{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T21:00:27Z","timestamp":1740171627126,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,7]],"date-time":"2020-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594080000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,7]],"date-time":"2020-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594080000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universit\u00e4t, Frankfurt am Main"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Neuroradiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To investigate cortical thickness and cortical quantitative T2\u00a0values as imaging markers of microstructural tissue damage in patients with unilateral high-grade internal carotid artery occlusive disease (ICAOD).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of 22\u00a0patients with \u226570% stenosis (mean age 64.8\u00a0years) and 20\u00a0older healthy control subjects (mean age 70.8\u00a0years) underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and high-resolution quantitative (q)T2 mapping. Generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) controlling for age and white matter lesion volume were employed to investigate the effect of ICAOD on imaging parameters of cortical microstructural integrity in multivariate analyses.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>There was a\u00a0significant main effect (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f&lt;\u20090.05) of the group (patients\/controls) on both cortical thickness and cortical qT2 values with cortical thinning and increased cortical qT2 in patients compared to controls, irrespective of the hemisphere. The presence of upstream carotid stenosis had a\u00a0significant main effect on cortical qT2 values (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u20090.01) leading to increased qT2 in the poststenotic hemisphere, which was not found for cortical thickness. The GLMM showed that in general cortical thickness was decreased and cortical qT2 values were increased with increasing age (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Unilateral high-grade carotid occlusive disease is associated with widespread cortical thinning and prolongation of cortical qT2, presumably reflecting hypoperfusion-related microstructural cortical damage similar to accelerated aging of the cerebral cortex. Cortical thinning and increase of cortical qT2 seem to reflect different aspects and different pathophysiological states of cortical degeneration. Quantitative T2 mapping might be a\u00a0sensitive imaging biomarker for early cortical microstructural damage.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00062-020-00928-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,7]],"date-time":"2020-07-07T09:03:31Z","timestamp":1594112611000},"page":"709-720","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Microstructural Alterations Analogous to Accelerated Aging of the Cerebral Cortex in Carotid Occlusive Disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9502-1984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Seiler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annemarie","family":"Brandhofe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e9-Maxime","family":"Gracien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Waltraud","family":"Pfeilschifter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elke","family":"Hattingen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Deichmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrike","family":"N\u00f6th","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marlies","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"928_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2396","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.505776","volume":"39","author":"PB Gorelick","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gorelick\u00a0PB, Wong\u00a0KS, Bae\u00a0HJ, Pandey\u00a0DK. Large artery intracranial occlusive disease: a\u00a0large worldwide burden but a\u00a0relatively neglected frontier. Stroke. 2008;39:2396\u20139.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"928_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1159\/000341410","volume":"40","author":"ML Flaherty","year":"2013","unstructured":"Flaherty ML, Kissela B, Khoury JC, Alwell K, Moomaw CJ, Woo D, Khatri P, Ferioli S, Adeoye O, Broderick JP, Kleindorfer D. Carotid artery stenosis as a\u00a0cause of stroke. Neuroepidemiology. 2013;40:36\u201341.","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"928_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-003-0222-1","volume":"250","author":"FC Bakker","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bakker\u00a0FC, Klijn\u00a0CJ, Jennekens-Schinkel\u00a0A, van der Tweel\u00a0I, Tulleken\u00a0CA, Kappelle\u00a0LJ. Cognitive impairment in patients with carotid artery occlusion and ipsilateral transient ischemic attacks. J\u00a0Neurol. 2003;250:1340\u20137.","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"928_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2567","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.645614","volume":"43","author":"HL Cheng","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cheng HL, Lin CJ, Soong BW, Wang PN, Chang FC, Wu YT, Chou KH, Lin CP, Tu PC, Lee IH. Impairments in cognitive function and brain connectivity in severe asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Stroke. 