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The research protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Ningbo No. 2 Hospital (Approval No. SL-NBEY-KY-2025-203-01). Due to the retrospective nature of the study, which involved the analysis of anonymized data from electronic medical records, the requirement for obtaining informed consent was waived by the approving ethics committee. This study was not registered in a public trials registry and did not involve animal subjects. The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}],"article-number":"20"}}