"AH Bell","year":"1994","unstructured":"Bell AH, Skov L, Lundstrom KE, et al. Cerebral blood flow and plasma hypoxanthine in relation to surfactant treatment. Acta Paediatr 1994; 83: 910\u20134","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.89.4.643","volume":"89","author":"L Hellstr\u00f6m-Westas","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hellstr\u00f6m-Westas L, Bell AH, Skov L, et al. Cerebroelectrical depression following surfactant treatment in preterm neonates. Pediatrics 1992; 89: 643\u20137","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.87.4.505","volume":"87","author":"JA Whitsett","year":"1991","unstructured":"Whitsett JA, Hull WM, Luse S. Failure to detect surfactant protein-specific antibodies in sera of premature infants treated with Survanta, a modified bovine surfactant. Pediatrics 1991; 87: 505\u201310","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)83193-2","volume":"124","author":"Survanta Multidose Study Group","year":"1994","unstructured":"Survanta Multidose Study Group. Two-year follow-up of infants treated for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome with bovine surfactant. J Pediatr 1994; 124: 962\u20137","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F165","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.71.3.F165","volume":"71","author":"JD Corcoran","year":"1994","unstructured":"Corcoran JD, Berggren P, Sun B, et al. Comparison of surface properties and physiological effects of a synthetic and natural surfactant in preterm rabbits. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 1994; 71: F165\u20139","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2039","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1989.66.5.2039","volume":"66","author":"MR Mercurio","year":"1989","unstructured":"Mercurio MR, Fiascone JM, Lima DM, et al. Surface tension and pulmonary compliance in premature rabbits. J Appl Physiol 1989; 66: 2039\u201344","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/145.5.999","volume":"145","author":"JJ Cummings","year":"1992","unstructured":"Cummings JJ, Holm BA, Hudak ML, et al. A controlled clinical comparison of four different surfactant preparations in surfactant-deficient preterm lambs. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992; 145: 999\u20131004","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1006\/mgme.1997.2657","volume":"63","author":"R Bruni","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bruni R, Hernandez-Juviel JM, Tanoviceanu R, et al. Synthetic mimics of surfactant proteins B and C: in vitro surface activity and effects on lung compliance in two animal models of surfactant deficiency. Mol Genet Metab 1998; 63: 116\u201325","journal-title":"Mol Genet Metab"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340000646","volume":"26","author":"KP Kelly","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kelly KP, Stenson BJ, Drummond GB. Randomised comparison of partial liquid ventilation, nebulised perfluorocarbon, porcine surfactant, artificial surfactant, and combined treatments on oxygenation, lung mechanics, and survival in rabbits after saline lavage. Intensive Care Med 2000; 26: 1523\u201330","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.79.1.38","volume":"79","author":"M Ikegami","year":"1987","unstructured":"Ikegami M, Agata Y, Elkady T, et al. Comparison of four surfactants: in vitro surface properties and responses of preterm lambs to treatment at birth. Pediatrics 1987; 79: 38\u201346","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02136-X","volume":"355","author":"SB Ainsworth","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ainsworth SB, Beresford MW, Milligan DWA, et al. Pumactant and poractant alfa for the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in neonates born at 25 to 29 weeks\u2019 gestation: a randomised trial. Lancet 2000; 355: 1387\u201392","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1442-200x.2002.01527.x","volume":"44","author":"C Giannakopoulou","year":"2002","unstructured":"Giannakopoulou C, Hatzidaki E, Korakaki E, et al. Comparative randomized study: administration of natural and synthetic surfactant to premature newborns with respiratory distress syndrome. Pediatr Int 2002; 44: 117\u201321","journal-title":"Pediatr Int"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/148.4_Pt_1.837","volume":"148","author":"M Ikegami","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ikegami M, Ueda T, Absolom D, et al. Changes in exogenous surfactant in ventilated preterm lamb lungs. Am Rev Respir Dis 1993; 148: 837\u201344","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR170","first-page":"9","volume":"16","author":"C Arnold","year":"1996","unstructured":"Arnold C, Adams E, Torres E, et al. Exosurf versus Survanta surfactant preparations: Proportional-hazards regression analysis of time to successful extubation and discontinuation of oxygen therapy. J Perinatol 1996; 16: 9\u201314","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR171","volume-title":"The Cochrane Collaboration","author":"RF Soll","year":"2001","unstructured":"Soll RF, Blanco F. Natural surfactant extract versus synthetic surfactant for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (Cochrane Review Available from the Cochrane Library [database on disk and CD ROM], updated. The Cochrane Collaboration; issue 4. Oxford: Oxford Update Software, 2001"},{"issue":"Suppl.1","key":"BF03257169_CR172","first-page":"36","volume":"81","author":"R Ramanathan","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ramanathan R, Rasmussen MR, Gerstmann D, et al. A randomized, multicenter masked comparison trial of Curosurf\u00ae and Survanta\u00ae in the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants [abstract]. Biol Neonate 2002; 81Suppl. 