{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T02:20:36Z","timestamp":1768530036356,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,27]],"date-time":"2025-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766793600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"STI2030-Major Projects","award":["2022ZD0211700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022ZD0211700"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82325048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82325048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82371458"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82371458"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Basic Research Program of Jiangsu, Jiangsu Province Innovation center for Brain-Inspired intelligence technology","award":["BM2024001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BM2024001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cell. Mol. Life Sci."],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-025-05959-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,27]],"date-time":"2025-12-27T19:05:17Z","timestamp":1766862317000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Identification of epileptic hippocampal sclerosis related genes through bulk and single-nucleus RNA sequencing datasets"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Jincheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhongyu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Die","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yiqiao","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8561-4487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanyu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qigang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"5959_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30454-X","volume":"18","author":"Collaborators GBDE","year":"2019","unstructured":"Collaborators GBDE (2019) Global, regional, and national burden of epilepsy, 1990\u20132016: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2016. Lancet Neurol 18(4):357\u2013375","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"5959_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ayako F et al (2020) Proteomic profile differentiating between mesial Temporal lobe epilepsy with and without hippocampal sclerosis. Epilepsy Res, 168(0)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106502"},{"key":"5959_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-823493-8.00027-4","volume":"187","author":"S Boluda","year":"2022","unstructured":"Boluda S, Seilhean D, Bielle F (2022) Neuropathology of the Temporal lobe. Handb Clin Neurol 187:407\u2013427","journal-title":"Handb Clin Neurol"},{"key":"5959_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2023.102480","volume":"227","author":"D Chong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chong D et al (2023) Multi-omics integration and epilepsy: towards a better understanding of biological mechanisms. Prog Neurobiol 227:102480","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"5959_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.996368","volume":"16","author":"L Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang L et al (2022) Inflammation-related genes and immune infiltration landscape identified in kainite-induced temporal lobe epilepsy based on integrated bioinformatics analysis. Front Neurosci 16:996368","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"5959_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Umpierre AD et al (2024) Microglial P2Y(6) calcium signaling promotes phagocytosis and shapes neuroimmune responses in epileptogenesis. Neuron","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.06.12.544691"},{"issue":"12","key":"5959_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-022-00727-5","volume":"18","author":"A Vezzani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Vezzani A et al (2022) Astrocytes in the initiation and progression of epilepsy. Nat Rev Neurol 18(12):707\u2013722","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"5959_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-019-0126-4","volume":"20","author":"DC Patel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Patel DC et al (2019) Neuron-glia interactions in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. Nat Rev Neurosci 20(5):282\u2013297","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"5959_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphs.2020.07.011","volume":"144","author":"L Iovino","year":"2020","unstructured":"Iovino L, Tremblay ME, Civiero L (2020) Glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in parkinson\u2019s disease: the role of glial cells. J Pharmacol Sci 144(3):151\u2013164","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"5959_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23101","volume":"65","author":"R Fields","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fields R et al (2017) Cholinergic signaling in myelination. Glia 65(5):687\u2013698","journal-title":"Glia"},{"issue":"2","key":"5959_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20160667","volume":"214","author":"L Sha","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sha L et al (2017) Pharmacologic inhibition of Hsp90 to prevent GLT-1 degradation as an effective therapy for epilepsy. J Exp Med 214(2):547\u2013563","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"5959_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23709","volume":"68","author":"M Velasco-Estevez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Velasco-Estevez M et al (2020) Piezo1 regulates calcium oscillations and cytokine release from astrocytes. Glia 68(1):145\u2013160","journal-title":"Glia"},{"issue":"10","key":"5959_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23012","volume":"64","author":"C Rose","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rose C, Verkhratsky A (2016) Glial ionic excitability: the role for