{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T01:00:40Z","timestamp":1780275640563,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776470400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":44,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Basic Research Program of China","award":["2015CB554304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015CB554304"]}]},{"name":"the Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["82170838"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82170838"]}]},{"name":"the Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["82370873"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82370873"]}]},{"name":"the Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["32070176"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32070176"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cell. Mol. Life Sci."],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-025-06072-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T06:25:57Z","timestamp":1776493557000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["HCV infection induces dysregulation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion via the TLR3\/TRIF\/NF-\u03baB-iNOS-NO axis: Implications for prediabetes in HCV patients"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Shitong","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengli","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Rong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinxin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kebinur","family":"Tursun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sulaiman","family":"Ksimu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9104-7742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ning","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jizheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"6072_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-017-9440-1","volume":"19","author":"S Fabiani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fabiani S, Fallahi P, Ferrari SM, Miccoli M, Antonelli A (2018) Hepatitis C virus infection and development of type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 19:405\u2013420","journal-title":"Rev Endocr Metab Disord"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"6072_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2008.01952.x","volume":"29","author":"L Serfaty","year":"2009","unstructured":"Serfaty L, Capeau J (2009) Hepatitis C, insulin resistance and diabetes: clinical and pathogenic data. Liver Int 29(Suppl 2):13\u201325","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"6072_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.08.006","volume":"49","author":"DL White","year":"2008","unstructured":"White DL, Ratziu V, El-Serag HB (2008) Hepatitis C infection and risk of diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hepatol 49:831\u2013844","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"6072_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2008.9","volume":"104","author":"M Kumar","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kumar M, Choudhury A, Manglik N, Hissar S, Rastogi A, Sakhuja P, Sarin SK (2009) Insulin resistance in chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Am J Gastroenterol 104:76\u201382","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"6072_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20092","volume":"10","author":"M Khalili","year":"2004","unstructured":"Khalili M, Lim JW, Bass N, Ascher NL, Roberts JP, Terrault NA (2004) New onset diabetes mellitus after liver transplantation: the critical role of hepatitis C infection. Liver Transpl 10:349\u2013355","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"6072_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2002.31745","volume":"8","author":"AA AlDosary","year":"2002","unstructured":"AlDosary AA, Ramji AS, Elliott TG, Sirrs SM, Thompson DM, Erb SR, Steinbrecher UP, Yoshida EM (2002) Post-liver transplantation diabetes mellitus: an association with hepatitis C. Liver Transpl 8:356\u2013361","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"6072_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9513","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.27267","volume":"119","author":"LH Cao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cao LH, Lu FM, Lu XJ, Zhu LY (2018) Study on the relationship between insulin growth factor 1 and liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Cell Biochem 119:9513\u20139518","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"6072_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.03.020","volume":"41","author":"R Narita","year":"2004","unstructured":"Narita R, Abe S, Kihara Y, Akiyama T, Tabaru A, Otsuki M (2004) Insulin resistance and insulin secretion in chronic hepatitis C virus infection. J Hepatol 41:132\u2013138","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"6072_CR9","first-page":"639","volume":"93","author":"A Garrido Serrano","year":"2001","unstructured":"Garrido Serrano A, Guerrero Igea FJ, Lepe Jimenez JA, Palomo Gil S, Grilo Reina A (2001) Hepatitis C virus infection, increased serum ferritin and hyperinsulinemia. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 93:639\u2013648","journal-title":"Rev Esp Enferm Dig"},{"key":"6072_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1586\/egh.11.43","volume":"5","author":"V Kaddai","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kaddai V, Negro F (2011) Current understanding of insulin resistance in hepatitis C. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 5:503\u2013516","journal-title":"Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"6072_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13924","volume":"90","author":"TR Lim","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lim TR, Hazlehurst JM, Oprescu AI, Armstrong MJ, Abdullah SF, Davies NP, Flintham R, Balfe P, Mutimer DJ, McKeating JA, Tomlinson JW (2019) Hepatitis C virus infection is associated with hepatic and adipose tissue insulin resistance that improves after viral cure. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 90:440\u2013448","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"6072_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23031","volume":"50","author":"E Vanni","year":"2009","unstructured":"Vanni E, Abate ML, Gentilcore E, Hickman I, Gambino R, Cassader M, Smedile A, Ferrannini E, Rizzetto M, Marchesini G, Gastaldelli A, Bugianesi E (2009) Sites and mechanisms of insulin resistance in nonobese, nondiabetic patients with chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology 50:697\u2013706","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"6072_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63408-6","volume":"165","author":"T Kawaguchi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kawaguchi T, Yoshida T, Harada M, Hisamoto T, Nagao Y, Ide T, Taniguchi E, Kumemura H, Hanada S, Maeyama M, Baba S, Koga H, Kumashiro R, Ueno T, Ogata H, Yoshimura A, Sata M (2004) Hepatitis C virus down-regulates insulin receptor substrates 1 and 2 through up-regulation of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3. Am J Pathol 165:1499\u20131508","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"6072_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1515\/CCLM.2009.280","volume":"47","author":"M Persico","year":"2009","unstructured":"Persico M, Russo R, Persico E, Svelto M, Spano D, Andolfo I, La Mura V, Capasso M, Tiribelli C, Torella R, Iolascon A (2009) SOCS3 and IRS-1 gene expression differs between genotype 1 and genotype 2 hepatitis C virus-infected HepG2 cells. Clin Chem Lab Med 47:1217\u20131225","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"6072_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.020644-0","volume":"91","author":"V Pazienza","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pazienza V, Vinciguerra M, Andriulli A, Mangia A (2010) Hepatitis C virus core protein genotype 3a increases SOCS-7 expression through PPAR-{gamma} in Huh-7 cells. J Gen Virol 91:1678\u20131686","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"6072_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4088","DOI":"10.2337\/db15-0197","volume":"64","author":"J Chen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chen J, Wang N, Dong M, Guo M, Zhao Y, Zhuo Z, Zhang C, Chi X, Pan Y, Jiang J, Tang H, Niu J, Yang D, Li Z, Han X, Wang Q, Chen X (2015) The metabolic regulator histone deacetylase 9 contributes to glucose homeostasis abnormality induced by hepatitis C virus infection. Diabetes 64:4088\u20134098","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"6072_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(99)80239-6","volume":"31","author":"AL Zignego","year":"1999","unstructured":"Zignego AL, Brechot C (1999) Extrahepatic manifestations of HCV infection: facts and controversies. J Hepatol 31:369\u2013376","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"6072_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.02.010","volume":"66","author":"M Ramos-Casals","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ramos-Casals M, Zignego AL, Ferri C, Brito-Zeron P, Retamozo S, Casato M, Lamprecht P, Mangia A, Saadoun D, Tzioufas AG, Younossi ZM, Cacoub P, International Study Group of Extrahepatic Manifestations related to, H. C. V (2017) Evidence-based recommendations on the management of extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C virus infection. J Hepatol 66:1282\u20131299","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"6072_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510280531","volume":"28","author":"T Laskus","year":"1998","unstructured":"Laskus T, Radkowski M, Wang LF, Vargas H, Rakela J (1998) Search for hepatitis C virus extrahepatic replication sites in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: specific detection of negative-strand viral RNA in various tissues. Hepatology 28:1398\u20131401","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"6072_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.4.940","volume":"28","author":"M Masini","year":"2005","unstructured":"Masini M, Campani D, Boggi U, Menicagli M, Funel N, Pollera M, Lupi R, Del Guerra S, Bugliani M, Torri S, Del Prato S, Mosca F, Filipponi F, Marchetti P (2005) Hepatitis C virus infection and human pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction. Diabetes Care 28:940\u2013941","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"6072_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20190900","volume":"134","author":"J Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen J, Wang F, Zhou Y, Jiang J, Ksimu S, Zhang X, Li JZ, Niu J, Wang Q (2020) Chronic hepatitis C virus infection impairs insulin secretion by regulation of p38delta MAPK-dependent exocytosis in pancreatic beta-cells. Clin Sci (Lond) 134:529\u2013542","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"6072_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28827","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M801646200","volume":"283","author":"JA Marjanovic","year":"2008","unstructured":"Marjanovic JA, Stojanovic A, Brovkovych VM, Skidgel RA, Du X (2008) Signaling-mediated functional activation of inducible nitric-oxide synthase and its role in stimulating platelet activation. J Biol Chem 283:28827\u201328834","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"6072_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2019.10.001","volume":"31","author":"Z