1: 36","journal-title":"Biol Neonate"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2001.119624","volume":"139","author":"RH Clark","year":"2001","unstructured":"Clark RH, Auten RL, Peabody J. A comparison of the outcomes of neonates treated with two different natural surfactants. J Pediatr 2001; 139: 828\u201331","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR174","first-page":"57","volume":"8","author":"M Szymankiewicz","year":"1999","unstructured":"Szymankiewicz M, Gadzinowski J, Szcapa-Krenz H, et al. Effect of exogenous surfactant therapy on the pulmonary mechanics of newborns with respiratory distress syndrome: comparison of two natural surfactant preparations. Gynaecol Perinatol 1999; 8: 57\u201361","journal-title":"Gynaecol Perinatol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200107000-00010","volume":"50","author":"E Herting","year":"2001","unstructured":"Herting E, Rauprich P, Stichtenoth G, et al. Resistance of different surfactant preparations to inactivation by meconium. Pediatr Res 2001; 50: 44\u20139","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.92.6.768","volume":"92","author":"J Egberts","year":"1993","unstructured":"Egberts J, DeWinter JP, Sedin G, et al. Comparison of prophylaxis and rescue treatment with Curosurf in neonates less than 30 weeks gestation: a randomized trial. Pediatrics 1993; 92: 768\u201374","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.102.5.1153","volume":"102","author":"L Gortner","year":"1998","unstructured":"Gortner L, Wauer RR, Hammer H, et al. Early versus late surfactant treatment in preterm infants of 27 to 32 weeks\u2019 gestational age: a multicenter controlled clinical trial. Pediatrics 1998; 102: 1153\u201360","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/145.5.1005","volume":"145","author":"M Ikegami","year":"1992","unstructured":"Ikegami M, Jobe AH, Tabor BL, et al. Lung albumin recovery in surfactant-treated preterm ventilated lambs. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992; 145: 1005\u20138","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1991.70.1.423","volume":"70","author":"D Berry","year":"1991","unstructured":"Berry D, Jobe A, Ikegami M. Leakage of macromolecules in ventilated and un-ventilated segments of preterm lamb lungs. J Appl Physiol 1991; 70: 423\u20139","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(85)90070-2","volume":"61","author":"B Robertson","year":"1985","unstructured":"Robertson B, Berry D, Curstedt T, et al. Leakage of protein in the immature rabbit lung; effect of surfactant replacement. Respir Physiol 1985; 61: 265\u201376","journal-title":"Respir Physiol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.152.1.7599809","volume":"152","author":"SR Seidner","year":"1995","unstructured":"Seidner SR, Ikegami M, Yamada T, et al. Decreased surfactant dose-response after delayed administration to preterm rabbits. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 152: 113\u201320","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.81.2.277","volume":"81","author":"H Maeta","year":"1988","unstructured":"Maeta H, Vidyasagar D, Raju TN, et al. Early and late surfactant treatments in baboon model of hyaline membrane disease. Pediatrics 1988; 81: 277\u201383","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1071\/RD9951333","volume":"7","author":"JJ Cummings","year":"1995","unstructured":"Cummings JJ, Holm BA, Nickerson PA, et al. Pre- versus post-ventilatory surfactant treatment in surfactant-deficient preterm lambs. Reprod Fertil Dev 1995; 7: 1333\u20138","journal-title":"Reprod Fertil Dev"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199709000-00016","volume":"42","author":"LJ Bj\u00f6rklund","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bj\u00f6rklund LJ, Ingimarsson J, Curstedt T, et al. Manual ventilation with a few large breaths at birth compromises the therapeutic effect of subsequent surfactant replacement in immature lambs. Pediatr Res 1997; 42: 348\u201355","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR185","volume-title":"The Cochrane Collaboration","author":"RF Soll","year":"2001","unstructured":"Soll RF, Morley CJ. Prophylactic versus selective use of surfactant in preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants (Cochrane review). Available from the Cochrane Library [database on disk and CD ROM], updated. The Cochrane Collaboration; issue 4. Oxford: Oxford Update Software, 2001"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)83387-6","volume":"118","author":"TA Merritt","year":"1991","unstructured":"Merritt TA, Hallman M, Berry C, et al. Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of human surfactant given at birth vs rescue administration in very low birthweight infants with lung immaturity. J Pediatr 1991; 118: 581\u201394","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.87.3.377","volume":"87","author":"MS Dunn","year":"1991","unstructured":"Dunn MS, Shennan AT, Zyack D, et al. Bovine surfactant replacement therapy in neonates of less than 30 weeks\u2019 gestation: a randomized controlled trial of prophylaxis vs treatment. Pediatrics 1991; 87: 377\u201386","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199103283241301","volume":"324","author":"JW Kendig","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kendig JW, Notter RH, Cox C, et al. A comparison of surfactant as immediate prophylaxis and as rescue therapy in newborns of less than 30 weeks\u2019 gestation. N Engl J Med 1991; 324: 865\u201371","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-3782(92)90164-C","volume":"29","author":"M Konishi","year":"1992","unstructured":"Konishi M, Fujiwara T, Chida S, et al. A prospective randomized trial of early versus late administration of a single dose of surfactant-TA. Early Hum Dev 1992; 29: 275\u201382","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR190","first-page":"90","volume":"92","author":"J Kattwinkel","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kattwinkel J, Bloom BT, Delmore P, et al. Prophylactic administration of calf lung surfactant extract is more effective than early treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in