2012;43:2567\u201373.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"928_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22392","volume":"70","author":"M Muller","year":"2011","unstructured":"Muller M, van der Graaf Y, Algra A, Hendrikse J, Mali WP, Geerlings MI; SMART Study Group. Carotid atherosclerosis and progression of brain atrophy: the SMART-MR study. Ann Neurol. 2011;70:237\u201344.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"928_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn845","volume":"3","author":"B Nadarajah","year":"2002","unstructured":"Nadarajah\u00a0B, Parnavelas\u00a0JG. Modes of neuronal migration in the developing cerebral cortex. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2002;3:423\u201332.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"928_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25324","volume":"84","author":"S Alhusaini","year":"2018","unstructured":"Alhusaini S, Karama S, Nguyen TV, Thiel A, Bernhardt BC, Cox SR, Corley J, Taylor A, Evans AC, Star JM, Bastin ME, Wardlaw JM, Deary IJ, Ducharme S. Association between carotid atheroma and cerebral cortex structure at age 73 years. Ann Neurol. 2018;84:576\u201387.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"928_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2009.188078","volume":"81","author":"J Fierstra","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fierstra J, Poublanc J, Han JS, Silver F, Tymianski M, Crawley AP, Fisher JA, Mikulis DJ. Steal physiology is spatially associated with cortical thinning. J\u00a0Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2010;81:290\u20133.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"928_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.608521","volume":"42","author":"J Fierstra","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fierstra J, Maclean DB, Fisher JA, Han JS, Mandell DM, Conklin J, Poublanc J, Crawley AP, Regli L, Mikulis DJ, Tymianski M. Surgical revascularization reverses cerebral cortical thinning in patients with severe cerebrovascular steno-occlusive disease. Stroke. 2011;42:1631\u20137.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"928_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0189727","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0189727","volume":"12","author":"RS Marshall","year":"2017","unstructured":"Marshall\u00a0RS, Asllani\u00a0I, Pavol\u00a0MA, Cheung\u00a0YK, Lazar\u00a0RM. Altered cerebral hemodyamics and cortical thinning in asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis. PLoS ONE. 2017;12:e189727.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"928_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2037","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5812","volume":"39","author":"JJ Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee JJ, Shimony JS, Jafri H, Zazulia AR, Dacey RG Jr, Zipfel GR, Derdeyn CP. Hemodynamic impairment measured by positron-emission tomography is regionally associated with decreased cortical thickness in moyamoya phenomenon. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2018;39:2037\u201344.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"928_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-019-1127-y","volume":"19","author":"A Nickel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nickel A, Kessner S, Niebuhr A, Schr\u00f6der J, Malherbe C, Fischer F, Heinze M, Cheng B, Fiehler J, Pinnschmidt H, Larena-Avellaneda A, Gerloff C, Thomalla G. Cortical thickness and cognitive performance in asymptomatic unilateral carotid artery stenosis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2019;19:154.","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"key":"928_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.03.060","volume":"93","author":"MF Glasser","year":"2014","unstructured":"Glasser\u00a0MF, Goyal\u00a0MS, Preuss\u00a0TM, Raichle\u00a0ME, Van Essen\u00a0DC. Trends and properties of human cerebral cortex: correlations with cortical myelin content. Neuroimage. 2014;93:165\u201375.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"928_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-015-1565-x","volume":"57","author":"M Wagner","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wagner M, Helfrich M, Volz S, Magerkurth J, Blasel S, Porto L, Singer OC, Deichmann R, Jurcoane A, Hattingen E. Quantitative T2, T2*, and T2\u2019 MR imaging in patients with ischemic leukoaraiosis might detect microstructural changes and cortical hypoxia. Neuroradiology. 2015;57:1023\u201330.","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"928_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2016.09.013","volume":"12","author":"I Asllani","year":"2016","unstructured":"Asllani\u00a0I, Slattery\u00a0P, Fafard\u00a0A, Pavol\u00a0M, Lazar\u00a0RM, Marshall\u00a0RS. Measurement of cortical thickness asymmetry in carotid occlusive disease. Neuroimage Clin. 2016;12:640\u20134.","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin"},{"key":"928_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5666","volume":"39","author":"A Seiler","year":"2018","unstructured":"Seiler A, Deichmann R, N\u00f6th U, Lauer A, Pfeilschifter W, Singer OC, Wagner M. Extent of microstructural tissue damage correlates with hemodynamic failure in high-grade carotid occlusive disease: an MRI study using quantitative T2 and DSC perfusion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2018;39:1273-9.