sodium. Glia 64(10):1609\u20131610","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"5959_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marie E (2020) B., A roadmap for potassium buffering\/dispersion via the glial network of the CNS. Neurochem Int, 136(0)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2020.104727"},{"issue":"4","key":"5959_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-023-01288-6","volume":"26","author":"ZP Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen ZP et al (2023) Lipid-accumulated reactive astrocytes promote disease progression in epilepsy. Nat Neurosci 26(4):542\u2013554","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"5959_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2180","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-46592-2","volume":"15","author":"L Francois","year":"2024","unstructured":"Francois L et al (2024) Identification of gene regulatory networks affected across drug-resistant epilepsies. Nat Commun 15(1):2180","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"D1","key":"5959_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D587","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac963","volume":"51","author":"M Kanehisa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kanehisa M et al (2023) KEGG for taxonomy-based analysis of pathways and genomes. Nucleic Acids Res 51(D1):D587\u2013D592","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"5959_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1947","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.3715","volume":"28","author":"M Kanehisa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kanehisa M (2019) Toward understanding the origin and evolution of cellular organisms. Protein Sci 28(11):1947\u20131951","journal-title":"Protein Sci"},{"key":"5959_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Suoqin J et al (2021) Inference and analysis of cell-cell communication using cellchat. Nat Commun, 12(1)","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21246-9"},{"issue":"1","key":"5959_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-018-1192-7","volume":"15","author":"A Rana","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rana A, Musto A (2018) The role of inflammation in the development of epilepsy. J Neuroinflammation 15(1):144","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"issue":"2","key":"5959_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-015-1481-5","volume":"131","author":"A Vezzani","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vezzani A et al (2016) Infections, inflammation and epilepsy. Acta Neuropathol 131(2):211\u2013234","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"5959_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2024.578287","volume":"387","author":"E Sanli","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sanli E et al (2024) Peripheral blood regulatory B and T cells are decreased in patients with focal epilepsy. J Neuroimmunol 387:578287","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"issue":"17","key":"5959_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2319607121","volume":"121","author":"M Costanza","year":"2024","unstructured":"Costanza M et al (2024) CNS autoimmune response in the MAM\/pilocarpine rat model of epileptogenic cortical malformation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 121(17):e2319607121","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"5959_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2024.118273","volume":"331","author":"Y Kuang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kuang Y et al (2024) Alkaloids in Uncaria rhynchophylla improves AD pathology by restraining CD4 T cell-mediated neuroinflammation via inhibition of glycolysis in APP\/PS1 mice. J Ethnopharmacol 331:118273","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"5959_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2024.110944","volume":"211","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang Q et al (2024) Isobavachalcone alleviates ischemic stroke by suppressing HDAC1 expression and improving M2 polarization. Brain Res Bull 211:110944","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"issue":"11","key":"5959_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2845","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.17757","volume":"64","author":"Y Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li Y et al (2023) Postoperative seizure and memory outcome of temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis: a systematic review. Epilepsia 64(11):2845\u20132860","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"5959_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2024.105699","volume":"174","author":"S Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang S et al (2024) Current advances in rodent drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy models: hints from laboratory studies. Neurochem Int 174:105699","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"issue":"8","key":"5959_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3330","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1574-14.2015","volume":"35","author":"S Robel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Robel S et al (2015) Reactive astrogliosis causes the development of spontaneous seizures. J Neurosci 35(8):3330\u20133345","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"5959_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2023.106224","volume":"184","author":"Y Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang Y et al (2023) Astrocyte-to-neuron reprogramming and crosstalk in the treatment of Parkinson\u2019s disease. Neurobiol Dis 184:106224","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"5959_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luo D et al (2023) PPAR\u03b1 inhibits astrocyte inflammation activation by restoring autophagic flux after transient brain ischemia. Biomedicines, 11(3)","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11030973"},{"key":"5959_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhu D et al (2023) AQP4 aggravates cognitive impairment in Sepsis-Associated encephalopathy through inhibiting Na 1.6-Mediated astrocyte autophagy. 