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This study analyzes the impact of first\/second lower premolar extraction during orthodontic therapy on the angulation of mandibular third molars.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 120\u00a0patients treated non-extraction (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u200940), with extraction of first (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u200940), or second lower premolars (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u200940) were included. The mesiodistal angulation of lower third molars relative to the adjacent tooth and their developmental stage were evaluated from posttreatment orthopantomograms. Between-group differences were statistically evaluated at a\u00a0significance level of 0.05.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The orthopantomograms of 120\u00a0patients (51% female) with a\u00a0median age of 15.2\u00a0years at the time of debonding were evaluated after a\u00a0mean treatment duration time of 2.9\u00a0years. No difference (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&gt;\u20090.05) was seen between the average angulation of the lower third molars of the right (mean\u202f=\u200924.4\u00b0, standard deviation [SD] 13.6\u00b0) and the left side (mean\u202f=\u200923.6\u00b0, SD 14.1\u00b0). No differences in the angulation of the lower third molar were found between the non-extraction and extraction groups for the right (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u20090.44) or the left side (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u20090.22). Likewise, no differences were found when comparing the first and second premolars for the right (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u20090.26) or the left side (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u20090.10). Premolar extraction was associated with an advanced root development stage of the right third molar (odds ratio 7.1; 95% confidence interval 1.1\u201348.1;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u20090.04), with no differences between extraction of the first or second premolar (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u20090.10).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Orthodontic treatment involving premolars extractions might be associated with a\u00a0small acceleration in root development, but not with the angulation, of lower third molars.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-023-00465-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]],"date-time":"2023-04-04T08:19:23Z","timestamp":1680596363000},"page":"392-403","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Effect of orthodontic extraction of mandibular premolars on third molar angulation after treatment with fixed appliances","Auswirkungen der kieferorthop\u00e4dischen Extraktion von Unterkieferpr\u00e4molaren auf die Angulation der dritten Molaren nach Behandlung mit festsitzenden Apparaturen"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Tamara","family":"Di Giovanni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodosia","family":"Vogiatzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8416-6523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasiliki","family":"Koretsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7003-8854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tanya","family":"Walsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4576-4584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nick","family":"Silikas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1968-3326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Spyridon N.","family":"Papageorgiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"465_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2003.3","volume":"123","author":"MO Akcam","year":"2003","unstructured":"Akcam\u00a0MO, Altiok\u00a0T, Ozdiler\u00a0E (2003) Panoramic radiographs: a\u00a0tool for investigating skeletal pattern. 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All data were pseudonymized prior to analysis. Ethical approval was received from the appropriate authorities (BASEC No.: 2021-02521).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical standards"}}]}}