{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T16:29:54Z","timestamp":1769876994008,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,2]],"date-time":"2019-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575244800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,2]],"date-time":"2019-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Orofac Orthop"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-019-00201-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,2]],"date-time":"2019-12-02T13:46:59Z","timestamp":1575294419000},"page":"41-51","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["External apical root resorption after nonextraction orthodontic treatment with labial vs. lingual fixed appliances","Externe apikale Wurzelresorption nach labialer vs. lingualer kieferorthop\u00e4discher Behandlung mit festsitzenden Apparaturen ohne Extraktion"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4242-5114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hande","family":"Pamuk\u00e7u","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00d6m\u00fcr","family":"Polat-\u00d6zsoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ay\u015fe","family":"G\u00fcl\u015fahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehmet \u00d6zg\u00fcr","family":"\u00d6zemre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"201_CR1","first-page":"1","volume":"47","author":"P Rygh","year":"1977","unstructured":"Rygh\u00a0P (1977) Orthodontic root resorption studied by electron microscopy. Angle Orthod 47:1\u201316","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"201_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1111\/adj.12483","volume":"62","author":"V Krishnan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Krishnan\u00a0V (2017) Root resorption with orthodontic mechanics: pertinent areas revisited. Aust Dent\u00a0J 62:71\u201377","journal-title":"Aust Dent J"},{"key":"201_CR3","first-page":"610","volume":"12","author":"A Abuabara","year":"2007","unstructured":"Abuabara\u00a0A (2007) Biomechanical aspects of external root resorption in orthodontic therapy. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 12:610\u2013613","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"key":"201_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(05)81763-9","volume":"103","author":"N Brezniak","year":"1993","unstructured":"Brezniak\u00a0N, Wasserstein\u00a0A (1993) Root resorption after orthodontic treatment: Part 2. Literature review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 103:138\u2013146","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.01.029","volume":"130","author":"DA Harris","year":"2006","unstructured":"Harris\u00a0DA, Jones\u00a0AS, Darendeliler\u00a0MA (2006) Physical properties of root cementum: Part 8. Volumetric analysis of root resorption craters after application of controlled intrusive light and heavy orthodontic forces: a\u00a0microcomputed tomography scan study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 130:639\u2013647","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2003.11.026","volume":"27","author":"E Chan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chan\u00a0E, Darendeliler\u00a0MA (2005) Physical properties of root cementum: Part 5. Volumetric analysis of root resorption craters after application of light and heavy orthodontic forces. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 27:186\u2013195","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00001936","volume":"62","author":"MA Casa","year":"2001","unstructured":"Casa\u00a0MA, Faltin\u00a0RM, Faltin\u00a0K, Sander\u00a0FG, Arana-Chavez\u00a0VE (2001) Root resorptions in upper first premolars after application of continuous torque moment. Intra-individual study. J\u00a0Orofac Orthop 62:285\u2013295","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"key":"201_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.01.043","volume":"133","author":"LJ Barbagallo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Barbagallo\u00a0LJ, Jones\u00a0AS, Petocz\u00a0P, Darendeliler\u00a0MA (2008) Physical properties of root cementum: Part 10. Comparison of the effects of invisible removable thermoplastic appliances with light and heavy orthodontic forces on premolar cementum. A microcomputed-tomography study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 133:218\u2013227","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2004.12.018","volume":"129","author":"E Chan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chan\u00a0E, Darendeliler\u00a0MA (2006) Physical properties of root cementum: Part 7. Extent of root resorption under areas of compression and tension. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 129:504\u2013510","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(96)80016-3","volume":"110","author":"S Baumrind","year":"1996","unstructured":"Baumrind\u00a0S, Korn\u00a0EL, Boyd\u00a0RL (1996) Apical root resorption in orthodontically treated adults. