{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T05:32:56Z","timestamp":1784957576226,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763683200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Inflamm. Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-025-02142-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T01:51:43Z","timestamp":1763689903000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The OX40-OX40L Co-stimulatory pathway in dermatology: emerging frontiers for therapeutic approaches"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7360-6267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia Jardim","family":"Criado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2871-0306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Bueno-Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6665-319X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Eduarda Trocoli","family":"Zanetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7505-210X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luisa Karla","family":"Arruda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9785-6099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo Ricardo","family":"Criado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2142_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ishii N, Takahashi T, Soroosh P, Sugamura K. OX40\u2013OX40 Ligand Interaction in T-Cell-Mediated Immunity and Immunopathology. In: Adv Immunol [Internet]. 2010. pp. 63\u201398. Available from: https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0065277610050030","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(10)05003-0"},{"key":"2142_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taefehshokr N, Baradaran B, Baghbanzadeh A, Taefehshokr S. Promising approaches in cancer immunotherapy. Immunobiology [Internet]. 2020;225(2):151875. Available from: https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0171298519302517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2019.11.010"},{"key":"2142_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sadrolashrafi K, Guo L, Kikuchi R, Hao A, Yamamoto RK, Tolson HC et al. An OX-Tra\u2019Ordinary Tale: The Role of OX40 and OX40L in Atopic Dermatitis. Cells [Internet]. 2024;13(7):587. Available from: https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4409\/13\/7\/587","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13070587"},{"key":"2142_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"van der Zwan M, Hesselink DA, van den Hoogen MWF, Baan CC. Costimulation Blockade in Kidney Transplant Recipients. Drugs [Internet]. 2020;80(1):33\u201346. Available from: http:\/\/link.springer.com\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40265-019-01226-6","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-019-01226-6"},{"key":"2142_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Akiba H, Miyahira Y, Atsuta M, Takeda K, Nohara C, Futagawa T et al. Critical Contribution of Ox40 Ligand to T Helper Cell Type 2 Differentiation in Experimental Leishmaniasis. J Exp Med [Internet]. 2000;191(2):375\u201380. Available from: https:\/\/rupress.org\/jem\/article\/191\/2\/375\/51003\/Critical-Contribution-of-Ox40-Ligand-to-T-Helper","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.191.2.375"},{"key":"2142_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tripathi T, Yin W, Xue Y, Zurawski S, Fujita H, Hanabuchi S et al. Central Roles of OX40L\u2013OX40 Interaction in the Induction and Progression of Human T Cell\u2013Driven Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease. Immunohorizons [Internet]. 2019;3(3):110\u201320. Available from: https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/immunohorizons\/article\/3\/3\/110\/7823469","DOI":"10.4049\/immunohorizons.1900001"},{"key":"2142_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Griseri T, Asquith M, Thompson C, Powrie F. OX40 is required for regulatory T cell\u2013mediated control of colitis. Journal of Experimental Medicine [Internet]. 2010;207(4):699\u2013709. Available from: https:\/\/rupress.org\/jem\/article\/207\/4\/699\/40704\/OX40-is-required-for-regulatory-T-cell-mediated","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20091618"},{"key":"2142_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Thapa B, Kato S, Nishizaki D, Miyashita H, Lee S, Nesline MK et al. OX40\/OX40 ligand and its role in precision immune oncology. Cancer and Metastasis Reviews [Internet]. 2024;43(3):1001\u201313. Available from: https:\/\/link.springer.com\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10555-024-10184-9","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-024-10184-9"},{"key":"2142_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fu Y, Lin Q, Zhang Z, Zhang L. Therapeutic strategies for the costimulatory molecule OX40 in T-cell-mediated immunity. Acta Pharm Sin B [Internet]. 2020;10(3):414\u201333. Available from: https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2211383519306161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2019.08.010"},{"issue":"16","key":"2142_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4236","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-15-2614","volume":"22","author":"C Lai","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lai C, August S, Albibas A, Behar R, Cho SY, Polak ME, et al. OX40\u2009+\u2009Regulatory T cells in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma suppress effector T-Cell responses and associate with metastatic potential. Clin Cancer Res. 2016;22(16):4236\u201348.