{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T22:05:50Z","timestamp":1778796350888,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,21]],"date-time":"2017-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1487635200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Orofac Orthop"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-016-0059-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,21]],"date-time":"2017-02-21T12:11:19Z","timestamp":1487679079000},"page":"121-128","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Differences between active and passive self-ligating brackets for orthodontic treatment","Unterschiede zwischen aktiven und passiven selbstligierenden Brackets bei der kieferorthop\u00e4dischen Behandlung"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Xianrui","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yiruo","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengyuan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yinqiu","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongzhe","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ding","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"59_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-6343.2011.01527.x","volume":"14","author":"PM Cattaneo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cattaneo PM, Treccani M, Carlsson K, Thorgeirsson T, Myrda A, Cevidanes LH, Melsen B (2011) Transversal maxillary dento-alveolar changes in patients treated with active and passive self-ligating brackets: a randomized clinical trial using CBCT-scans and digital models. Orthod Craniofac Res 14:222\u2013233","journal-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res"},{"key":"59_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.2319\/071212-575.1","volume":"83","author":"PM Cattaneo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cattaneo PM, Salih RA, Melsen B (2013) Labio-lingual root control of lower anterior teeth and canine obtained by active and passive self-ligating brackets. Angle Orthod 83:691\u2013697","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"59_CR3","unstructured":"Damon D (2004) Damon system: the workbook. Ormco: Orange: Calif"},{"key":"59_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(89)90324-7","volume":"96","author":"D Drescher","year":"1989","unstructured":"Drescher D, Bourauel C, Schumacher HA (1989) Frictional forces between bracket and arch wire. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 96:397\u2013404","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"59_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2013.03.012","volume":"144","author":"PS Fleming","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fleming PS, Lee RT, Marinho V, Johal A (2013) Comparison of maxillary arch dimensional changes with passive and active self-ligation and conventional brackets in the permanent dentition: a multicenter, randomized controlled trial. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 144:185\u2013193","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop."},{"key":"59_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.11.028","volume":"129","author":"L Franchi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Franchi L, Baccetti T (2006) Forces released during alignment with a preadjusted appliance with different types of elastomeric ligatures. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 129:687\u2013690","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"59_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8.1","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470712184","volume-title":"Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions","author":"JPT Higgins","year":"2008","unstructured":"Higgins JPT, Altman DG (2008) Assessing risk of bias. In: Higgins JPT, Green S (eds) Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions. Wiley, Chichester, pp 8.1\u20138.44"},{"key":"59_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2010.00573.x","volume":"39","author":"Z Liu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Liu Z, McGrath C, Hagg U (2011) Associations between orthodontic treatment need and oral health-related quality of life among young adults: does it depend on how you assess them? Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 39:137\u2013144","journal-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol"},{"key":"59_CR9","first-page":"29","volume":"24","author":"R Maijer","year":"1990","unstructured":"Maijer R, Smith DC (1990) Time savings with self-ligating brackets. J Clin Orthod 24:29\u201331","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"key":"59_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matarese G, Nucera R, Militi A, Mazza M, Portelli M, Festa F, Cordasco G (2008) Evaluation of frictional forces during dental alignment: an experimental model with 3 nonleveled brackets. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 133:708\u2013715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.06.021"},{"key":"59_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.2319\/062510-348.1","volume":"81","author":"M Mezomo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mezomo M, de Lima ES, de Menezes LM, Weissheimer A, Allgayer S (2011) Maxillary canine retraction with self-ligating and conventional brackets. Angle Orthod 81:292\u2013297","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"59_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.04.028","volume":"132","author":"PG Miles","year":"2007","unstructured":"Miles PG (2007) Self-ligating vs conventional twin brackets during enmasse space closure with sliding mechanics. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 132:223\u2013225","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"59_CR13","first-page":"e1","volume":"138","author":"E Ong","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ong E, McCallum H, Griffin MP, Ho C (2010) Efficiency of self-ligating vs conventionally ligated brackets during initial alignment. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 138:e1\u2013e7","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"59_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.4041\/kjod.2014.44.4.168","volume":"44","author":"SA Othman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Othman SA, Mansor N, Saub R (2014) Randomized controlled clinical trial of oral health-related quality of life in patients wearing conventional and self-ligating brackets. Korean J Orthod. 44:168\u2013176","journal-title":"Korean J Orthod."},{"key":"59_CR15","first-page":"121","volume":"137","author":"N Pandis","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pandis N, Polychronopoulou A, Eliades T (2010) Active or passive self-ligating bracket? A randomized controlled trial of comparative efficiency in resolving maxillary anterior crowding in adolescents. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 137:121\u2013126","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"59_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.01.030","volume":"132","author":"N Pandis","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pandis N, Polychronopoulou A, Eliades T (2007) Self-ligating vs. conventional brackets in the treatment of mandibular crowding: a prospective clinical trial of treatment duration and dental effects. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 132:208\u2013215","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"59_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjp123","volume":"32","author":"N Pandis","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pandis N, Polychronopoulou A, Makou M, Eliades T (2010) Mandibular dental arch changes associated with treatment of crowding using self-ligating and conventional brackets. Eur J Orthod 32:248\u2013253","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"59_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-016-0118-0","volume":"17","author":"SN Papageorgiou","year":"2016","unstructured":"Papageorgiou SN, Sifakakis I, Doulis I, Eliades T, Bourauel C (2016) Torque efficiency of square and rectangular archwires into 0.018 and 0.022 in conventional brackets. Progress Orthod 17:5","journal-title":"Progress Orthod"},{"key":"59_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.4103\/1305-7456.126236","volume":"8","author":"VB Reddy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Reddy VB, Kumar TA, Prasad M, Nuvvula S, Patil RG, Reddy PK (2014) A comparative in vivo evaluation of the alignment efficiency of 5 ligation methods: a prospective randomized clinical trial. Eur J Dent. 8:23\u201331","journal-title":"Eur J Dent."},{"key":"59_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.06.018","volume":"132","author":"DJ Rinchuse","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rinchuse DJ, Miles PG (2007) Self-ligating brackets: present and future. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 132:216\u2013222","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"59_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2013.12.024","volume":"145","author":"G Songra","year":"2014","unstructured":"Songra G, Clover M, Atack NE, Ewings P, Sherriff M, Sandy JR, Ireland AJ (2014) Comparative assessment of alignment efficiency and space closure of active and passive self-ligating vs conventional appliances in adolescents: a single-center randomized controlled trial. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 145:569\u2013578","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop."},{"key":"59_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2002.121562","volume":"121","author":"GA Thorstenson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Thorstenson GA, Kusy RP (2002) Comparison of resistance to sliding between different self-ligating brackets with second-order angulation in the dry and saliva states. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 121:472\u2013482","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"59_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.07.018","volume":"131","author":"NR Turnbull","year":"2007","unstructured":"Turnbull NR, Birnie DJ (2007) Treatment efficiency of conventional vs self-ligating brackets: effects of archwire size and material. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 131:395\u2013399","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"59_CR24","unstructured":"Wang D, Bakhai A (2006) Clinical trials. A practical guide to design, analysis, and reporting. London: Remedica, pp 15\u201321"},{"key":"59_CR25","first-page":"618","volume":"34","author":"C Ying","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ying C, Hui C, Xiang W (2014) Comparative evaluation of arch width changes treated with active and passive self-ligating systems. Stomatology. 34:618\u2013620 [in Chinese]","journal-title":"Stomatology."}],"container-title":["Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics \/ Fortschritte der Kieferorthop\u00e4die"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00056-016-0059-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00056-016-0059-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00056-016-0059-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,25]],"date-time":"2017-06-25T11:01:05Z","timestamp":1498388465000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00056-016-0059-8"}},"subtitle":["Systematic review and meta-analysis based on randomized clinical trials","Systematisches Review und Metaanalyse auf der Basis randomisierter klinischer Studien"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,21]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]}},"alternative-id":["59"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00056-016-0059-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1434-5293","1615-6714"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1434-5293","type":"print"},{"value":"1615-6714","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,21]]}}}