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 110:311\u2013320","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2015.12.028","volume":"150","author":"Y Guo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Guo\u00a0Y, He\u00a0S, Gu\u00a0T, Liu\u00a0Y, Chen\u00a0S (2016) Genetic and clinical risk factors of root resorption associated with orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 150:283\u2013289","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2003.42","volume":"123","author":"RA Al-Qawasmi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Al-Qawasmi\u00a0RA, Hartsfield\u00a0JK Jr., Everett\u00a0ET, Flury\u00a0L, Liu\u00a0L, Foroud\u00a0TM et al (2003) Genetic predisposition to external apical root resorption. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 123:242\u2013252","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(54)90070-6","volume":"40","author":"M Massler","year":"1954","unstructured":"Massler\u00a0M, Malone\u00a0AJ (1954) Root resorption in human permanent teeth: a\u00a0roentgenographic study. Am J Orthod 40:619\u2013633","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"201_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(96)70160-9","volume":"109","author":"JE Lupi","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lupi\u00a0JE, Handelman\u00a0CS, Sadowsky\u00a0C (1996) Prevalence and severity of apical root resorption and alveolar bone loss in orthodontically treated adults. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 109:28\u201337","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/20.1.57","volume":"20","author":"E Levander","year":"1998","unstructured":"Levander\u00a0E, Bajka\u00a0R, Malmgren\u00a0O (1998) Early radiographic diagnosis of apical root resorption during orthodontic treatment: a\u00a0study of maxillary incisors. Eur J Orthod 20:57\u201363","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"201_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2000.99136","volume":"118","author":"GR Janson","year":"2000","unstructured":"Janson\u00a0GR, De Luca Canto\u00a0G, Martins\u00a0DR, Henriques\u00a0JF, De Freitas\u00a0MR (2000) A radiographic comparison of apical root resorption after orthodontic treatment with 3 different fixed appliance techniques. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 118:262\u2013273","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(99)70187-3","volume":"116","author":"S McNab","year":"1999","unstructured":"McNab\u00a0S, Battistutta\u00a0D, Taverne\u00a0A, Symons\u00a0AL (1999) External apical root resorption of posterior teeth in asthmatics after orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 116:545\u2013551","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(03)00166-5","volume":"124","author":"I Brin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Brin\u00a0I, Tulloch\u00a0JF, Koroluk\u00a0L, Philips\u00a0C (2003) External apical root resorption in Class II malocclusion: a\u00a0retrospective review of 1\u2011 versus 2\u2011phase treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 124:151\u2013156","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/20.4.427","volume":"20","author":"E Levander","year":"1998","unstructured":"Levander\u00a0E, Malmgren\u00a0O, Stenback\u00a0K (1998) Apical root resorption during orthodontic treatment of patients with multiple aplasia: a\u00a0study of maxillary incisors. Eur J Orthod 20:427\u2013434","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"201_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(96)80014-X","volume":"110","author":"R Taithongchai","year":"1996","unstructured":"Taithongchai\u00a0R, Sookkorn\u00a0K, Killiany\u00a0DM (1996) Facial and dentoalveolar structure and the predictionof apical root shortening. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 110:296\u2013302","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-002-0124-3","volume":"63","author":"U Fritz","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fritz\u00a0U, Diedrich\u00a0P, Wiechmann\u00a0D (2002) Lingual technique\u2014patient\u2019 characteristics, motivation and acceptance. J\u00a0Orofac Orthop 63:227\u2013233","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"key":"201_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-003-0243-5","volume":"64","author":"U Fritz","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fritz\u00a0U, Diedrich\u00a0P, Wiechmann\u00a0D (2003) Apical root resorption after lingual orthodontic therapy. J\u00a0Orofac Orthop 64:434\u2013442","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"key":"201_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.2319\/041117-247.1","volume":"87","author":"CE Nassif","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nassif\u00a0CE, Cotrim-Ferreira\u00a0A, Conti\u00a0ACFC, Danilo\u00a0PV et al (2017) Comparative study of root resorption of maxillary incisors in