neonates of 29 through 32 weeks\u2019 gestation. Pediatrics 1993; 92: 90\u20138","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1515\/jpme.1993.21.5.329","volume":"21","author":"G Bevilacqua","year":"1993","unstructured":"Bevilacqua G, Halliday H, Parmigiani S, et al. Randomized multicentre trial of treatment with porcine natural surfactant for moderately severe neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. J Perinat Med 1993; 21: 329\u201340","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1995.tb13792.x","volume":"84","author":"H Walti","year":"1995","unstructured":"Walti H, Paris-Llado J, Breart G, et al. Porcine surfactant replacement therapy in newborns of 25\u201331 weeks\u2019 gestation: a randomized multicentre trial of prophylaxis versus rescue with multiple low doses. Acta Paediatr 1995; 84: 913\u201321","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1515\/jpme.1996.24.6.609","volume":"24","author":"G Bevilacqua","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bevilacqua G, Parmigiani S, Robertson B, et al. Prophylaxis of respiratory distress syndrome by treatment with modified porcine surfactant at birth: a multicentre prospective randomized trial. J Perinat Med 1996; 24: 1\u201312","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"issue":"Suppl.1","key":"BF03257169_CR194","first-page":"47","volume":"68","author":"G Bevilacqua","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bevilacqua G, Chernev T, Parmigiani S, et al. Use of surfactant for prophylaxis versus rescue treatment of respiratory distress syndrome: experience from an Italian-Bulgarian trial. Acta Biomed Ateneo Parmense 1997;68Suppl. 1: 47\u201354","journal-title":"Acta Biomed Ateneo Parmense"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F70","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.77.1.F70","volume":"77","author":"CJ Morley","year":"1997","unstructured":"Morley CJ. Systematic review of prophylactic vs rescue surfactant. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 1997; 77: F70\u20134","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.100.1.e4","volume":"100","author":"J Egberts","year":"1997","unstructured":"Egberts J, Brand R, Walti H, et al. Mortality, severe respiratory distress syndrome and chronic lung disease of the newborn are reduced more after prophylactic than after therapeutic administration of the surfactant Curosurf. Pediatrics 1997; 100: e4","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.101.6.1006","volume":"101","author":"JW Kendig","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kendig JW, Ryan RM, Sinkin RA, et al. Comparison of two strategies for surfactant prophylaxis in very premature infants: a multicenter randomised trial. Pediatrics 1998; 101: 1006\u201312","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200107000-00009","volume":"50","author":"MF Krause","year":"2001","unstructured":"Krause MF, Jakel C, Haberstroh J, et al. Alveolar recruitment promotes homogeneous surfactant distribution in a piglet model of lung injury. Pediatr Res 2001; 50: 34\u201343","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.156.3.9507096","volume":"156","author":"M Krause","year":"1997","unstructured":"Krause M, Olsson T, Law AB, et al. Effect of volume recruitment on response to surfactant treatment in rabbits with lung injury. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997; 156: 862\u20136","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-6576.2001.450811.x","volume":"45","author":"LJ Bj\u00f6rklund","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bj\u00f6rklund LJ, Ingimarsson J, Curstedt T, et al. Lung recruitment at birth does not improve lung function in immature lambs receiving surfactant. Acta An-aesthesiol Scand 2001; 45: 986\u201393","journal-title":"Acta An-aesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(74)90194-X","volume":"120","author":"L Gluck","year":"1974","unstructured":"Gluck L, Knlovich MV, Borer RC, et al The interpretation and significance of the lecithin\/sphingomyelin ratio in amniotic fluid. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1974; 120: 142\u201355","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1979.tb10823.x","volume":"86","author":"RE Pattle","year":"1979","unstructured":"Pattle RE, Kratzing CC, Parkinson CE, et al. Maturity of fetal lungs tested by production of stable microbubbles in amniotic fluid. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1979; 86: 615\u201322","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.1950170608","volume":"17","author":"R Skelton","year":"1994","unstructured":"Skelton R, Jeffery HE. \u2018Click test\u2019: rapid diagnosis of the respiratory distress syndrome. Pediatr Pulmonol 1994; 17: 383\u20139","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-198612000-00011","volume":"20","author":"JC Jackson","year":"1986","unstructured":"Jackson JC, Palmer S, Truog WE, et al. Surfactant quantity and composition during recovery from hyaline membrane disease. Pediatr Res 1986; 20: 1243\u20137","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-198612000-00008","volume":"20","author":"M Hallman","year":"1986","unstructured":"Hallman M, Merritt TA, Pohjavuori M, et al. Effect of surfactant substitution on lung effluent phospholipids in respiratory distress syndrome: evaluation of surfactant phospholipid turnover, pool size, and the relationship to severity of respiratory failure. Pediatr Res 1986; 20: 1228\u201335","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.69.3_Spec_No.276","volume":"69","author":"HL Halliday","year":"1993","unstructured":"Halliday HL, Tarnow-Mordi WO, Corcoran JD, et al. Multicentre randomised trial comparing high and low dose regimens for the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome. (The Curosurf 4 Study). Arch Dis Child 1993; 69: 276\u201380","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00442605","volume":"147","author":"M