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"2142_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kawana Y, Suga H, Kamijo H, Miyagaki T, Sugaya M, Sato S. Roles of OX40 and OX40 Ligand in Mycosis Fungoides and S\u00e9zary Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci [Internet]. 2021;22(22):12576. Available from: https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/22\/22\/12576","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222212576"},{"key":"2142_CR12","unstructured":"Providence H, Services. ClinicalTrials.gov. 2018 [cited 2025 Oct 24]. Study of MEDI0562 Prior to Surgical Resection in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) or Melanoma. Available from: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT03336606"},{"key":"2142_CR13","unstructured":"Diab A, Hamid O, Thompson JA, Ros W, Eskens FALM, Doi T et al. A Phase I, open-label, dose-escalation study of the OX40 agonist ivuxolimab in patients with locally advanced or metastatic cancers. Clin Cancer Res [Internet]. 2022;28(1):71\u201383. Available from: https:\/\/aacrjournals.org\/clincancerres\/article\/28\/1\/71\/675026\/A-Phase-I-Open-Label-Dose-Escalation-Study-of-the"},{"key":"2142_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peng W, Williams LJ, Xu C, Melendez B, McKenzie JA, Chen Y et al. Anti-OX40 antibody directly enhances the function of tumor-reactive CD8\u2009+\u2009T Cells and synergizes with PI3K\u03b2 inhibition in PTEN loss melanoma. Clin Cancer Res [Internet]. 2019;25(21):6406\u201316. Available from: https:\/\/aacrjournals.org\/clincancerres\/article\/25\/21\/6406\/82083\/Anti-OX40-Antibody-Directly-Enhances-The-Function","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-19-1259"},{"key":"2142_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kuang Z, Jing H, Wu Z, Wang J, Li Y, Ni H et al. Development and characterization of a novel anti-OX40 antibody for potent immune activation. Cancer Immunol, Immunother [Internet]. 2020;69(6):939\u201350. Available from: http:\/\/link.springer.com\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00262-020-02501-2","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-020-02501-2"},{"key":"2142_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ma Y, Li J, Wang H, Chiu Y, Kingsley CV, Fry D et al. Combination of PD-1 inhibitor and OX40 agonist induces tumor rejection and immune memory in mouse models of pancreatic cancer. Gastroenterology [Internet]. 2020;159(1):306\u2013319.e12. Available from: https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0016508520303395","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.03.018"},{"key":"2142_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee DH. Update of early phase clinical trials in cancer immunotherapy. BMB Rep [Internet]. 2021;54(1):70\u201388. Available from: http:\/\/www.bmbreports.org\/journal\/view.html?doi=10.5483\/BMBRep.2021.54.1.242","DOI":"10.5483\/BMBRep.2021.54.1.242"},{"key":"2142_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duhen R, Ballesteros-Merino C, Frye AK, Tran E, Rajamanickam V, Chang SC et al. Neoadjuvant anti-OX40 (MEDI6469) therapy in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma activates and expands antigen-specific tumor-infiltrating T cells. Nat Commun [Internet]. 2021;12(1):1047. Available from: https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-021-21383-1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21383-1"},{"key":"2142_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iriki H, Takahashi H, Amagai M. Diverse role of OX40 on T cells as a therapeutic target for skin diseases. J Investig Dermatol [Internet]. 2023;143(4):545\u201353. Available from: https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022202X22028366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2022.11.009"},{"key":"2142_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yao W, German B, Chraa D, Braud A, Hugel C, Meyer P et al. Keratinocyte-derived cytokine TSLP promotes growth and metastasis of melanoma by regulating the tumor-associated immune microenvironment. JCI Insight [Internet]. 2022;7(21). Available from: https:\/\/insight.jci.org\/articles\/view\/161438","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.161438"},{"key":"2142_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang Y, Liu C, Peng W, Liz\u00e9e G, Overwijk WW, Liu Y et al. Antitumor T-cell responses contribute to the effects of dasatinib on c-KIT mutant murine mastocytoma and are potentiated by anti-OX40. Blood [Internet]. 2012;120(23):4533\u201343. Available from: https:\/\/ashpublications.org\/blood\/article\/120\/23\/4533\/30905\/Antitumor-Tcell-responses-contribute-to-the","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-02-407163"},{"key":"2142_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sibilano R, Pucillo C, Frossi B. Modulation of Fc\u03b5RI-dependent mast cell response by OX40L. In: Methods Mol Biol [Internet]. 