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The FA and MD were compared between patients with (Ci_P <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u200914) and without (Cp_P <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u200981) cognitive impairment in a subset of patients who underwent CI screening.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The FA was reduced in Ci_P compared to Cp_P in the splenium of corpus callosum (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u20090.001), right parahippocampal cingulum (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u20090.002) and fornix cres.\/stria terminalis (0.042), left posterior corona radiata (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u20090.012), bilateral cerebral peduncles, medial lemniscus and in cerebellar tracts. Increased MD was detected in the splenium of corpus callosum (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u20090.01). The CI-related localizations overlapped only partially with MS lesions.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Microstructural white matter alterations at disease onset were detectable in Ci_P compared to Cp_P in known cognitively relevant fiber tracts, indicating the relevance of early treatment initiation in MS and CIS.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00062-021-01010-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,31]],"date-time":"2021-03-31T13:03:48Z","timestamp":1617195828000},"page":"993-1003","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Microstructural White Matter Alterations in Cognitively Impaired Patients at Early Stages of Multiple Sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0997-2725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruth","family":"Schneider","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Britta","family":"Matusche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erhan","family":"Gen\u00e7","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Gold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Bellenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carsten","family":"Lukas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"1010_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12220","volume":"25","author":"GC DeLuca","year":"2015","unstructured":"DeLuca\u00a0GC, Yates\u00a0RL, Beale\u00a0H, Morrow\u00a0SA. 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R.\u00a0Gold has received compensation for serving as a\u00a0consultant or speaker from Bayer HealthCare, Biogen Idec, Merck Serono, Novartis, and Teva Neuroscience; he, or the institution he works for, has received research support from Bayer HealthCare, Biogen Idec, Merck Serono, Novartis and Teva Neuroscience; he has also received honoraria as a\u00a0Journal Editor from SAGE and Thieme Verlag. B.\u00a0Bellenberg received financial support by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research, BMBF, German Competence Network Multiple Sclerosis (KKNMS), grant no.01GI1601I. C.\u00a0Lukas received a\u00a0research grant by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research, BMBF, German Competence Network Multiple Sclerosis (KKNMS), grant no.01GI1601I, has received consulting and speaker\u2019s honoraria from Biogen Idec, Bayer Schering, Daiichi Sanykyo, Merck Serono, Novartis, Sanofi, Genzyme and TEVA. B.\u00a0Matusche and E.\u00a0Gen\u00e7 declare that they have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the local ethics committee of the Ruhr University Bochum (Approval No. 3714-10). The study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. Consent to participate: all participants gave written informed consent for participation in the study, which includes dissemination of the results.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical standards"}}]}}