Konishi","year":"1988","unstructured":"Konishi M, Fujiwara T, Naito T, et al. Surfactant replacement therapy in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: a multi-centre, randomized clinical trial: comparison of high- versus low-dose of Surfactant TA. Eur J Pediatr 1988; 147: 20\u20135","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1994.tb13036.x","volume":"83","author":"L Gortner","year":"1994","unstructured":"Gortner L, Pohlandt F, Bartmann P, et al. High-dose versus low-dose bovine surfactant treatment in very premature infants. Acta Paediatr 1994; 83: 135\u201341","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1998.tb01441.x","volume":"87","author":"A Moen","year":"1998","unstructured":"Moen A, Yu XQ, Almaas R, et al. Acute effects on systemic circulation after intratracheal instillation of Curosurf or Survanta in surfactant-depleted newborn piglets. Acta Paediatr 1998; 87: 297\u2013303","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199205000-00006","volume":"31","author":"JM Davis","year":"1992","unstructured":"Davis JM, Russ GA, Metlay L, et al. Short-term distribution kinetics of intratracheally administered exogenous lung surfactant. Pediatr Res 1992; 31: 445\u201350","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/144.4.909","volume":"144","author":"VS Kharasch","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kharasch VS, Sweeney TD, Fredberg J, et al. Pulmonary surfactant as a vehicle for intratracheal delivery of technetium sulfur colloid and pentamidine in hamster lungs. Am Rev Respir Dis 1991; 144: 909\u201313","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/145.1.24","volume":"145","author":"SB Hall","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hall SB, Venkitaraman AR, Whitsett JA, et al. Importance of hydrophobic apoproteins as constituents of clinical exogenous surfactants. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992; 145: 24\u201330","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1990.68.4.1590","volume":"68","author":"SB Oetomo","year":"1990","unstructured":"Oetomo SB, Lewis J, Ikegami M, et al. Surfactant treatments alter endogenous surfactant metabolism in rabbit lungs. J Appl Physiol 1990; 68: 1590\u20136","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199308000-00009","volume":"34","author":"J van der Bleek","year":"1993","unstructured":"van der Bleek J, Plotz FB, van Overbeek FM, et al. Distribution of exogenous surfactant in rabbits with severe respiratory failure: the effect of volume. Pediatr Res 1993; 34: 154\u20138","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI111280","volume":"73","author":"A Jobe","year":"1984","unstructured":"Jobe A, Ikegami M, Jacobs H, et al. Surfactant and pulmonary blood flow distributions following treatment of premature lambs with natural surfactant. J Clin Invest 1984; 73: 848\u201356","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/141.3.743","volume":"141","author":"N Gilliard","year":"1990","unstructured":"Gilliard N, Richman PM, Merritt TA, et al. Effect of volume and dose on the pulmonary distribution of exogenous surfactant administered to normal rabbits or to rabbits with oleic acid lung injury. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990; 141: 743\u20137","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.3109\/01902149609070036","volume":"22","author":"MH Wagner","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wagner MH, Segerer H, Koch H, et al. Circulatory changes after surfactant bolus instillation in lung-lavaged adult rabbits. Exp Lung Res 1996; 22: 667\u201376","journal-title":"Exp Lung Res"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F81","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.80.2.F81","volume":"80","author":"JR Skinner","year":"1999","unstructured":"Skinner JR, Hunter S, Poets CF, et al. Haemodynamic effects of altering arterial oxygen saturation in preterm infants with respiratory failure. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 1999; 80: F81\u20137","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199704000-00006","volume":"41","author":"A Moen","year":"1997","unstructured":"Moen A, Yu XQ, Rootwelt T, et al. Acute effects on systemic and pulmonary hemodynamics of intratracheal instillation of porcine surfactant or saline in surfactant-depleted newborn piglets. Pediatr Res 1997; 41: 486\u201392","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0496(199803)25:3<191::AID-PPUL9>3.0.CO;2-P","volume":"25","author":"AH Hamdan","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hamdan AH, Shaw NJ. Changes in pulmonary artery pressure during the acute phase of respiratory distress syndrome treated with three different types of surfactant. Pediatr Pulmonol 1998; 25: 191\u20135","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1159\/000244286","volume":"69","author":"H Segerer","year":"1996","unstructured":"Segerer H, Scheid A, Wagner MH, et al. Rapid tracheal infusion of surfactant versus bolus instillation in rabbits: effects on oxygenation, blood pressure and surfactant distribution. Biol Neonat 1996; 69: 119\u201327","journal-title":"Biol Neonat"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199310000-00021","volume":"34","author":"H Segerer","year":"1993","unstructured":"Segerer H, Van Gelder W, Angenent FW, et al. Pulmonary distribution and efficacy of exogenous surfactant in lung-lavaged rabbits are influenced by the instillation technique. Pediatr Res 1993; 34: 490\u20134","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1994.76.1.45","volume":"76","author":"T Ueda","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ueda T, Ikegami M, Rider ED, et al. Distribution of surfactant and ventilation in surfactant-treated preterm lambs. J Appl Physiol 1994; 76: 45\u201355","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR224","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)83440-7","volume":"122","author":"EM Zola","year":"1993","unstructured":"Zola EM, Gunkel