2014. pp. 23\u201330. Available from: https:\/\/link.springer.com\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4939-0669-7_3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-0669-7_3"},{"key":"2142_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Criado RFJ, Criado PR, Pagliari C, Sotto MN, Machado Filho CD, Bianco B. M2 macrophage polarization in chronic spontaneous urticaria refractory to antihistamine treatment. Allergol Int [Internet]. 2021;70(4):504\u20136. Available from: https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1323893021000435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alit.2021.03.005"},{"key":"2142_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bansal-Pakala P, Halteman BS, Cheng MHY, Croft M. Costimulation of CD8 T cell responses by OX40. The J Immunol [Internet]. 2004;172(8):4821\u20135. Available from: https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jimmunol\/article\/172\/8\/4821\/8060133","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.8.4821"},{"key":"2142_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen Y, Griffiths CEM, Bulfone-Paus S. Exploring mast Cell\u2013CD8 T cell interactions in inflammatory skin diseases. Int J Mol Sci [Internet]. 2023;24(2):1564. Available from: https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/24\/2\/1564","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24021564"},{"key":"2142_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deng R, Chen X, Zhang Y, Bian F, Gao N, Hu J et al. Short ragweed pollen promotes M2 macrophage polarization via TSLP\/TSLPR\/OX40L signaling in allergic inflammation. Mucosal Immunol [Internet]. 2019;12(5):1141\u20139. Available from: https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1933021922004378","DOI":"10.1038\/s41385-019-0187-8"},{"key":"2142_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee YK, Mukasa R, Hatton RD, Weaver CT. Developmental plasticity of Th17 and Treg cells. Curr Opin Immunol [Internet]. 2009;21(3):274\u201380. Available from: https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0952791509001034","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2009.05.021"},{"key":"2142_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Suurmond J, Habets KLL, Dorj\u00e9e AL, Huizinga TW, Toes REM. Expansion of Th17 cells by human mast cells is driven by inflammasome-Independent IL-1\u03b2. The J Immunol [Internet]. 2016;197(11):4473\u201381. Available from: https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jimmunol\/article\/197\/11\/4473\/7973663","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1502640"},{"issue":"3","key":"2142_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-017-8646-z","volume":"54","author":"D Elieh Ali Komi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Elieh Ali Komi D, Grauwet K. Role of mast cells in regulation of T cell responses in experimental and clinical settings. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2018;54(3):432\u201345.","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"2142_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Piconese S, Gri G, Tripodo C, Musio S, Gorzanelli A, Frossi B et al. Mast cells counteract regulatory T-cell suppression through interleukin-6 and OX40\/OX40L axis toward Th17-cell differentiation. Blood [Internet]. 2009;114(13):2639\u201348. Available from: https:\/\/ashpublications.org\/blood\/article\/114\/13\/2639\/26414\/Mast-cells-counteract-regulatory-Tcell-suppression","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-05-220004"},{"key":"2142_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hong GU, Lim JY, Kim NG, Shin JH, Ro JY. IgE and IgA produced by OX40\u2013OX40L or CD40\u2013CD40L interaction in B cells\u2013mast cells re-activate Fc\u03b5RI or Fc\u03b1RI on mast cells in mouse allergic asthma. Eur J Pharmacol [Internet]. 2015;754:199\u2013210. Available from: https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0014299915001302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2015.02.023"},{"key":"2142_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sibilano R, Gri G, Frossi B, Tripodo C, Suzuki R, Rivera J et al. Technical advance: Soluble OX40 molecule mimics regulatory T cell modulatory activity on Fc\u025bRI-dependent mast cell degranulation. J Leukoc Biol [Internet]. 2011;90(4):831\u20138. Available from: https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jleukbio\/article\/90\/4\/831\/6960294","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1210651"},{"key":"2142_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Diotallevi F, Gioacchini H, De Simoni E, Marani A, Candelora M, Paolinelli M et al. Vitiligo, from Pathogenesis to therapeutic advances: State of the Art. Int J Mol Sci [Internet]. 2023;24(5):4910. Available from: https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/24\/5\/4910","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24054910"},{"key":"2142_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gay-Mimbrera J, Lozano-Ojalvo D, G\u00f3mez-Arias PJ, Rivera-Ruiz I, Aguilar-Luque M, Moch\u00f3n-Jim\u00e9nez C et al. Comprehensive single-cell chromatin and transcriptomic profiling of peripheral immune cells in nonsegmental vitiligo. British Journal of Dermatology [Internet]. 