{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T01:29:22Z","timestamp":1779154162811,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,7]],"date-time":"2009-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1249603200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00038-009-0061-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,6]],"date-time":"2009-08-06T05:29:46Z","timestamp":1249536586000},"page":"349-355","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["The crisis of health in a crisis ridden region"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Wasim","family":"Maziak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"61_CR1","first-page":"3","volume":"9","author":"Z Abdel Samad","year":"2007","unstructured":"Abdel Samad Z (2007) Civil society in the Arab Region: its necessary role and the obstacles to fulfillment. Int J Not-for-Profit Law 9:3\u201323","journal-title":"Int J Not-for-Profit Law"},{"key":"61_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(03)00221-1","volume":"58","author":"SM Adib","year":"2004","unstructured":"Adib SM (2004) From the biomedical model to the Islamic alternative: a brief overview of medical practices in the contemporary Arab world. Soc Sci Med 58:697\u2013702","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"61_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68402-X","volume":"367","author":"FA Akala","year":"2006","unstructured":"Akala FA, El-Saharty S (2006) Public-health challenges in the Middle East and North Africa. Lancet 367:961\u2013964","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"61_CR4","unstructured":"Al Maaloof N (2007) Honor crimes opposed by law, religion and human rights, who protects it (Arabic). Syria News. Available at www.syria-news.com\/readnews.php?sy_seq=46830 . Accessed 13 Apr 2009"},{"key":"61_CR5","unstructured":"Al-Sadawi A (2009) Gay Iraqis face persecution. Niqash, 22 April. Available at www.niqash.org\/content.php?contentTypeID=74&id=2431&lang=0 . Accessed 9 Apr 2009"},{"key":"61_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801207300658","volume":"13","author":"NH Ammar","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ammar NH (2007) Wife battery in Islam: a comprehensive understanding of interpretations. Violence Against Women 13:516\u2013526","journal-title":"Violence Against Women"},{"key":"61_CR7","unstructured":"Arab Human Development Report (2002) How the Arabs compare. Middle East Quarterly. Available at www.meforum.org\/513\/how-the-arabs-compare . Accessed 23 Apr 2009"},{"key":"61_CR8","unstructured":"Bahgat H (2001) Explaining Egypt\u2019s targeting of gays. Middle East Report July 23. Available at www.merip.org\/mero\/mero072301.html . Accessed 18 Apr 2009"},{"key":"61_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39002.350405.80","volume":"333","author":"RA Bayoumi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bayoumi RA, Yardumian A, Bayoumi RA (2006) Genetic disease in the Arab world. BMJ 333:819","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"61_CR10","unstructured":"Bellin E (2008) Democratization and its discontents; should America push political reform in the Middle East? Foreign Affairs, July\/August"},{"key":"61_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38979.379641.68","volume":"333","author":"ZA Bhutta","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bhutta ZA, Belgaumi A, Abdur Rab M, Karrar Z, Khashaba M, Mouane N (2006) Child health and survival in the Eastern Mediterranean region. BMJ 333:839\u2013842","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"61_CR12","unstructured":"Bibars I (2005) Gender and citizenship in the Arab World, to be or not to be: Arab women\u2019s legal existence and their compromised citizenship. Association for the Development and Enhancement of Women (ADEW). Available at http:\/\/www.adew.org\/ar\/pdf_files\/0010.pdf . Accessed 19 Apr 2009"},{"key":"61_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-072X-5-61","volume":"5","author":"A Boutayeb","year":"2006","unstructured":"Boutayeb A, Serghini M (2006) Health indicators and human development in the Arab region. Int J Health Geogr 5:61","journal-title":"Int J Health Geogr"},{"key":"61_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39002.408808.80","volume":"333","author":"RJ Brennan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Brennan RJ, Sondorp E (2006) Humanitarian aid: some political realities. BMJ 333:817\u2013818","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"61_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69491-9","volume":"368","author":"G Burnham","year":"2006","unstructured":"Burnham G, Lafta R, Doocy S, Roberts L (2006) Mortality after the 2003 invasion of Iraq: a cross-sectional cluster sample survey. Lancet 368:1421\u20131428","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"61_CR16","first-page":"2627","volume":"444","author":"D Butler","year":"2006","unstructured":"Butler D (2006) The data gap. Nature 444:2627","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"61_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(02)00277-1","volume":"79","author":"RJ Cook","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cook RJ, Dickens BM, Fathalla MF (2002) Female genital cutting (mutilation\/circumcision): ethical and legal dimensions. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 79:281\u2013287","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"61_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38993.460197.68","volume":"333","author":"J DeJong","year":"2006","unstructured":"DeJong J, El-Khoury G (2006) Reproductive health of Arab young people. BMJ 333:849\u2013851","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"61_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-003-0170-x","volume":"6","author":"S Douki","year":"2003","unstructured":"Douki S, Nacef F, Belhadj A, Bouasker A, Ghachem R (2003) Violence against women in Arab and Islamic countries. Arch Womens Ment Health 6:165\u2013171","journal-title":"Arch Womens Ment Health"},{"key":"61_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Editorial (2006) Science and the Islamists. Nature 444:1","DOI":"10.1038\/444001a"},{"key":"61_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39002.655000.80","volume":"333","author":"MF Fathalla","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fathalla MF, Rashad H (2006) Sexual and reproductive health of women. BMJ 333:816\u2013817","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"61_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1038\/444033a","volume":"444","author":"N Fergany","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fergany N (2006) Islam and science: steps towards reform. Nature 444:33\u201334","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"61_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.precon.2006.09.001","volume":"2","author":"FM Fouad","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fouad FM, Rastam S, Ward KD, Maziak W (2006) Prevalence of obesity and its associated factors in Aleppo, Syria. Prev Control 2:85\u201394","journal-title":"Prev Control"},{"key":"61_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-3200.16.3.273","volume":"16","author":"MM Haj-Yahia","year":"2002","unstructured":"Haj-Yahia MM (2002) The impact of wife abuse on marital relations as revealed by the Second Palestinian National Survey on violence against women. J Fam Psychol 16:273\u2013285","journal-title":"J Fam Psychol"},{"key":"61_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1177\/095624780501700209","volume":"17","author":"F Hammal","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hammal F, Mock J, Ward KD, Fouad MF, Beech BM, Maziak W (2005) Settling with danger: conditions and health problems in peri-urban neighbourhoods in Aleppo, Syria. Environ Urban 17:113\u2013126","journal-title":"Environ Urban"},{"key":"61_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7517-2-23","volume":"2","author":"M Hasnain","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hasnain M (2005) Cultural approach to HIV\/AIDS harm reduction in Muslim countries. Harm Reduct J 2:23","journal-title":"Harm Reduct J"},{"key":"61_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hefny M (2006) Actualizing water ethics in the regional context of the Arab World. In: Management of intentional and accidental water pollution. Springer, Netherlands, pp 277\u2013311","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-4800-9_25"},{"key":"61_CR29","unstructured":"Hiro D (2006) A setback for democracy; The US-led invasion in Iraq interrupted the Middle East\u2019s gradual movement toward liberalization. Yale Global. Available at http:\/\/www.commondreams.org\/views06\/0505-21.htm . Accessed 19 Apr 2009"},{"key":"61_CR30","unstructured":"Human Rights Watch (2007) Saudi Arabia: rape victim punished for speaking out. Available at http:\/\/hrw.org\/english\/docs\/2007\/11\/16\/saudia17363.htm . Accessed 9 Apr 2009"},{"key":"61_CR31","unstructured":"International Committee of the Red Cross (2009) Gaza: political action needed to resolve humanitarian crisis. Available at http:\/\/www.icrc.org\/web\/eng\/siteeng0.nsf\/htmlall\/palestine-israel-news-230109?opendocument . Accessed 1 Apr 2009"},{"key":"61_CR32","unstructured":"Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (ISESCO) (2000) Strategy for the development of science & technology in Islamic countries. Available at www.isesco.org.ma\/english\/strategy\/documents\/straSCENG.pdf . Accessed 4 Apr 2009"},{"key":"61_CR33","first-page":"923","volume":"82","author":"S Jabbour","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jabbour S, Fouad FM (2004) Religion-based tobacco control interventions: how should WHO proceed? Bull World Health Organ 82:923\u2013927","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"61_CR34","volume-title":"Gender and citizenship in the Middle East","author":"S Joseph","year":"2000","unstructured":"Joseph S (2000) Gender and citizenship in the Middle East. Syracuse University Press, Syracuse"},{"key":"61_CR35","first-page":"7","volume":"237","author":"AD Kulwicki","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kulwicki AD (2002) The practice of honor crimes: a glimpse of domestic violence in the Arab world. Issues Ment Health Nurs 237:7\u201387","journal-title":"Issues Ment Health Nurs"},{"key":"61_CR36","unstructured":"LeVine M (2002) The UN Arab Human Development Report: a critique. Middle East Report. Available at www.merip.org\/mero\/mero072602.html . Accessed 11 Apr 2009"},{"key":"61_CR37","unstructured":"Lord KM (2009) The Arab world\u2019s uneven progress. Christian Science Monitor. Available at www.csmonitor.com\/2009\/0220\/p09s01-coop.html . Accessed 19 Apr 2009"},{"key":"61_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.333.7573.859","volume":"333","author":"J Makhoul","year":"2006","unstructured":"Makhoul J, El-Barbir F (2006) Obstacles to health in the Arab world. BMJ 333:859","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"61_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1038\/444022a","volume":"444","author":"E Masood","year":"2006","unstructured":"Masood E (2006) Islam and science: an Islamist revolution. Nature 444:22\u201325","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"61_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)15500-1","volume":"363","author":"W Maziak","year":"2004","unstructured":"Maziak W (2004) Geography of biomedical publications. Lancet 