JH, Chan RK, et al. Comparison of three dosing procedures for administration of bovine surfactant to neonates with respiratory distress. J Pediatr 1993; 122: 453\u20139","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1997.tb08579.x","volume":"86","author":"A Valls-i-Soler","year":"1997","unstructured":"Valls-i-Soler A, Lopez-Heredia J, Fernandez-Ruanova MB, et al. A simplified surfactant dosing procedure in respiratory distress syndrome: the \u2018side-hole\u2019 randomized study. Acta Paediatr 1997; 86: 747\u201351","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/147.1.218","volume":"147","author":"J Lewis","year":"1993","unstructured":"Lewis J, Ikegami M, Jobe A, et al. Physiologic responses and distribution of aerosolised surfactant (Survanta) in a non-uniform pattern of lung injury. Am Rev Respir Dis 1993; 147: 1364\u201370","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F3","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.78.1.F3","volume":"78","author":"TF Fok","year":"1998","unstructured":"Fok TF, Essa M, Dolovich M, et al. Nebulisation of surfactant in an animal model of neonatal respiratory distress. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 1998; 78: F3\u20139","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR228","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.154.2.8756808","volume":"154","author":"M Henry","year":"1996","unstructured":"Henry M, Rebello C, Ikegami M, et al. Ultrasonic nebulised in comparison with instilled surfactant treatment of preterm lambs. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 154: 366\u201375","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1063\/1.354929","volume":"74","author":"JF Lewis","year":"1993","unstructured":"Lewis JF, Tabor B, Ikegami M, et al. Lung function and surfactant distribution in saline-lavaged sheep given instilled vs nebulised surfactant. J Appl Physiol 1993; 74: 1256\u201364","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2000.tb00084.x","volume":"89","author":"E Berggren","year":"2000","unstructured":"Berggren E, Liljefahl M, Winbladh B, et al. Pilot study of nebulised surfactant therapy for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Acta Paediatr 2000; 89: 460\u20134","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0496(199709)24:3<222::AID-PPUL9>3.0.CO;2-O","volume":"24","author":"G Jorch","year":"1997","unstructured":"Jorch G, Hartl H, Roth B, et al. Surfactant aerosol treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in spontaneously breathing premature infants. Pediatr Pulmonol 1997; 24: 222\u20134","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR232","first-page":"604","volume":"80","author":"HL Galan","year":"1992","unstructured":"Galan HL, Kuehl TJ. Effect of intra-amniotic administration of Exosurf in preterm rabbit fetuses. Obstet Gynecol 1992; 80: 604\u20138","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR233","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-2115(96)02623-1","volume":"71","author":"EV Cosmi","year":"1997","unstructured":"Cosmi EV, La Torre R, Piazze JJ, et al. Intraamniotic surfactant for prevention of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS): rationale and personal experience. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1997; 71: 135\u20139","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR234","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1980.49.6.1091","volume":"49","author":"AH Jobe","year":"1980","unstructured":"Jobe AH, Ikegami M, Sarton-Miller I, et al. Surfactant metabolism of newborn lamb lungs studied in vivo. J Appl Physiol 1980; 49: 1091\u20138","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(83)80673-8","volume":"102","author":"M Ikegami","year":"1983","unstructured":"Ikegami M, Jacobs H, Jobe A. Surfactant function in respiratory distress syndrome. J Pediatr 1983; 102: 443\u20137","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/139.2.352","volume":"139","author":"AH Jobe","year":"1989","unstructured":"Jobe AH, Ikegami M, Seidner SR, et al. Surfactant phosphatidylcholine metabolism and surfactant function in preterm, ventilated lambs. Am Rev Respir Dis 1989; 139: 352\u20139","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR237","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.89.1.13","volume":"89","author":"CP Speer","year":"dy1992","unstructured":"Speer CP, Robertson B, Curstedt T, et al. Randomized European multicenter trial of surfactant replacement therapy for severe neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: single versus multiple doses of Curosurf. Pediatrics dy1992; 89: 13\u201320","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.106.2.282","volume":"106","author":"J Kattwinkel","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kattwinkel J, Bloom BT, Delmore P, et al. High- versus low-threshold surfactant retreatment for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Pediatrics 2000; 106: 282\u20138","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR239","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1080\/080352501300067631","volume":"90","author":"J Figueras-Aloy","year":"2001","unstructured":"Figueras-Aloy J, Quero J, Carbonell-Estrany X, et al. Early administration of the second dose of surfactant (beractant) in the treatment of severe hyaline membrane disease. Acta Paediatr 2001; 90: 296\u2013301","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.1989.tb03014.x","volume":"90","author":"JJ Coalson","year":"1989","unstructured":"Coalson JJ, deLemos RA. Pathologic features of various ventilatory strategies. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1989; 90: 108\u201316","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR241","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/62.6.628","volume":"62","author":"DJ Niblett","year":"1989","unstructured":"Niblett DJ, Sandhar BK, Dunnill MS, et al. Comparison of the effects of high frequency oscillation and controlled mechanical ventilation on hyaline membrane formation in a rabbit model of the neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Br J Anaesth 1989; 62: 628\u201336","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR242","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2150","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1989.66.5.2150","volume":"66","author":"KS Meredith","year":"1989","unstructured":"Meredith KS, deLemos RA, Coalson JJ, et al. Role of lung injury in the pathogenesis of hyaline membrane disease in premature baboons. J Appl Physiol 1989; 66: 2150\u20138","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR243","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.107.2.363","volume":"107","author":"G Moriette","year":"2001","unstructured":"Moriette G, Paris-Llado J, Walti H, et al. Prospective randomized multicenter comparison of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation and conventional ventilation in preterm infants of less than 30 weeks with respiratory distress syndrome. Pediatrics 2001; 107: 363\u201372","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR244","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.150.2.8049842","volume":"150","author":"JC Jackson","year":"1994","unstructured":"Jackson JC, Truog WE, Standaert TA, et al. Reduction in lung injury after combined surfactant and high frequency oscillatory ventilation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 150: 534\u20139","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR245","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/148.3.569","volume":"148","author":"AB Froese","year":"1993","unstructured":"Froese AB, McCulloch PR, Sugiura M, et al. Optimizing alveolar expansion prolongs the effectiveness of exogenous surfactant therapy in the adult rabbit. Am Rev Respir Dis 1993; 148: 569\u201377","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199203000-00016","volume":"31","author":"GP Heldt","year":"1992","unstructured":"Heldt GP, Merritt TA, Golembeski D, et al. Distribution of surfactant, lung compliance, and aeration of preterm rabbit lungs after surfactant therapy and conventional and high-frequency oscillatory ventilation. Pediatr Res 1992; 31: 270\u20135","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR247","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11550.x","volume":"79","author":"KE Edberg","year":"1990","unstructured":"Edberg KE, Ekstrom-Jodal B, Hallman M, et al. Immediate effect on lung function of instilled human surfactant in mechanically ventilated newborn infants with IRDS. Acta Paediatr Scand 1990; 79: 750\u20135","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr Scand"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR248","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)82057-8","volume":"119","author":"LS Goldsmith","year":"1991","unstructured":"Goldsmith LS, Greenspan JS, Rubenstein SD, et al. Immediate improvement in lung volume after exogenous surfactant: alveolar recruitment versus increased distention. J Pediatr 1991; 119: 424\u20138","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR249","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S0929-693X(97)84297-2","volume":"4","author":"V Millet","year":"1997","unstructured":"Millet V, Lacroze V, Bartoli JM, et al. Pression positive continue precoce en salle de travail [early continuous positive pressure in the labour room]. Arch Pediatr 1997; 4:15\u201320","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR250","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1997.tb18303.x","volume":"419","author":"B Jonsson","year":"1997","unstructured":"Jonsson B, Katz-Salaman M, Faxelius G, et al. Neonatal care of very-low-birth-weight infants in special care units and neonatal intensive care units in Stockholm. Early nasal continuous positive airway pressure versus mechanical ventilation. Acta Paediatr 1997; 419: 4\u201310","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199410203311603","volume":"331","author":"H Verder","year":"1994","unstructured":"Verder H, Robertson B, Griesen G, et al. Surfactant therapy and nasal continuous positive airway pressure for newborns with respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med 1994; 331: 1051\u20135","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e24","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.103.2.e24","volume":"103","author":"H Verder","year":"1999","unstructured":"Verder H, Albertsen P, Ebbesen F, et al. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure and early surfactant therapy for respiratory distress syndrome in infants of less than 30 weeks\u2019 gestation. Pediatrics 1999; 103: e24","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"Suppl.1","key":"BF03257169_CR253","first-page":"A7","volume":"86","author":"M o b o Thomson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Thomson MA, on behalf of the IFDAS Study Group. Early Nasal Continuous Positive Airways Pressure (NCPAP) with Prophylactic Surfactant for Neonates at Risk of RDS. The IFDAS Multi-Centre Randomised Trial. Arch Dis Child 2002; 86Suppl. 