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"928_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1245336","volume":"31","author":"C Arning","year":"2010","unstructured":"Arning C, Widder B, von Reutern GM, Stiegler H, G\u00f6rtler M. Revision of DEGUM ultrasound criteria for grading internal carotid artery stenoses and transfer to NASCET measurement. Ultraschall Med. 2010;31:251\u20137.","journal-title":"Ultraschall Med"},{"key":"928_CR18","first-page":"1267","volume":"17","author":"DH Lee","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lee\u00a0DH, Gao\u00a0FQ, Rankin\u00a0RN, Pelz\u00a0DM, Fox\u00a0AJ. Duplex and color Doppler flow sonography of occlusion and near occlusion of the carotid artery. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1996;17:1267\u201374.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"928_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.25125","volume":"73","author":"J Zhang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhang\u00a0J, Kolind\u00a0SH, Laule\u00a0C, MacKay\u00a0AL. Comparison of myelin water fraction from multiecho T2 decay curve and steady-state methods. Magn Reson Med. 2015;73:223\u201332.","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"928_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3246","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bht180","volume":"24","author":"I Savic","year":"2014","unstructured":"Savic\u00a0I, Arver\u00a0S. Sex differences in cortical thickness and their possible genetic and sex hormonal underpinnings. Cereb Cortex. 2014;24:3246\u201357.","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"928_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1998.0395","volume":"9","author":"AM Dale","year":"1999","unstructured":"Dale\u00a0AM, Fischl\u00a0B, Sereno\u00a0MI. Cortical surface-based analysis. I. Segmentation and surface reconstruction. Neuroimage. 1999;9:179\u201394.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"928_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1998.0396","volume":"9","author":"B Fischl","year":"1999","unstructured":"Fischl\u00a0B, Sereno\u00a0MI, Dale\u00a0AM. Cortical surface-based analysis. II: Inflation, flattening, and a\u00a0surface-based coordinate system. Neuroimage. 1999;9:195\u2013207.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"928_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11050","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.200033797","volume":"97","author":"B Fischl","year":"2000","unstructured":"Fischl\u00a0B, Dale\u00a0AM. Measuring the thickness of the human cerebral cortex from magnetic resonance images. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S\u00a0A. 2000;97:11050\u20135.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"928_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.07.051","volume":"23","author":"SM Smith","year":"2004","unstructured":"Smith SM, Jenkinson M, Woolrich MW, Beckmann CF, Behrens TE, Johansen-Berg H, Bannister PR, De Luca M, Drobnjak I, Flitney DE, Niazy RK, Saunders J, Vickers J, Zhang Y, De Stefano N, Brady JM, Matthews PM. Advances in functional and structural MR image analysis and implementation as FSL. Neuroimage. 2004;23:S208\u201319.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"928_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25685","volume":"46","author":"RM Gracien","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gracien RM, Reitz SC, Hof SM, Fleischer V, Droby A, Wahl M, Steinmetz H, Groppa S, Deichmann R, Klein JC. Longitudinal quantitative MRI assessment of cortical damage in multiple sclerosis: a pilot study. J\u00a0Magn Reson Imaging. 2017;46:1485\u201390.","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"928_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.50.6.1699","volume":"50","author":"L Tatu","year":"1998","unstructured":"Tatu\u00a0L, Moulin\u00a0T, Bogousslavsky\u00a0J, Duvernoy\u00a0H. Arterial territories of the human brain: cerebral hemispheres. Neurology. 1998;50:1699\u2013708.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"928_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.114.007146","volume":"46","author":"AM Tuladhar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tuladhar AM, Reid AT, Shumskaya E, de Laat KF, van Norden AG, van Dijk EJ, Norris DG, de Leeuw FE. Relationship between white matter hyperintensities, cortical thickness, and cognition. Stroke. 2015;46:425\u201332.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"928_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2017.00225","volume":"9","author":"Y Zhuang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhuang\u00a0Y, Zeng\u00a0X, Wang\u00a0B, Huang\u00a0M, Gong\u00a0H, Zhou\u00a0F. Cortical surface thickness in the middle-aged brain with white matter hyperintense lesions. Front Aging Neurosci. 