363:490","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"61_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1114330","volume":"308","author":"W Maziak","year":"2005","unstructured":"Maziak W (2005) Global voices of science. Science in the Arab world: vision of glories beyond. Science 308:1416\u20131418","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"61_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39006.478796.80","volume":"333","author":"W Maziak","year":"2006","unstructured":"Maziak W (2006) Health in the Middle East. BMJ 333:815\u2013816","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"61_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1080\/07399330390191689","volume":"24","author":"W Maziak","year":"2003","unstructured":"Maziak W, Asfar T (2003) Physical abuse in low-income women in Aleppo, Syria. Health Care Women Int 24:313\u2013326","journal-title":"Health Care Women Int"},{"issue":"54","key":"61_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(01)00123-X","volume":"2002","author":"W Maziak","year":"2002","unstructured":"Maziak W, Asfar T, Mzayek F, Fouad FM, Kilzieh N (2002) Socio-demographic correlates of psychiatric morbidity among low-income women in Aleppo, Syria. Soc Sci Med 2002(54):1419\u20131427","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"61_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-005-0625-7","volume":"78","author":"W Maziak","year":"2005","unstructured":"Maziak W, Ward KD, Mzayek F, Rastam S, Bachir ME, Fouad MF, Hammal F, Asfar T, Mock J, Nuwayhid I, Frumkin H, Grimsley F, Chibli M (2005) Mapping the health and environmental situation in informal zones in Aleppo, Syria: report from the Aleppo household survey. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 78:547\u2013558","journal-title":"Int Arch Occup Environ Health"},{"key":"61_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38994.548125.94","volume":"333","author":"A Musani","year":"2006","unstructured":"Musani A, Shaikh I (2006) Preparedness for humanitarian crises needs to be improved. BMJ 333:843\u2013845","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"7573","key":"61_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39003.517731.BE","volume":"333","author":"S Nishtar","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nishtar S (2006) Lessons in tackling chronic disease. BMJ 333(7573):820","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"61_CR49","first-page":"4","volume":"5","author":"M Noland","year":"2007","unstructured":"Noland M (2007) The looming Arab employment crisis. Int Econ 5:4\u201357","journal-title":"Int Econ"},{"key":"61_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38994.400370.7C","volume":"333","author":"CM Obermeyer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Obermeyer CM (2006) HIV in the Middle East. BMJ 333:851\u2013854","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"61_CR51","unstructured":"Press Conference by United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (2007) Available at www.reliefweb.int\/rw\/RWB.NSF\/db900SID\/MCON-72T3DQ?OpenDocument . Accessed 20 Apr 2009"},{"key":"61_CR52","unstructured":"Sano KM (2006) The Islamic world and the West (Arabic). Haraa 8. Available at http:\/\/www.hiramagazine.com\/archives_show.php?ID=160&ISSUE=8"},{"key":"61_CR53","unstructured":"Sawahel W (2004) Brain drain threatens future of Arab science. SciDev.Net, 3 June"},{"key":"61_CR54","unstructured":"Shehada NY (2004) The rise of fundamentalism and the role of the \u2018State\u2019 in the specific political context of Palestine. WLUML-Warning signs of fundamentalisms. Available at www.wluml.org\/english\/pubs\/pdf\/wsf\/nahda-1.pdf . Accessed 3 Apr 2009"},{"key":"61_CR55","volume-title":"Towards the rise of women in the Arab World","author":"The Arab Human Development Report 2005","year":"2006","unstructured":"The Arab Human Development Report 2005 (2006) Towards the rise of women in the Arab World. United Nations Development Programme, Regional Bureau for Arab States (RBAS), New York"},{"key":"61_CR47","unstructured":"UN Daily News (2007) Available at www.un.org\/news\/dh\/pdf\/english\/2007\/09042007 . Accessed 22 Apr 2009"},{"key":"61_CR56","unstructured":"United Nations Development Programme, Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development (2002) Arab human development report 2002. UNDP, New York"},{"key":"61_CR57","unstructured":"Walsh J (2003) Egypt\u2019s muslim brotherhood, understanding centrist Islam. Harvard International Review. Available at www.hir.harvard.edu\/articles\/1048\/ . Accessed 14 Apr 2009"},{"key":"61_CR19","unstructured":"The World Bank (2008) World Development Indicators online. The World Bank, Washington, DC. Available at http:\/\/go.worldbank.org\/U0FSM7AQ40 . Accessed 14 Apr 2009"},{"key":"61_CR58","unstructured":"World Report (2001) Human rights watch, Middle East and Northern Africa overview. Available at http:\/\/www.hrw.org\/wr2k1\/mideast\/index.html . Accessed 29 April 2009"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00038-009-0061-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00038-009-0061-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00038-009-0061-7","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,22]],"date-time":"2019-05-22T15:08:51Z","timestamp":1558537731000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00038-009-0061-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,7]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]}},"alternative-id":["61"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00038-009-0061-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1661-8556","1420-911X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1661-8556","type":"print"},{"value":"1420-911X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,7]]}}}