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Intravenous administration of purified EPS-37 markedly ameliorated arthritis and reduced CII-specific antibody production. EPS-37 injected subcutaneously reduced the clinical symptoms of CIA but without the reduction of arthritogenic antibodies. In addition, the effect of EPS-37 on T-cell functions was tested ex vivo and in vitro<jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>EPS-37 inhibited the in vitro proliferation of T cells activated both in vivo (CII immunization) and in vitro (antigen\/mitogen), and markedly reduced the production of interferon (IFN)-\u03b3. These results together with other reports suggest that anti-inflammatory potential of EPS-37 depends on its ability to inhibit either one or the other or both possible inflammatory signaling pathways. Namely, Th1\u2009\u2192\u2009IFN-\u03b3\u2009\u2192\u2009M1 inflammatory macrophages\u2009\u2192\u2009arthritis and\/or Th1\u2009\u2192\u2009IFN-\u03b3\u2009\u2192\u2009B cells\u2009\u2192\u2009arthritogenic antibodies\u2009\u2192\u2009arthritis. We suggest that<jats:italic>L. rhamnosus<\/jats:italic>KL37 EPS might be utilized to control T cell-dependent immune responses in various inflammatory diseases. However, the most effective route of EPS-37 administration needs to be tailored for a given disorder.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00005-020-00581-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,25]],"date-time":"2020-05-25T02:02:36Z","timestamp":1590372156000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Exopolysaccharide from Lactobacillus rhamnosus KL37 Inhibits T Cell-dependent Immune Response in Mice"],"prefix":"10.2478","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3513-8803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernadeta","family":"Nowak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"\u015ar\u00f3ttek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9952-9929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Ciszek-Lenda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3252-2367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Ska\u0142kowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2206-6591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrzej","family":"Gamian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3206-0695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabina","family":"G\u00f3rska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7302-6648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janusz","family":"Marcinkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"581_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1785","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-20243-1","volume":"8","author":"M Bermudez-Brito","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bermudez-Brito M, Borghuis T, Daniel C et al (2018) L. plantarum WCFS1 enhances Treg frequencies by activating DCs even in absence of sampling of bacteria in the Peyer patches. 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