Bahadoran","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bahadoran Z, Mirmiran P, Ghasemi A (2020) Role of nitric oxide in insulin secretion and glucose metabolism. Trends Endocrinol Metab 31:118\u2013130","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"6072_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-12-0223","volume":"214","author":"M da Silva Krause","year":"2012","unstructured":"da Silva Krause M, Bittencourt A, de Homem Bittencourt PI Jr., McClenaghan NH, Flatt PR, Murphy C, Newsholme P (2012) Physiological concentrations of interleukin-6 directly promote insulin secretion, signal transduction, nitric oxide release, and redox status in a clonal pancreatic beta-cell line and mouse islets. J Endocrinol 214:301\u2013311","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"6072_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2551","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.01-0217","volume":"15","author":"WH Kim","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kim WH, Hong F, Jaruga B, Hu Z, Fan S, Liang TJ, Gao B (2001) Additive activation of hepatic NF-kappaB by ethanol and hepatitis B protein X (HBX) or HCV core protein: involvement of TNF-alpha receptor 1-independent and -dependent mechanisms. FASEB J 15:2551\u20132553","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"6072_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0014194","volume":"5","author":"SA Herzberg-Schafer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Herzberg-Schafer SA, Staiger H, Heni M, Ketterer C, Guthoff M, Kantartzis K, Machicao F, Stefan N, Haring HU, Fritsche A (2010) Evaluation of fasting state-\/oral glucose tolerance test-derived measures of insulin release for the detection of genetically impaired beta-cell function. PLoS ONE 5:e14194","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"6072_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-47-4-774","volume":"47","author":"Y Iwasaki","year":"1978","unstructured":"Iwasaki Y, Ohkubo A, Kajinuma H, Akanuma Y, Kosaka K (1978) Degradation and secretion of insulin in hepatic cirrhosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 47:774\u2013779","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"6072_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2023.06.002","volume":"138-139","author":"MA Merenzon","year":"2023","unstructured":"Merenzon MA, Hincapie Arias E, Bhatia S, Shah AH, Higgins DMO, Villaverde M, Belgorosky D, Eijan AM (2023) Nitric oxide synthase inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents for gliomas: a systematic review. Nitric Oxide 138\u2013139:10\u201316","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"},{"key":"6072_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.4077\/CJP.2009.AMH036","volume":"52","author":"HI Chen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chen HI (2009) From neurogenic pulmonary edema to fat embolism syndrome: a brief review of experimental and clinical investigations of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Chin J Physiol 52:339\u2013344","journal-title":"Chin J Physiol"},{"key":"6072_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.2337\/db08-1059","volume":"58","author":"E Oh","year":"2009","unstructured":"Oh E, Thurmond DC (2009) Munc18c depletion selectively impairs the sustained phase of insulin release. Diabetes 58:1165\u20131174","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"6072_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-9086-3_18","volume":"1940","author":"Y Saliba","year":"2019","unstructured":"Saliba Y, Fares N (2019) Isolation, purification, and culture of mouse pancreatic islets of Langerhans. Methods Mol Biol 1940:255\u2013265","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"6072_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46046","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M108378200","volume":"276","author":"Y Kashima","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kashima Y, Miki T, Shibasaki T, Ozaki N, Miyazaki M, Yano H, Seino S (2001) Critical role of cAMP-GEFII--Rim2 complex in incretin-potentiated insulin secretion. J Biol Chem 276:46046\u201346053","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"6072_CR33","first-page":"139","volume":"12","author":"N Azarpira","year":"2014","unstructured":"Azarpira N, Aghdai MH, Nikeghbalian S, Geramizadeh B, Darai M, Esfandiari E, Bahador A, Kazemi K, Al-Abdullah IH, Malek-Hosseini SA (2014) Human islet cell isolation: the initial step in an islet transplanting program in Shiraz, Southern Iran. Exp Clin Transplant 12:139\u2013142","journal-title":"Exp Clin Transplant"},{"key":"6072_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-2807-2_16","volume":"2592","author":"L Wei","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wei L (2023) Isolation and purification of human pancreatic islets. Methods Mol Biol 2592:219\u2013232","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"6072_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1800155","volume":"180","author":"HT Al-Majed","year":"2004","unstructured":"Al-Majed HT, Jones PM, Persaud SJ, Sugden D, Huang GC, Amiel S, Whitehouse BJ (2004) ACTH stimulates insulin secretion from MIN6 cells and primary mouse and human islets of Langerhans. J Endocrinol 180:155\u2013166","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"6072_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02982-14","volume":"89","author":"M Guo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Guo M, Pei R, Yang Q, Cao H, Wang Y, Wu C, Chen J, Zhou Y, Hu X, Lu M, Chen X (2015) Phosphatidylserine-specific phospholipase A1 involved in hepatitis C virus assembly through NS2 complex formation. J Virol 