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Plaque and bleeding indices, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, gingival recession height (GR) and width (GRW), gingival thickness (GT), and keratinized tissue width were clinically recorded, while cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used to evaluate teeth inclination before (T1) and after treatment (T2). Oral hygiene, brushing habits, and smoking were controlled.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      During orthodontic treatment on 15 (8.33%) teeth (10\u00a0incisors and 5\u00a0canines), spontaneous complete improvement of pre-existing GR was observed. On 2\u00a0incisors, GR decreased and on 3\u00a0teeth GR did not change. Moreover, 1\u00a0incisor presented an increased GR, while 2\u00a0teeth developed new defects. Mean GR, GRW, and GT decreased significantly only on the incisors. Proclination of incisors and canines during treatment (compared with retroclination of the teeth) implicated a\u00a0lower reduction in GR at T2: 0.19\u202fmm (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u20090.034) and 0.18\u202fmm (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u20090.037), respectively. Multiple regression analysis confirmed that more tooth proclination was associated with a\u00a0higher risk for an increase in GR (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&lt;\u20090.00).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Properly planned changes in lower incisor and canine inclination can be carried out in adult patients without posing a\u00a0high risk to labial gingival recessions if the individual periodontal biotype is respected. The reported outcomes underscore the orthodontic principle to keep tooth roots inside the alveolar bone.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-020-00263-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]],"date-time":"2020-11-25T08:03:04Z","timestamp":1606291384000},"page":"246-256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Postorthodontic lower incisor and canine inclination and labial gingival recession in adult patients","Inklination der unteren Schneide- und Eckz\u00e4hne sowie labiale gingivale Rezession nach kieferorthop\u00e4discher Behandlung im Erwachsenenalter"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Edyta","family":"Kalina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Zadurska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3918-4332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bart\u0142omiej","family":"G\u00f3rski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"263_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0757.2002.290109.x","volume":"29","author":"JM Albander","year":"2002","unstructured":"Albander\u00a0JM (2002) Global risk factors and risk indicators for periodontal diseases. 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This study was reviewed and approved by the Bioethics Committee of Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (KB\/236\/2014). Written informed consent to participate and for publication was obtained from all individual participants included in the study or their parents\/legally authorized representatives [LAR] in the case of children under\u00a018.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical standards"}}]}}