2017;9:225.","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"928_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70124-8","volume":"12","author":"JM Wardlaw","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wardlaw JM, Smith EE, Biessels GJ, Cordonnier C, Fazekas F, Frayne R, Lindley RI, O\u2019Brien JT, Barkhof F, Benavente OR, Black SE, Brayne C, Breteler M, Chabriat H, Decarli C, de Leeuw FE, Doubal F, Duering M, Fox NC, Greenberg S, Hachinski V, Kilimann I, Mok V, Oostenbrugge Rv, Pantoni L, Speck O, Stephan BC, Teipel S, Viswanathan A, Werring D, Chen C, Smith C, van Buchem M, Norrving B, Gorelick PB, Dichgans M; STandards for ReportIng Vascular changes on nEuroimaging (STRIVE v1). Neuroimaging standards for research into small vessel disease and its contribution to ageing and neurodegeneration. Lancet Neurol. 2013;12:822\u201338.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"928_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000076012.19397.4B","volume":"34","author":"J Hendrikse","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hendrikse\u00a0J, Rutgers\u00a0DR, Klijn\u00a0CJ, Eikelboom\u00a0BC, van der Grond\u00a0J. Effect of carotid endarterectomy on primary collateral blood flow in patients with severe carotid artery lesions. Stroke. 2003;34:1650\u20134.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"928_CR31","first-page":"640","volume":"28","author":"MB Sanchez-Arjona","year":"2007","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez-Arjona MB, Sanz-Fern\u00e1ndez G, Franco-Mac\u00edas E, Gil-Peralta A. Cerebral hemodynamic changes after carotid angioplasty and stenting. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2007;28:640\u20134.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"928_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2021","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X17724027","volume":"38","author":"NS Hartkamp","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hartkamp NS, Petersen ET, Chappell MA, Okell TW, Uyttenboogaart M, Zeebregts CJ, Bokkers RP. Relationship between haemodynamic impairment and collateral blood flow in carotid artery disease. J\u00a0Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2018;38:2021\u201332.","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"928_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1742","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.118.023559","volume":"50","author":"A Seiler","year":"2019","unstructured":"Seiler A, Kammerer S, G\u00fchl A, Sch\u00fcre JR, Deichmann R, N\u00f6th U, Pfeilschifter W, Hattingen E, Keese M, Pilatus U, Wagner M. Revascularization of high-grade carotid stenosis restores global cerebral energy metabolism. Stroke. 2019;50:1742\u201350.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"928_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1136\/neurintsurg-2017-013193","volume":"10","author":"A Sadato","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sadato A, Maeda S, Hayakawa M, Adachi K, Toyama H, Nakahara I, Hirose Y. Carotid stenting for unilateral stenosis can increase contralateral hemispheric cerebral blood flow. J\u00a0Neurointerv Surg. 2018;10:351\u20134.","journal-title":"J Neurointerv Surg"},{"key":"928_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A3883","volume":"35","author":"MK Strother","year":"2014","unstructured":"Strother MK, Anderson MD, Singer RJ, Du L, Moore RD, Shyr Y, Ladner TR, Arteaga D, Day MA, Clemmons PF, Donahue MJ. Cerebrovascular collaterals correlate with disease severity in adult North American patients with Moyamoya disease. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2014;35:1318\u201324.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"928_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e46794","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0046794","volume":"7","author":"MC Aoi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Aoi\u00a0MC, Hu\u00a0K, Lo\u00a0MT, Selim\u00a0M, Olufsen\u00a0MS, Novak\u00a0V. Impaired cerebral autoregulation is associated with brain atrophy and worse functional status in chronic ischemic stroke. PLoS One. 2012;7:e46794.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"928_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.25.6.1193","volume":"25","author":"H Furst","year":"1994","unstructured":"Furst\u00a0H, Hartl\u00a0WH, Janssen\u00a0I. Patterns of cerebrovascular reactivity in patients with unilateral asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis. Stroke. 1994;25:1193\u2013200.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"928_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurad.2016.07.003","volume":"44","author":"NS Hartkamp","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hartkamp\u00a0NS, Bokkers\u00a0RP, van Osch\u00a0MJ, de Borst\u00a0GJ, Hendrikse\u00a0J. Cerebrovascular reactivity in the caudate nucleus, lentiform nucleus and thalamus in patients with carotid artery disease. J\u00a0Neuroradiol. 2017;44:143\u201350.","journal-title":"J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"928_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(00)00111-1","volume":"21","author":"JC de la Torre","year":"2000","unstructured":"de la Torre\u00a0JC. Critically attained threshold of cerebral hypoperfusion: the CATCH hypothesis of Alzheimer\u2019s pathogenesis. Neurobiol Aging. 