10(14):e2205862 Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202205862"},{"issue":"2","key":"5959_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2021.01.002","volume":"108","author":"C Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu C et al (2021) Deleterious variants in X-linked CFAP47 induce asthenoteratozoospermia and primary male infertility. Am J Hum Genet 108(2):309\u2013323","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"5959_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liao H et al (2022) WDR87 interacts with CFAP47 protein in the middle piece of spermatozoa flagella to participate in sperm tail assembly. Mol Hum Reprod, 29(1)","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gaac042"},{"key":"5959_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saskia Maria B et al (2016) ATP-induced IL-1\u03b2 secretion is selectively impaired in microglia as compared to hematopoietic macrophages. Glia, 64(12)","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23059"},{"issue":"19","key":"5959_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.2022113246","volume":"42","author":"J Rueda-Carrasco","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rueda-Carrasco J et al (2023) Microglia-synapse engulfment via PtdSer-TREM2 ameliorates neuronal hyperactivity in Alzheimer\u2019s disease models. EMBO J 42(19):e113246","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"issue":"2","key":"5959_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23719","volume":"68","author":"V Kyrargyri","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kyrargyri V et al (2020) P2Y(13) receptors regulate microglial morphology, surveillance, and resting levels of Interleukin 1beta release. Glia 68(2):328\u2013344","journal-title":"Glia"},{"issue":"7","key":"5959_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0218-19.2019","volume":"40","author":"G Milior","year":"2020","unstructured":"Milior G et al (2020) Distinct P2Y receptors mediate extension and retraction of microglial processes in epileptic and peritumoral human tissue. J Neurosci 40(7):1373\u20131388","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"5959_CR38","first-page":"495","volume":"61","author":"H Tozaki-Saitoh","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tozaki-Saitoh H, Tsuda M, Inoue K (2011) Role of purinergic receptors in CNS function and neuroprotection. Adv Pharmacol (San Diego Calif) 61:495\u2013528","journal-title":"Adv Pharmacol (San Diego Calif)"},{"issue":"1","key":"5959_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.64.1.104","volume":"64","author":"F Marteau","year":"2003","unstructured":"Marteau F et al (2003) Pharmacological characterization of the human P2Y13 receptor. Mol Pharmacol 64(1):104\u2013112","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5959_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1142\/S0219635211002646","volume":"10","author":"D Stephanova","year":"2011","unstructured":"Stephanova D et al (2011) The Myelin sheath aqueous layers improve the membrane properties of simulated chronic demyelinating neuropathies. J Integr Neurosci 10(1):105\u2013120","journal-title":"J Integr Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"5959_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-0102(03)00035-X","volume":"46","author":"Y Kamijo","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kamijo Y et al (2003) Regenerative process of the facial nerve: rate of regeneration of fibers and their bifurcations. Neurosci Res 46(2):135\u2013143","journal-title":"Neurosci Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"5959_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3346","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.3832","volume":"10","author":"J Shi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shi J et al (2021) TNF-\u03b1\/NF-\u03baB signaling epigenetically represses PSD4 transcription to promote alcohol-related hepatocellular carcinoma progression. Cancer Med 10(10):3346\u20133357","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"5959_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00003.2012","volume":"93","author":"J Cherfils","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cherfils J, Zeghouf M (2013) Regulation of small GTPases by GEFs, GAPs, and GDIs. Physiol Rev 93(1):269\u2013309","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"5959_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3117","volume":"12","author":"J Donaldson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Donaldson J, Jackson C (2011) ARF family G proteins and their regulators: roles in membrane transport, development and disease. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 12(6):362\u2013375","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"}],"container-title":["Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00018-025-05959-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00018-025-05959-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00018-025-05959-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T10:35:43Z","timestamp":1768473343000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00018-025-05959-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,27]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5959"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00018-025-05959-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-9071"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-9071","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 October 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 October 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 December 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"42"}}