2025;193(1):115\u201324. Available from: https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjd\/article\/193\/1\/115\/7994225","DOI":"10.1093\/bjd\/ljaf041"},{"key":"2142_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Matsumura Y, Hori T, Nishigori C, Shirogane K, Toda KI, Uchiyama T et al. Expression of CD134 and CD134 ligand in lesional and nonlesional psoriatic skin. Arch Dermatol Res [Internet]. 2003;294(12):563\u20136. Available from: http:\/\/link.springer.com\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00403-002-0363-6","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-002-0363-6"},{"key":"2142_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guo R, Zhang T, Meng X, Lin Z, Lin J, Gong Y et al. Lymphocyte mass cytometry identifies a CD3-CD4\u2009+\u2009cells subset with a potential role in psoriasis. JCI Insight [Internet]. 2019;2019. Available from: http:\/\/insight.jci.org\/articles\/view\/125306","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.125306"},{"key":"2142_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Papp KA, Gooderham MJ, Girard G, Raman M, Strout V. Phase I randomized study of KHK4083, an anti-OX40 monoclonal antibody, in patients with mild to moderate plaque psoriasis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol [Internet]. 2017;31(8):1324\u201332. Available from: https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jdv.14313","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.14313"},{"key":"2142_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Iriki H, Takahashi H, Wada N, Nomura H, Mukai M, Kamata A et al. Peripheral tolerance by Treg via constraining OX40 signal in autoreactive T cells against desmoglein 3, a target antigen in pemphigus. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences [Internet]. 2021;118(49):7\u201310. Available from: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2026763118","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2026763118"},{"key":"2142_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bertolini M, Zilio F, Rossi A, Kleditzsch P, Emelianov VE, Gilhar A et al. Abnormal interactions between perifollicular mast cells and CD8\u2009+\u2009T-cells may contribute to the pathogenesis of alopecia areata. Eckert RL, editor. PLoS One [Internet]. 2014;9(5):e94260. Available from: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0094260","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0094260"},{"key":"2142_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Remedios KA, Zirak B, Sandoval PM, Lowe MM, Boda D, Henley E et al. The TNFRSF members CD27 and OX40 coordinately limit TH17 differentiation in regulatory T cells. Sci Immunol. 2018;3(30):eaau2042.","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aau2042"},{"key":"2142_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Navrazhina K, Renert-Yuval Y, Khattri S, Hamade H, Meariman M, Andrews E et al. Tape strips detect molecular alterations and cutaneous biomarkers in skin of patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. J Am Acad Dermatol [Internet]. 2024;90(4):749\u201358. Available from: https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0190962223032632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2023.11.048"},{"key":"2142_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Papadopoulos C, Terzis G, Papadimas GK, Manta P. OX40-OX40L expression in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. Anal Quant Cytopathol Histpathol [Internet]. 2013;35(1):17\u201326. Available from: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/23469620","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2013.07.1527"},{"key":"2142_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wen M, Ying Y, Xiao X, Arnold PR, Wang G, Chu X et al. Ox40-Cre\u2013mediated deletion of BRD4 reveals an unexpected phenotype of hair follicle stem cells in alopecia. JCI Insight [Internet]. 2022;7(23). Available from: https:\/\/insight.jci.org\/articles\/view\/164534","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.164534"},{"key":"2142_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miyagawa F, Nakamura Y, Miyashita K, Iioka H, Himuro Y, Ogawa K et al. Preferential expression of CD134, an HHV-6 cellular receptor, on CD4T cells in drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS)\/drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS). J Dermatol Sci [Internet]. 2016;83(2):151\u20134. Available from: https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0923181116300706","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2016.05.001"},{"key":"2142_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mitsui Y, Shinkuma S, Nakamura-Nishimura Y, Ommori R, Ogawa K, Miyagawa F et al. Serum Soluble OX40 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome\/drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract [Internet]. 2022;10(2):558\u2013565.e4. Available from: https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2213219821011958","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2021.10.042"},{"issue":"8","key":"2142_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20030351","volume":"198","author":"IR Humphreys","year":"2003","unstructured":"Humphreys IR, Walzl G, Edwards L, Rae A, Hill S, Hussell T. A critical role for OX40 in T Cell\u2013mediated immunopathology during lung viral infection. J Exp Med. 2003;198(8):1237\u201342.