2000;21:331\u201342.","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"928_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2598","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000143725.19053.60","volume":"35","author":"M Shibata","year":"2004","unstructured":"Shibata\u00a0M, Ohtani\u00a0R, Ihara\u00a0M, Tomimoto\u00a0H. White matter lesions and glial activation in a\u00a0novel mouse model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Stroke. 2004;35:2598\u2013603.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"928_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1097\/00044067-200510000-00005","volume":"16","author":"CJ Kirkness","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kirkness\u00a0CJ. Cerebral blood flow monitoring in clinical practice. AACN Clin Issues. 2005;16:476\u201387.","journal-title":"AACN Clin Issues"},{"key":"928_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X18815790","volume":"40","author":"J Gottler","year":"2020","unstructured":"G\u00f6ttler J, Kaczmarz S, Nuttall R, Griese V, Napi\u00f3rkowski N, Kallmayer M, Wustrow I, Eckstein HH, Zimmer C, Preibisch C, Finke K, Sorg C. The stronger one-sided relative hypoperfusion, the more pronounced ipsilateral spatial attentional bias in patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2020;40:314-27.","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"928_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3586","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5309-07.2008","volume":"28","author":"P Shaw","year":"2008","unstructured":"Shaw P, Kabani NJ, Lerch JP, Eckstrand K, Lenroot R, Gogtay N, Greenstein D, Clasen L, Evans A, Rapoport JL, Giedd JN, Wise SP. Neurodevelopmental trajectories of the human cerebral cortex. J\u00a0Neurosci. 2008;28:3586\u201394.","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"928_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19971020)387:2<167::AID-CNE1>3.0.CO;2-Z","volume":"387","author":"PR Huttenlocher","year":"1997","unstructured":"Huttenlocher\u00a0PR, Dabholkar\u00a0AS. Regional differences in synaptogenesis in human cerebral cortex. J\u00a0Comp Neurol. 1997;387:167\u201378.","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"928_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1162\/0898929042304796","volume":"16","author":"EI Knudsen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Knudsen\u00a0EI. Sensitive periods in the development of the brain and behavior. J\u00a0Cogn Neurosci. 2004;16:1412\u201325.","journal-title":"J Cogn Neurosci"},{"key":"928_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8223","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1798-04.2004","volume":"24","author":"ER Sowell","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sowell\u00a0ER, Thompson\u00a0PM, Leonard\u00a0CM, Welcome\u00a0SE, Kan\u00a0E, Toga\u00a0AW. Longitudinal mapping of cortical thickness and brain growth in normal children. J\u00a0Neurosci. 2004;24:8223\u201331.","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"928_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e9825","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009825","volume":"5","author":"AC van Es","year":"2010","unstructured":"van Es AC, van der Grond J, ten Dam VH, de Craen AJ, Blauw GJ, Westendorp RG, Admiraal-Behloul F, van Buchem MA; PROSPER Study Group. Associations between total cerebral blood flow and age related changes of the brain. Plos One. 2010;5:e9825.","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"key":"928_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.209.3.9844657","volume":"209","author":"PC Buijs","year":"1998","unstructured":"Buijs PC, Krabbe-Hartkamp MJ, Bakker CJ, de Lange EE, Ramos LM, Breteler MM, Mali WP. Effect of age on cerebral blood flow: measurement with ungated two-dimensional phase-contrast MR angiography in 250 adults. Radiology. 1998;209:667\u201374.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"928_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-2626(89)90073-0","volume":"10","author":"S Hagstadius","year":"1989","unstructured":"Hagstadius\u00a0S, Risberg\u00a0J. Regional cerebral blood flow characteristics and variations with age in resting normal subjects. Brain Cogn. 1989;10:28\u201343.","journal-title":"Brain Cogn"},{"key":"928_CR50","first-page":"1842","volume":"41","author":"CC Meltzer","year":"2000","unstructured":"Meltzer CC, Cantwell MN, Greer PJ, Ben-Eliezer D, Smith G, Frank G, Kaye WH, Houck PR, Price JC. Does cerebral blood flow decline in healthy aging? A PET study with partial-volume correction. J\u00a0Nucl Med. 2000;41:1842\u20138.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"928_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.12.032","volume":"55","author":"JJ Chen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chen\u00a0JJ, Rosas\u00a0HD, Salat\u00a0DH. Age-associated reductions in cerebral blood flow are independent from regional atrophy. Neuroimage. 2011;55:468\u201378.