{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T16:38:59Z","timestamp":1785775139734,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]],"date-time":"2023-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697500800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]],"date-time":"2023-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universit\u00e4t, Frankfurt am Main"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Orofac Orthop"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of lower premolar extraction on posttreatment\n          stability one year following fixed orthodontic treatment with passive self-ligating\n          brackets (Damon system, Ormco, Orange, CA, USA).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>All patients were treated with fixed orthodontic appliances using passive\n          self-ligating brackets (Damon). For retention, removable Hawley retainers were used. Two\n          groups of patients were included in the study. Each group consisted of 23\u00a0patients: group\n          Ex consisted of 10\u00a0male and 13\u00a0female patients (13.4\u202f\u00b1\u20091.6\u00a0years old) with extraction of\n          lower first premolars and group NonEx consisted of 11\u00a0male and 12\u00a0female patients\n          (13.4\u202f\u00b1\u20093.9\u00a0years old) without dental extractions. The patients\u2019 dental models and\n          photographs were assessed at T0\u00a0(pretreatment), T1\u00a0(the end of active orthodontic\n          treatment: 3.3\u202f\u00b1\u20091.0\u00a0years in the Ex and 2.3\u202f\u00b1\u20090.8\u00a0years in the NonEx group) and at\n          T2\u00a0(1\u00a0year posttreatment). All lower casts were scanned and the following dental\n          parameters were recorded and compared between the two groups: intercanine width (ICW),\n          anterior arch width (AAW), intermolar width (IMW), Little\u2019s irregularity index (LII) and\n          gingival recessions.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>An increase in ICW (group Ex: 1.20\u202f\u00b1\u20092.51\u202fmm and group NonEx: 0.84\u202f\u00b1\u20091.48\u202fmm) by the\n          end of active treatment (T1; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u202f&lt;\u20090.05), as well as\n          a\u00a0relapse regarding the ICW (group Ex: \u22120.1\u202f\u00b1\u20090.47\u202fmm and group NonEx: \u221267%\u202f\u00b1\u20090.38\u202fmm) one\n          year post-treatment (T2) were recorded in the samples. Relapse in the non-extraction group\n          was statistically and clinically significant, whereas ICW values remained relatively\n          stable in the extraction group during the posttreatment period (T1\u2013T2). The irregularity\n          index decreased during treatment (group Ex: \u22128.79\u202f\u00b1\u20096.36 mm and group NonEx:\n          \u22125.24\u202f\u00b1\u20092.99\u202fmm) and relapsed in both groups (group Ex: 0.57\u202f\u00b1\u200990\u202fmm and group NonEx:\n          0.27\u202f\u00b1\u20090.53). The rate of relapse in LII was correlated to the relapse rate of ICW.\n          A\u00a0reduction of IMW was recorded in the Ex group (\u22121.89\u202f\u00b1\u20091.82\u202fmm) during active treatment\n            (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u202f&lt;\u20090.05), which remained stable 1\u00a0year\n          posttreatment. AAW increased in both groups (group Ex: 2.77\u202f\u00b1\u20091.77\u202fmm and group NonEx:\n          1.77\u202f\u00b1\u20092.04\u202fmm) throughout active treatment and remained stable at T2.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Intergroup comparison revealed that ICW remained stable 1\u00a0year posttreatment in the Ex\n          group, whereas high relapse of ICW was recorded in the NonEx group. Furthermore, risk of\n          a\u00a0relapse of LII appears to be higher in cases with a\u00a0relapse of the ICW.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-023-00501-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]],"date-time":"2023-10-17T15:02:33Z","timestamp":1697554953000},"page":"1-9","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Posttreatment stability following therapy using passive\n      self-ligating brackets: extraction vs. nonextraction","Stabilit\u00e4t kieferorthop\u00e4discher Behandlungsergebnisse im unteren\n      Zahnbogen nach Nonextraktionstherapie im Vergleich zu Extraktionstherapie der ersten\n      Pr\u00e4molaren unter Verwendung von passiven selbstligierenden Brackets"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Babak","family":"Sayahpour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Eslami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Buehling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Kopp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdolreza","family":"Jamilian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sachin","family":"Chhatwani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"501_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e403","DOI":"10.4317\/jced.52840","volume":"8","author":"S Shirazi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shirazi\u00a0S, Kachoei\u00a0M, Shahvaghar-Asl\u00a0N, Shirazi\u00a0S, Sharghi\u00a0R (2016) Arch\n          width changes in patients with class II division 1 malocclusion treated with maxillary\n          first premolar extraction and non-extraction method. J\u00a0Clin Exp Dent 8(4):e403\u2013e408.\n              https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4317\/jced.52840","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Dent"},{"issue":"1","key":"501_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-022-00414-7","volume":"23","author":"FJ Willeit","year":"2022","unstructured":"Willeit\u00a0FJ, Cremonini\u00a0F, Willeit\u00a0P, Ramina\u00a0F, Cappelletti\u00a0M, Spedicato\u00a0GA,\n          Lombardo\u00a0L (2022) Stability of transverse dental arch dimension with passive self-ligating\n          brackets: a\u00a06-year follow-up study. 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All\n          studies mentioned were in accordance with the ethical standards indicated in each\n          case.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical standards"}}]}}