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Meanwhile, tirofiban is frequently applied in emergency situations in interventional neuroradiology (INR). The objective of this study was to analyze the risk profile for the off-label use of tirofiban in INR patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Data of 86\u00a0patients, who underwent neurointerventional therapy and were treated with tirofiban at 2\u00a0neuroendovascular centers between January 2016 and July 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Despite off-label use, recent stroke (&lt;\u202f30\u00a0days), recent hemorrhage, thrombocytopenia (&lt;\u202f150,000\/\u00b5l), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) &gt;\u202f1.3-fold, internation normalised ratio (INR) &lt;\u202f1.5, severe liver insufficiency (Child-Pugh\u00a0C), and preceding intravenous thrombolysis were considered as contraindications.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Median patient age was 62\u00a0years (range 26\u201388 years). Patients received tirofiban for extracranial (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u200935) or intracranial stenting (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u200935), coiling of ruptured cerebral aneurysms (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u20096), continuous intra-arterial nimodipine infusion via microcatheters for subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-related vasospasm (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u20095), or thrombotic complications during neuroendovascular procedures (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u20095). The desired effect of preventing thrombotic complications when applying tirofiban off-label was achieved in 81 of 86\u00a0patients (94.2%). Relevant tirofiban-associated complications occurred in 14\u00a0patients (16.3%), of which 9\u00a0patients received i.v. thrombolysis for treatment of acute ischemic stroke shortly before starting therapy with tirofiban. Of the 86\u00a0patients 12 died, while the overall tirofiban-related mortality was 2.3% (2\u00a0patients died due to ICH). Logistic regression analysis revealed age to be the only parameter significantly associated with development of tirofiban-associated complications (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u20090.026).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Whereas the safety profile of tirofiban when applied off-label in INR is acceptable, the highest risk for relevant tirofiban-associated complications is observed in older patients treated by emergency stenting for acute stroke.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00062-022-01223-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]],"date-time":"2022-10-21T14:09:13Z","timestamp":1666361353000},"page":"427-433","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Safety Profile and Complication Rates in Emergency Off-label Use of Tirofiban in Interventional Neuroradiology"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Carolin","family":"Brockmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Dillinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anastasios","family":"Mpotsaris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annette","family":"Spreer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Volker","family":"Maus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Waldeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed E.","family":"Othman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Altmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Ringel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Kerz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4514-4468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc A.","family":"Brockmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"1223_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829938","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.829938","volume":"13","author":"A Kramer","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kramer A, Selbach M, Kerz T, Neulen A, Brockmann MA, Ringel F, Brockmann C. 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