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Mol. Life Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The cytokine IFN\u03b3 is a principal effector of macrophage activation and immune resistance to mycobacterial infection; however, pathogenic mycobacteria are capable of surviving in IFN\u03b3-activated macrophages by largely unknown mechanisms. In this study, we find that pathogenic mycobacteria, including <jats:italic>M. bovis<\/jats:italic> BCG and <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> can sense IFN\u03b3 to promote their proliferative activity and virulence phenotype. Moreover, interaction with the host intracellular environment increases the susceptibility of mycobacteria to IFN\u03b3 through upregulating expression of <jats:italic>mmpL10<\/jats:italic>, a mycobacterial IFN\u03b3 receptor, thereby facilitating IFN\u03b3-dependent survival and growth of mycobacteria in macrophages. Transmission electron microscopy analysis reveals that IFN\u03b3 triggers the secretion of extracellular vesicles, an essential virulence strategy of intracellular mycobacteria, while proteomics identifies numerous pivotal IFN\u03b3-induced effectors required for mycobacterial infection in macrophages. Our study suggests that sensing host IFN\u03b3 is a crucial virulence mechanism used by pathogenic mycobacteria to survive and proliferate inside macrophages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-024-05425-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,2]],"date-time":"2024-09-02T09:02:49Z","timestamp":1725267769000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Enhancement of mycobacterial pathogenesis by host interferon-\u03b3"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1480-8193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huynh Tan","family":"Hop","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pao-Chi","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsin-Yi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"5425_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747799","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.747799","volume":"13","author":"F Ahmad","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ahmad F, Rani A, Alam A, Zarin S, Pandey S, Singh H, Hasnain SE, Ehtesham NZ (2022) Macrophage: a cell with many faces and functions in tuberculosis. 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