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"2142_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Guttman-Yassky E, Esfandiari E, Mano H, Arai T, Irvine AD, Cork MJ et al. Durable improvements in atopic dermatitis in the head and neck and across other anatomic regions with rocatinlimab. Arch Dermatol Res [Internet]. 2024;316(10):747. Available from: https:\/\/link.springer.com\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00403-024-03426-x","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-024-03426-x"},{"issue":"10372","key":"2142_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)02037-2","volume":"401","author":"E Guttman-Yassky","year":"2023","unstructured":"Guttman-Yassky E, Simpson EL, Reich K, Kabashima K, Igawa K, Suzuki T, et al. An anti-OX40 antibody to treat moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: a multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2b study. Lancet. 2023;401(10372):204\u201314.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"2142_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1093\/bjd\/ljad240","volume":"189","author":"S Weidinger","year":"2023","unstructured":"Weidinger S, Bieber T, Cork MJ, Reich A, Wilson R, Quaratino S, et al. Safety and efficacy of amlitelimab, a fully human nondepleting, noncytotoxic anti-OX40 ligand monoclonal antibody, in atopic dermatitis: results of a phase IIa randomized placebo-controlled trial. Br J Dermatol. 2023;189(5):531\u20139.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2142_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weidinger S, Blauvelt A, Papp KA, Reich A, Lee CH, Worm M et al. Phase 2b randomized clinical trial of amlitelimab, an anti-OX40 ligand antibody, in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol [Internet]. 2025;155(4):1264\u201375. Available from: https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0091674924011758","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2024.10.031"},{"key":"2142_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rewerska B, Sher LD, Alpizar S, Pauser S, Pulka G, Mozaffarian N et al. Phase 2b randomized trial of OX40 inhibitor telazorlimab for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol: Globa [Internet]. 2023;3(1):100195. Available from: https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2772829323001200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacig.2023.100195"},{"key":"2142_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nakajima S, Yonekura S, Kabashima K. Targeting the OX40-OX40L pathway: A new era in atopic dermatitis management by T-cell rebalancing. J Allergy Clin Immunol [Internet]. 2025;155(4):1211\u20133. Available from: https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0091674925001745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2025.02.007"},{"key":"2142_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sullivan RJ, Yeku OO, Teoh D, Gupta S, Matei D, Laino AS et al. First-in-human phase I\/II, open-label study of mRNA-2416 alone or combined with durvalumab in patients with advanced solid tumors and ovarian cancer. Oncologist. 2025;30(6):oyaf115.","DOI":"10.1093\/oncolo\/oyaf115"},{"issue":"10","key":"2142_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e004235","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2021-004235","volume":"10","author":"EJ Davis","year":"2022","unstructured":"Davis EJ, Martin-Liberal J, Kristeleit R, Cho DC, Blagden SP, Berthold D, et al. First-in-human phase I\/II, open-label study of the anti-OX40 agonist INCAGN01949 in patients with advanced solid tumors. J Immunother Cancer. 2022;10(10):e004235.","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"2142_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alvarenga JM, Bieber T, Torres T. Emerging Biologic Therapies for the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis. Drugs [Internet]. 2024;84(11):1379\u201394. Available from: https:\/\/link.springer.com\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40265-024-02095-4","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-024-02095-4"}],"container-title":["Inflammation Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00011-025-02142-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00011-025-02142-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00011-025-02142-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T16:54:51Z","timestamp":1767200091000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00011-025-02142-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2142"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00011-025-02142-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1023-3830","1420-908X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1023-3830","type":"print"},{"value":"1420-908X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 November 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 November 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 November 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"PRC received grants from Sanofi and AMGEN related to clinical research and lectures; GJC has no conflicts of interest; RBF received grants from Sanofi, Pfizer and Eli Lilly related to clinical research and lectures; LKA received grants from Sanofi related to clinical research.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"168"}}