1: A7","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR254","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.92.2.191","volume":"92","author":"JD Horbar","year":"1993","unstructured":"Horbar JD, Wright EC, Onstad L, et al. Decreasing mortality associated with the introduction of surfactant therapy: an observational study of neonates weighing 601 to 1300 grams at birth. Pediatrics 1993; 92: 191\u20136","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.94.6.792","volume":"94","author":"ME Wegman","year":"1994","unstructured":"Wegman ME. Annual summary of vital statistics: 1993. Pediatrics 1994; 94: 792\u2013803","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR256","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.102.4.893","volume":"102","author":"DK Richardson","year":"1998","unstructured":"Richardson DK, Gray JE, Gortmaker SL, et al. Declining severity adjusted mortality: evidence of improving neonatal intensive care. Pediatrics 1998; 102: 893\u20139","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.101.4.642","volume":"101","author":"TM O\u2019Shea","year":"1998","unstructured":"O\u2019Shea TM, Preisser JS, Klinepeter KL, et al. Trends in mortality and cerebral palsy in a geographically based cohort of very low birth weight neonates born between 1982 to 1994. Pediatrics 1998; 101: 642\u20137","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR258","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Outcome at 2 years of children 23\u201327 weeks\u2019 gestation born in Victoria in 1991\u201392. The Victorian Infant Collaborative Study Group. J Paediatr Child Health 1997; 33: 161\u20135","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.1997.tb01021.x"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70008-0","volume":"126","author":"O Casiro","year":"1995","unstructured":"Casiro O, Bingham W, MacMurray B, et al. One-year follow-up of 89 infants with birth weights of 500 to 749 grams and respiratory distress syndrome randomized to two rescue doses of synthetic surfactant or air placebo. Canadian Exosurf Neonatal Study Group. Canadian Exosurf Neonatal Follow-Up Group. J Pediatr 1995; 126: S53\u201360","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR260","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S43","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70007-2","volume":"126","author":"SE Courtney","year":"1995","unstructured":"Courtney SE, Long W, McMillan D, et al. Double-blind 1-year follow-up of 1540 infants with respiratory distress syndrome randomized to rescue treatment with two doses of synthetic surfactant or air in four clinical trials. American and Canadian Exosurf Neonatal Study Groups. J Pediatr 1995; 126: S43\u201352","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR261","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S68","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70010-2","volume":"126","author":"A Gong","year":"1995","unstructured":"Gong A, Anday E, Boros S, et al. One-year follow-up evaluation of 260 premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome and birth weights of 700 to 1350 grams randomized to two rescue doses of synthetic surfactant or air placebo. American Exosurf Neonatal Study Group I. J Pediatr 1995; 126: S68\u201374","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR262","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S61","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70009-9","volume":"126","author":"S Saigal","year":"1995","unstructured":"Saigal S, Robertson C, Sankaran K, et al. One-year outcome in 232 premature infants with birth weights of 750 to 1249 grams and respiratory distress syndrome randomized to rescue treatment with two doses of synthetic surfactant or air placebo. Canadian Exosurf Neonatal Study Group. J Pediatr 1995; 126: S61\u20137","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR263","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S75","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70011-0","volume":"126","author":"R Sauve","year":"1995","unstructured":"Sauve R, Long W, Vincer M, et al. Outcome at 1-year adjusted age of 957 infants weighing more than 1250 grams with respiratory distress syndrome randomized to receive synthetic surfactant or air placebo. American and Canadian Exosurf Neonatal Study Groups. J Pediatr 1995; 126: S75\u201380","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S20","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70004-8","volume":"126","author":"M Sell","year":"1995","unstructured":"Sell M, Cotton R, Hirata T, et al. One-year follow-up of 273 infants with birth weights of 700 to 1100 grams after prophylactic treatment of respiratory distress syndrome with synthetic surfactant or air placebo. American Exosurf Neonatal Study Group I. J Pediatr 1995; 126: S20\u20135","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR265","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70003-X","volume":"126","author":"FJ Walther","year":"1995","unstructured":"Walther FJ, Mullett M, Schumacher R, et al. One-year follow-up of 66 premature infants weighing 500 to 699 grams treated with a single dose of synthetic surfactant or air placebo at birth: results of a double-blind trial. American Exosurf Neonatal Study Group I. J Pediatr 1995; 126: S13\u20139","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR266","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.65.7_Spec_No.667","volume":"65","author":"CJ Morley","year":"1990","unstructured":"Morley CJ, Morley R. Follow up of premature babies treated with artificial surfactant (ALEC). Arch Dis Child 1990; 65: 667\u20139","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR267","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S33","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70006-4","volume":"126","author":"EN Kraybill","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kraybill EN, Bose C, Corbet A, et al. Double-blind evaluation of developmental and health status to age 2 years of infants weighing 700 to 1350 grams treated prophylactically at birth with a single dose of synthetic surfactant or air placebo. J Pediatr 1995; 126: S33\u201342","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR268","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e11","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.101.5.e11","volume":"101","author":"RA Sinkin","year":"1998","unstructured":"Sinkin RA, Kramer BM, Merzbach JL, et al. School-age follow-up of prophylactic versus rescue surfactant trial: pulmonary, neurodevelopmental, and educational outcomes. Pediatrics 1998; 101: e11","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR269","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.83.1.1","volume":"83","author":"WM Maniscalco","year":"1989","unstructured":"Maniscalco