89:2367\u20132377","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"6072_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1006\/niox.1999.0226","volume":"3","author":"K Schulz","year":"1999","unstructured":"Schulz K, Kerber S, Kelm M (1999) Reevaluation of the Griess method for determining NO\/NO2- in aqueous and protein-containing samples. Nitric Oxide 3:225\u2013234","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"},{"key":"6072_CR38","first-page":"1227","volume":"19","author":"S Gheibi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gheibi S, Ghasemi A (2020) Insulin secretion: the nitric oxide controversy. EXCLI J 19:1227\u20131245","journal-title":"EXCLI J"},{"key":"6072_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.03.051","volume":"147","author":"C Hezode","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hezode C, Fontaine H, Dorival C, Zoulim F, Larrey D, Canva V, De Ledinghen V, Poynard T, Samuel D, Bourliere M, Alric L, Raabe JJ, Zarski JP, Marcellin P, Riachi G, Bernard PH, Loustaud-Ratti V, Chazouilleres O, Abergel A, Guyader D, Metivier S, Tran A, Di Martino V, Causse X, Dao T, Lucidarme D, Portal I, Cacoub P, Gournay J, Grando-Lemaire V, Hillon P, Attali P, Fontanges T, Rosa I, Petrov-Sanchez V, Barthe Y, Pawlotsky JM, Pol S, Carrat F, Bronowicki JP, Group, C. S. (2014) Effectiveness of telaprevir or boceprevir in treatment-experienced patients with HCV genotype 1 infection and cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 147:132-142 e134","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"6072_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.05.028","volume":"75","author":"NZ Janjua","year":"2021","unstructured":"Janjua NZ, Wong S, Abdia Y, Jeong D, Buller-Taylor T, Adu PA, Samji H, Wilton J, Pearce M, Butt ZA, Yu A, Binka M, Bartlett S, Alvarez M, Krajden M (2021) Impact of direct-acting antivirals for HCV on mortality in a large population-based cohort study. J Hepatol 75:1049\u20131057","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"6072_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2608","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1512612","volume":"373","author":"GR Foster","year":"2015","unstructured":"Foster GR, Afdhal N, Roberts SK, Brau N, Gane EJ, Pianko S, Lawitz E, Thompson A, Shiffman ML, Cooper C, Towner WJ, Conway B, Ruane P, Bourliere M, Asselah T, Berg T, Zeuzem S, Rosenberg W, Agarwal K, Stedman CA, Mo H, Dvory-Sobol H, Han L, Wang J, McNally J, Osinusi A, Brainard DM, McHutchison JG, Mazzotta F, Tran TT, Gordon SC, Patel K, Reau N, Mangia A, Sulkowski M, Investigators, A.-., Investigators, A.-. (2015) Sofosbuvir and velpatasvir for HCV genotype 2 and 3 infection. N Engl J Med 373:2608\u20132617","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"6072_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virs.2024.06.007","volume":"39","author":"J Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen J, Qiu P, Zhao T, Jiang H, Tursun K, Ksimu S, Chen X, Wang Q (2024) Measures of insulin resistance and beta cell function before and after treatment of HCV infection. Virol Sin 39:667\u2013674","journal-title":"Virol Sin"},{"key":"6072_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50291","volume":"38","author":"SH Mehta","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mehta SH, Brancati FL, Strathdee SA, Pankow JS, Netski D, Coresh J, Szklo M, Thomas DL (2003) Hepatitis C virus infection and incident type 2 diabetes. Hepatology 38:50\u201356","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"6072_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1940","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-019-05918-7","volume":"65","author":"Y Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen Y, Ji H, Shao J, Jia Y, Bao Q, Zhu J, Zhang L, Shen Y (2020) Different hepatitis C virus infection statuses show a significant risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus: a network meta-analysis. Dig Dis Sci 65:1940\u20131950","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"}],"container-title":["Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00018-025-06072-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00018-025-06072-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00018-025-06072-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:02:22Z","timestamp":1780272142000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00018-025-06072-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["6072"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00018-025-06072-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-9071"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-9071","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 December 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 December 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 April 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The animal experiments were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee at the Wuhan Institute of Virology, and conducted in conformity\u2002with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the Wuhan Institute of Virology in ABSL2 facility (Ethic number WIVA02201702). The study involving human subjects complied with the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants and\/or their relatives provided written informed consent for their clinical and pathological information to be used for research and to be stored in the hospital database; this study, including its methods and experimental protocols, was approved by the Ethical Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"No potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported for each author.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"232"}}