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Mol. Life Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic> is among the most prevalent invasive fungal pathogens for immunocompromised individuals and novel therapeutic approaches that involve immune response modulation are imperative. Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2), a pattern recognition receptor for DNA sensing, is well recognized for its involvement in inflammasome formation and its crucial role in safeguarding the host against various pathogenic infections. However, the role of AIM2 in host defense against <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> infection remains uncertain. This study reveals that the gene expression of AIM2 is induced in human and mouse innate immune cells or tissues after <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> infection. Furthermore, compared to their wild-type (WT) counterparts, <jats:italic>Aim2<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> mice surprisingly exhibit resistance to <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> infection, along with reduced inflammation in the kidneys post-infection. The resistance of <jats:italic>Aim2<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> mice to <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> infection is not reliant on inflammasome or type I interferon production. Instead, <jats:italic>Aim2<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> mice display lower levels of apoptosis in kidney tissues following infection than WT mice. The deficiency of AIM2 in macrophages, but not in dendritic cells, results in a phenocopy of the resistance observed in <jats:italic>Aim2<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> mice against <jats:italic>C. albican<\/jats:italic> infection. The treatment of Clodronate Liposome, a reagent that depletes macrophages, also shows the critical role of macrophages in host defense against <jats:italic>C. albican<\/jats:italic> infection in <jats:italic>Aim2<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> mice. Furthermore, the reduction in apoptosis is observed in <jats:italic>Aim2<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> mouse macrophages following infection or treatment of DNA from <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> in comparison with controls. Additionally, higher levels of AKT activation are observed in <jats:italic>Aim2<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> mice, and treatment with an AKT inhibitor reverses the host resistance to <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> infection. The findings collectively demonstrate that AIM2 exerts a negative regulatory effect on AKT activation and enhances macrophage apoptosis, ultimately compromising host defense against <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> infection. This suggests that AIM2 and AKT may represent promising therapeutic targets for the management of fungal infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-024-05326-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]],"date-time":"2024-06-25T18:08:15Z","timestamp":1719338895000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["AIM2 enhances Candida albicans infection through promoting macrophage apoptosis via AKT signaling"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Qian","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yayun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siping","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Sui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dalang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Furong","family":"Qing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenji","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuxiang","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianfu","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhichun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5109-4153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiping","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"5326_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3219","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-020-03736-z","volume":"78","author":"AB Strickland","year":"2021","unstructured":"Strickland AB, Shi M (2021) Mechanisms of fungal dissemination. 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