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"928_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182749f39","volume":"79","author":"M Duering","year":"2012","unstructured":"Duering M, Righart R, Csanadi E, Jouvent E, Herv\u00e9 D, Chabriat H, Dichgans M. Incident subcortical infarcts induce focal thinning in connected cortical regions. Neurology. 2012;79:2025\u20138.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"928_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X19831583","volume":"40","author":"B Cheng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cheng B, Dietzmann P, Schulz R, Boenstrup M, Krawinkel L, Fiehler J, Gerloff C, Thomalla G. Cortical atrophy and transcallosal diaschisis following isolated subcortical stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2020;40:611-21.","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"928_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34722","DOI":"10.1038\/srep34722","volume":"6","author":"JS Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee JS, Kang D, Jang YK, Kim HJ, Na DL, Shin HY, Kang M, Yang JJ, Lee JM, Lee J, Kim YJ, Park KC, Guallar E, Seo SW, Cho J. Coronary artery calcium is associated with cortical thinning in cognitively normal individuals. Sci Rep. 2016;6:34722.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"928_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21293","volume":"58","author":"EC Wong","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wong\u00a0EC. Vessel-encoded arterial spin-labeling using pseudocontinuous tagging. Magn Reson Med. 2007;58:1086\u201391.","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"928_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2980","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.515767","volume":"39","author":"AP Kansagra","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kansagra\u00a0AP, Wong\u00a0EC. Quantitative assessment of mixed cerebral vascular territory supply with vessel encoded arterial spin labeling MRI. Stroke. 2008;39:2980\u20135.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"928_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000312","volume":"82","author":"JM Wardlaw","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wardlaw JM, Allerhand M, Doubal FN, Valdes Hernandez M, Morris Z, Gow AJ, Bastin M, Starr JM, Dennis MS, Deary IJ. Vascular risk factors, large-artery atheroma, and brain white matter hyperintensities. Neurology. 2014;82:1331\u20138.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"928_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1159\/000336762","volume":"33","author":"GM Potter","year":"2012","unstructured":"Potter\u00a0GM, Doubal\u00a0FN, Jackson\u00a0CA, Sudlow\u00a0CL, Dennis\u00a0MS, Wardlaw\u00a0JM. Lack of association of white matter lesions with ipsilateral carotid artery stenosis. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2012;33:378\u201384.","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"928_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e020830","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-020830","volume":"8","author":"H Ye","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ye\u00a0H, Wang\u00a0Y, Qiu\u00a0J, Wu\u00a0Q, Xu\u00a0M, Wang\u00a0J. White matter hyperintensities and their subtypes in patients with carotid artery stenosis: a\u00a0systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2018;8:e20830.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"928_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10559","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-11216-x","volume":"7","author":"E Ammirati","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ammirati E, Moroni F, Magnoni M, Rocca MA, Messina R, Anzalone N, De Filippis C, Scotti I, Besana F, Spagnolo P, Rimoldi OE, Chiesa R, Falini A, Filippi M, Camici PG. Relation between characteristics of carotid atherosclerotic plaques and brain white matter hyperintensities in asymptomatic patients. Sci Rep. 2017;7:10559.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"}],"container-title":["Clinical Neuroradiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00062-020-00928-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00062-020-00928-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00062-020-00928-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]],"date-time":"2021-09-27T20:28:17Z","timestamp":1632774497000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00062-020-00928-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,7]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["928"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00062-020-00928-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1869-1439","1869-1447"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1869-1439"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1869-1447"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 January 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 June 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 July 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A.\u00a0Seiler, A.\u00a0Brandhofe, R.-M.\u00a0Gracien, W.\u00a0Pfeilschifter, E.\u00a0Hattingen, R.\u00a0Deichmann, U.\u00a0N\u00f6th and M.\u00a0Wagner declare that they have no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}