patients treated with lingual and buccal orthodontics. Angle Orthod 87:795\u2013800","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"201_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-017-0166-0","volume":"18","author":"G Gay","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gay\u00a0G, Ravera\u00a0S, Castroflorio\u00a0T, Garino\u00a0F, Rossini\u00a0G, Parrini\u00a0S et\u00a0al (2017) Root resorption during orthodontic treatment with Invisalign(R): a\u00a0radiometric study. Prog Orthod 18:12","journal-title":"Prog Orthod"},{"key":"201_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-002-0124-3","volume":"63","author":"U Fritz","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fritz\u00a0U, Diedrich\u00a0P, Wiechmann\u00a0D (2002) Lingual technique\u2014patients\u2019 characteristics, motivation and acceptance. Interpretation of a\u00a0retrospective survey. J\u00a0Orofac Orthop 63:227\u2013233","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"key":"201_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sodo.2006.05.002","volume":"12","author":"P Echarri","year":"2006","unstructured":"Echarri\u00a0P (2006) Revisiting the history of lingual orthodontics: a basis for the future. Semin Orthod 12:153\u2013159","journal-title":"Semin Orthod"},{"key":"201_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(87)90292-7","volume":"92","author":"KI Moran","year":"1987","unstructured":"Moran\u00a0KI (1987) Relative wire stiffness due to lingual versus labial interbracket distance. Am J Orthod 92:24\u201332","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"201_CR28","first-page":"195","volume":"74","author":"S Geron","year":"2004","unstructured":"Geron\u00a0S, Romano\u00a0R, Brosh\u00a0T (2004) Vertical forces in labial and lingual orthodontics applied on maxillary incisors\u2014a theoretical approach. Angle Orthod 74:195\u2013201","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"201_CR29","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Biomechanics in clinical orthodontics","author":"R Nanda","year":"1997","unstructured":"Nanda\u00a0R, Kuhlberg\u00a0A (1997p) Principles of biomechanics. In: Nanda\u00a0R (ed) Biomechanics in clinical orthodontics. WB Saunders Co, Philadephia, pp\u00a01\u201322"},{"key":"201_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(93)70106-X","volume":"103","author":"N Brezniak","year":"1993","unstructured":"Brezniak\u00a0N, Wasserstein\u00a0A (1993) Root resorption after orthodontic treatment: Part 1. Literature review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 103:62\u201366","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(96)80017-5","volume":"110","author":"SA Alexander","year":"1996","unstructured":"Alexander\u00a0SA (1996) Levels of root resorption associated with continuous arch and sectional arch mechanics. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 110:321\u2013324","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1177\/154411130401500205","volume":"15","author":"JK Hartsfield Jr.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hartsfield\u00a0JK Jr., Everett\u00a0ET, Al-Qawasmi\u00a0RA (2004) Genetic factors in external apical root Resorption and orthodontic treatment. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 15:115\u2013122","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oral Biol Med"},{"key":"201_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sodo.2007.08.006","volume":"13","author":"S Abass","year":"2007","unstructured":"Abass\u00a0S, Hartsfield\u00a0JK (2007) Orthodontics and external apical root resorption. Seminars in Orthodontics 13:146\u2013256","journal-title":"Seminars in Orthodontics"},{"key":"201_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/10.1.30","volume":"10","author":"E Levander","year":"1998","unstructured":"Levander\u00a0E, Malmgren\u00a0O (1998) Evaluation of the risk of root resorption during orthodontic treatment: a\u00a0study of upper incisors. Eur J Orthod 10:30\u201338","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"201_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-011-0036-1","volume":"72","author":"K Sehr","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sehr\u00a0K, Bock\u00a0NC, Serbesis\u00a0C, Honemann\u00a0M, Ruf\u00a0S (2011) Severe external apical root resorption\u2014local cause or genetic predisposition? J\u00a0Orofac Orthop 72:321\u2013331","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"key":"201_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(94)70129-6","volume":"105","author":"BW Beck","year":"1994","unstructured":"Beck\u00a0BW, Harris\u00a0EF (1994) Apical root resorption in orthodontically treated subjects: analysis of edgewise and light wire mechanics. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 105:350\u2013361","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(97)70189-6","volume":"111","author":"EF Harris","year":"1997","unstructured":"Harris\u00a0EF, Kineret\u00a0SE, Tolley\u00a0EA (1997) A heritable component for external apical root resorption in patients treated orthodontically. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 111:301\u2013309","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(96)80017-5","volume":"110","author":"AA Stanley","year":"1996","unstructured":"Stanley\u00a0AA (1996) Levels of root resorption associated with continuous arch and sectional arch mechanics. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 110:321\u2013324","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(95)70069-2","volume":"108","author":"M Blake","year":"1995","unstructured":"Blake\u00a0M, Woodside\u00a0DG, Pharoah\u00a0MJ (1995) A radiographic comparison of apical root resorption after orthodontic treatment with the edgewise and speed appliances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 108:76\u201384","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(05)81678-6","volume":"99","author":"L Linge","year":"1991","unstructured":"Linge\u00a0L, Linge\u00a0BO (1991) Patient characteristics and treatment variables associated with apical root resorption during orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 99:35\u201343","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/17.2.93","volume":"17","author":"AD Mirabella","year":"1995","unstructured":"Mirabella\u00a0AD, Artun\u00a0J (1995) Prevalence and severity of apical root resorption of maxillary anterior teeth in adult orthodontic patients. Eur J Orthod 17:93\u201399","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"201_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(89)90227-8","volume":"96","author":"DN Remington","year":"1989","unstructured":"Remington\u00a0DN, Joondeph\u00a0DR, Artun\u00a0J, Riedel\u00a0RA, Chapko\u00a0MK (1989) Long-term evaluation of root resorption occurring during orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 96:43\u201346","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2001.113409","volume":"119","author":"GT Sameshima","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sameshima\u00a0GT, Sinclair\u00a0PM (2001) Predicting and preventing root resorption: Part I. Diagnostic factors. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 119:505\u2013510","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR44","first-page":"185","volume":"71","author":"GT Sameshima","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sameshima\u00a0GT, Asgarifar\u00a0KO (2001) Assessment of root resorption and root shape: periapical vs panoramic films. Angle Orthod 71:185\u2013189","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"201_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-6343.2004.00286.x","volume":"7","author":"GR Segal","year":"2004","unstructured":"Segal\u00a0GR, Schiffman\u00a0PH, Tuncay\u00a0OC (2004) Meta analysis of the treatment-related factors of external apical root resorption. Orthod Craniofac Res 7:71\u201378","journal-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res"},{"key":"201_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/17.1.25","volume":"17","author":"I Kjaer","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kjaer\u00a0I (1995) Morphological characteristics of dentitions developing excessive root resorption during orthodontic treatment. Eur J Orthod 17:25\u201334","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"201_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(98)70214-8","volume":"114","author":"A Horiuchi","year":"1998","unstructured":"Horiuchi\u00a0A, Hotokezaka\u00a0H, Kobayashi\u00a0K (1998) Correlation between cortical plate proximity and apical root resorption. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 114:311\u2013318","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(90)70086-R","volume":"97","author":"SW Spurrier","year":"1990","unstructured":"Spurrier\u00a0SW, Hall\u00a0SH, Joondeph\u00a0DR, Shapiro\u00a0PA, Riedel\u00a0RA (1990) A comparison of apical root resorption during orthodontic treatment in endodontically treated and vital teeth. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 97:130\u2013134","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(98)70200-8","volume":"114","author":"RJ Parker","year":"1998","unstructured":"Parker\u00a0RJ, Harris\u00a0EF (1998) Directions of orthodontic tooth movements associated with external apical root resorption of the maxillary central incisor. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 114:677\u2013683","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjp165","volume":"32","author":"RP Jiang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jiang\u00a0RP, McDonald\u00a0JP, Fu\u00a0MK (2010) Root resorption before and after orthodontic treatment: a\u00a0clinical study of contributory factors. Eur J Orthod 32:693\u2013697","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"issue":"3","key":"201_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(96)80015-1","volume":"110","author":"J Kurol","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kurol\u00a0J, Owman-Moll\u00a0P, Lundgren\u00a0D (1996) Time-related root resorption after application of a\u00a0controlled continuous orthodontic force. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 110(3):303\u2013310","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.023","volume":"152","author":"F Jiang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jiang\u00a0F, Chen\u00a0J, Kula\u00a0K, Gu\u00a0H, Du\u00a0Y, Eckert\u00a0G (2017) Root resorptions associated with canine retraction treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 152:348\u2013354","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.06.021","volume":"137","author":"B Weltman","year":"2010","unstructured":"Weltman\u00a0B, Vig\u00a0KW, Fields\u00a0HW, Shanker\u00a0S, Kaizar\u00a0EE (2010) Root resorption associated with orthodontic tooth movement: a\u00a0systematic review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 137:462\u2013476","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.10.026","volume":"153","author":"C Aman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Aman\u00a0C, Azevedo\u00a0B, Bednar\u00a0E, Chandiramami\u00a0S, German\u00a0D, Nicholson\u00a0E et al (2018) Apical root resorption during orthodontic treatment with clear aligners: a retrospective study using cone-beam computed tomography. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 153:842\u2013851","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/S0099-6963(32)80074-8","volume":"18","author":"AM Schwarz","year":"1932","unstructured":"Schwarz\u00a0AM (1932) Tissue changes incidental to orthodontic tooth movement. Int J Orthod Oral Surg Radiogr 18:331\u2013352","journal-title":"Int J Orthod Oral Surg Radiogr"},{"key":"201_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2014.12.026","volume":"147","author":"MG Roscoe","year":"2015","unstructured":"Roscoe\u00a0MG, Meira\u00a0JB, Cattaneo\u00a0PM (2015) Association of orthodontic force system and root resorption: a systematic review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 147:610\u2013626","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"key":"201_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-6343.2009.01445.x","volume":"12","author":"P Cattaneo","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cattaneo\u00a0P, Dalstra\u00a0M, Melsen\u00a0B (2009) Strains in periodontal ligament and alveolar bone associated with orthodontic tooth movement analyzed by finite element. Orthod Craniofac Res 12:120\u2013128","journal-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res"},{"key":"201_CR58","first-page":"68","volume":"44","author":"K Reitan","year":"1974","unstructured":"Reitan\u00a0K (1974) Initial tissue behavior during apical root resorption. Angle Orthod 44:68\u201382","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"201_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/24.1.43","volume":"24","author":"S Stramotas","year":"2002","unstructured":"Stramotas\u00a0S, Geenty\u00a0JP, Petocz\u00a0P, Darendeliler\u00a0MA (2002) Accuracy of linear and angular measurements on panoramic radiographs taken at various positions in vitro. Eur J Orthod 24:43\u201352","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"}],"container-title":["Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics \/ Fortschritte der Kieferorthop\u00e4die"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00056-019-00201-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00056-019-00201-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00056-019-00201-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]],"date-time":"2020-11-30T19:59:04Z","timestamp":1606766344000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00056-019-00201-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,2]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]}},"alternative-id":["201"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00056-019-00201-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1434-5293","1615-6714"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1434-5293","type":"print"},{"value":"1615-6714","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 April 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 September 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 December 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical guidelines"}},{"value":"H.\u00a0Pamuk\u00e7u, \u00d6.\u00a0Polat-\u00d6zsoy, A.\u00a0G\u00fcl\u015fahi and M.\u00d6.\u00a0\u00d6zemre declare that they have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This study was approved by Ba\u015fkent University Institutional Review Board (protocol number: D\u2011KA\u00a017\/\u00a003). Written informed consent of the patients were present in patients\u2019 file as a\u00a0regular procedure.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical standards"}}]}}