WM, Kendig JW, Shapiro DL. Surfactant replacement therapy: impact on hospital charges for premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome. Pediatrics 1989; 83: 1\u20136","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR270","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.301.6756.842","volume":"301","author":"TR Tubman","year":"1990","unstructured":"Tubman TR, Halliday HL, Normand C. Cost of surfactant replacement treatment for severe neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: a randomised controlled trial. BMJ 1990; 301: 842\u20135","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)80394-4","volume":"123","author":"CS Phibbs","year":"1993","unstructured":"Phibbs CS, Phibbs RH, Wakeley A, et al. Cost effects of surfactant therapy for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. J Pediatr 1993; 123: 953\u201362","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70509-0","volume":"126","author":"JA Mauskopf","year":"1995","unstructured":"Mauskopf JA, Backhouse ME, Jones D, et al. Synthetic surfactant for rescue treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants weighing from 700 to 1350 grams: impact on hospital resource use and charges. J Pediatr 1995; 126: 94\u2013101","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR273","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.2165\/00019053-199406040-00003","volume":"6","author":"ME Backhouse","year":"1994","unstructured":"Backhouse ME, Mauskopf JA, Jones D, et al. Economic outcomes of colfosceril palmitate rescue therapy in infants weighing 1250g or more with respiratory distress syndrome: results from a randomised trial. Pharmacoeconomics 1994; 6: 358\u201369","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR274","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.66.7_Spec_No.757","volume":"66","author":"M Mugford","year":"1991","unstructured":"Mugford M, Piercy J, Chalmers I. Cost implications of different approaches to the prevention of respiratory distress syndrome. Arch Dis Child 1991; 66: 757\u201364","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"Suppl.1","key":"BF03257169_CR275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1159\/000243846","volume":"61","author":"J Egberts","year":"1992","unstructured":"Egberts J. Estimated costs of different treatments of the respiratory distress syndrome in a large cohort of preterm infants of less than 30 weeks of gestation. Biol Neonat 1992; 61Suppl. 1: 59\u201365","journal-title":"Biol Neonat"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR276","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.2165\/00019053-199304040-00006","volume":"4","author":"RF Soll","year":"1993","unstructured":"Soll RF, Jacobs J, Pashko S, et al. Cost effectiveness of beractant in the prevention of respiratory distress syndrome. Pharmacoeconomics 1993; 4: 278\u201386","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1476","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199405263302102","volume":"330","author":"RM Schwartz","year":"1994","unstructured":"Schwartz RM, Luby AM, Scanlon JW, et al. Effect of surfactant on morbidity, mortality, and resource use in newborn infants weighing 500 to 1500 g. N Engl J Med 1994; 330: 1476\u201380","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.2165\/00019053-199508040-00007","volume":"8","author":"J Egberts","year":"1995","unstructured":"Egberts J. Theoretical changes in neonatal hospitalisation costs after the introduction of porcine-derived lung surfactant (\u2018Curosurf\u2019). Pharmacoeconomics 1995; 8: 324\u201342","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR279","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(95)90221-X","volume":"173","author":"KN Simpson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Simpson KN, Lynch SR. Cost savings from the use of antenatal steroids to prevent respiratory distress syndrome and related conditions in premature infants. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1995; 173: 316\u201321","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR280","first-page":"637","volume":"85","author":"VA Davies","year":"1995","unstructured":"Davies VA, Rothberg AD, Ballot DE. The introduction of surfactant replacement therapy into South Africa. S Afr Med J 1995; 85: 637\u201340","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR281","first-page":"646","volume":"85","author":"VA Davies","year":"1995","unstructured":"Davies VA, Ballot DE, Rothberg AD. The cost and effectiveness of surfactant replacement therapy at Johannesburg Hospital, November 1991-December 1992. S Afr Med J 1995; 85: 646\u20139","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"key":"BF03257169_CR282","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02723239","volume":"68","author":"RK Pejaver","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pejaver RK, al Hifzi I, Aldussari S. Surfactant replacement therapy-economic impact. Indian J Pediatr 2001; 68: 501\u20135","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Respiratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF03257169.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF03257169\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF03257169","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF03257169.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]],"date-time":"2025-04-15T11:02:54Z","timestamp":1744714974000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF03257169"}},"subtitle":["A Comparative Review"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]},"references-count":282,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]}},"alternative-id":["BF03257169"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf03257169","relation":{},"ISSN":["1175-6365"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1175-6365","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 September 2012","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}